,Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
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a. nitrogen fixation l8 c. synthesis of vitamins l8 l8
b. production of fermented foods l8 d. causative agents of disease
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ANS: D l8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
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l8
bering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
a. fungi.
l 8 c. virus.
b. E. coli.
l 8 l8 d. algae.
ANS: C l8 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8 l8 MSC: Applying l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
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a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. l8
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
l 8 l8
ANS: B l8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8 l8 MSC: Applying l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
l 8
ANS: D l8 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8 MSC: Applying
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5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
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a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
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b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
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ANS: C l8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8 MSC: Applying
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
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a. the absence of proteins
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b. the presence of DNA
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c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
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d. the presence of a cell wall
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ANS: C l8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8 MSC: Remembering
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7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc losel
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y related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
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a. physical characteristics l8 c. DNA sequence comparison l8 l8
b. method of reproduction l8 l8 d. environmental habitat l 8 l8
ANS: C l8 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8 MSC: Applying
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
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a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli l8
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D l8 DIF: Moderate REF: l 8 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 e thre
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8MSC: Understanding
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9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
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a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi l 8
ANS: A l 8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8MSC: Understanding
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10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
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a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses l 8 l8
ANS: B l8 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 e thre
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e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8MSC: Understanding
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11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of a
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8 l8
n organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that target
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
s cellular metabolic enzymes?
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a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba l8 l8
b. Herpes virus l8 d. bread mold l 8 l8
ANS: B l8 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Anal
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yzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
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a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
l 8 l8 c. Robert Hooke
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b. Catherine of Siena
l 8 d. Louis Pasteur
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ANS: C l8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 l8
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC:
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Remembering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
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a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
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b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
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c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
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d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
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ANS: D l8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 l8
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC:
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Understanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
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a. vinegar eels l8 c. mold filaments l8
b. dust mites l8 d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis l8
ANS: D l8 DIF: Moderate REF: l 8 1.2
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
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a. nitrogen fixation l8 c. synthesis of vitamins l8 l8
b. production of fermented foods l8 d. causative agents of disease
l8 l8 l 8 l8 l8 l8
ANS: D l8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 C: Remem
l8
bering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
a. fungi.
l 8 c. virus.
b. E. coli.
l 8 l8 d. algae.
ANS: C l8 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8 l8 MSC: Applying l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. l8
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
l 8 l8
ANS: B l8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8 l8 MSC: Applying l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
l 8
ANS: D l8 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8 MSC: Applying
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
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a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
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b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
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ANS: C l8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8 MSC: Applying
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
a. the absence of proteins
l8 l8 l8
b. the presence of DNA
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c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
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d. the presence of a cell wall
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ANS: C l8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8 MSC: Remembering
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc losel
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8
y related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
a. physical characteristics l8 c. DNA sequence comparison l8 l8
b. method of reproduction l8 l8 d. environmental habitat l 8 l8
ANS: C l8 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8 MSC: Applying
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli l8
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D l8 DIF: Moderate REF: l 8 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 e thre
l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8MSC: Understanding
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi l 8
ANS: A l 8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8MSC: Understanding
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses l 8 l8
ANS: B l8 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 e thre
l8
e domains have in common and how they differ.
l8 l8 l8MSC: Understanding
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of a
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8 l8
n organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that target
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
s cellular metabolic enzymes?
l8 l8 l8
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba l8 l8
b. Herpes virus l8 d. bread mold l 8 l8
ANS: B l8 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 l8
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Anal
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
yzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
l 8 l8 c. Robert Hooke
l8 l8
b. Catherine of Siena
l 8 d. Louis Pasteur
l8 l8 l8
ANS: C l8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 l8
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC:
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
Remembering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
ANS: D l8 DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 l8
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC:
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l 8 l8
Understanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8 l8
a. vinegar eels l8 c. mold filaments l8
b. dust mites l8 d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis l8
ANS: D l8 DIF: Moderate REF: l 8 1.2
