Practice (Stallings/Brown) Chapter
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Access Control - Answer✅✅Security measure that defines who can access a
computer, when they can access it, and what actions they can take while accessing
the computer.
Active Attack - Answer✅✅A network attack where the hacker attempts to change
data or introduce malware
Adversary (threat agent) - Answer✅✅A threat to a system or an entity that initiates
an attack on a system
Asset - Answer✅✅Data contained in an information system; or a service provided
by a system; or a system capability such as processing power or communication
bandwidth; or an item of system equipment (i.e., a system component - hardware,
firmware, software, or documentation); or a facility that houses system operations
and equipment.
, Assurance - Answer✅✅The degree of confidence one has that the security
measures one has, both technical and operational, work as intended to protect the
system and the information it processes.
Attack - Answer✅✅An assault on system security that derives from an intelligent
threat; that is, an intelligent act that is a deliberate attempt (especially in the sense
of a method or technique) to evade security services and violate the security policy
of a system.
attack surface - Answer✅✅the area of an application that is available to users. both
those users who have been authenticated and those who have not
attack tree - Answer✅✅A branching, hierarchical data structure that represents a
set of potential techniques for exploiting security vulnerabilities
authentication - Answer✅✅verifying the identity of the person or device
attempting to access the system
authenticity - Answer✅✅The property of being genuine and being able to be
verified and trusted; confidence in the validity of a transmission, a message, or
message originator.
availability - Answer✅✅Security actions that ensure that data is accessible to
authorized users.
Complete Mediation - Answer✅✅The principle that protection mechanisms should
cover every access to every object.
confidentiality - Answer✅✅the assurance that messages and information are
available only to those who are authorized to view them
corruption - Answer✅✅Undesirably alters system operation by adversely
modifying system functions or data
countermeasure - Answer✅✅An action, device, procedure, or technique that
reduces a threat, a vulnerability, or an attack by eliminating or preventing it, by
minimizing the harm it can cause, or by discovering and reporting it so that
corrective action can be taken.
Data Confidentiality - Answer✅✅Assures that private or confidential information is
not made available or disclosed to unauthorized individuals
data integrity - Answer✅✅In a database or a collection of databases, the condition
that exists when data values are consistent and in agreement with one another.
Denial of Service - Answer✅✅an interruption in an authorized user's access to a
computer network, typically one caused with malicious intent.