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American Sociological Association's Code of Ethics
a set of guidelines that the American Sociological
Association has established to foster ethical
research and professionally responsible scholarship in
sociology
Culture
shared beliefs, values, and practices
Learned Customs
socially transmitted customs, knowledge, material objects,
and behavior
,Material Culture
the objects or belongings of a group of people
Non-material Culture
the ideas, attitudes, and beliefs of a society
Cultural Universals
patterns or traits that are globally common to all societies
Ethnocentrism
the practice of evaluating another culture according to the
standards of one's own culture
Norms
the visible and invisible rules of conduct through which
societies are structured
Folkways
direct, appropriate behavior in the day-to-day practices and
expressions of a culture
Mores
,the moral views and principles of a group
Language
a symbolic system of communication
High Culture
the cultural patterns of a society's elite
Popular Culture
mainstream, widespread patterns among a society's population
Subculture
groups that share a specific identification, apart from a
society's majority, even as the members exist within a
larger society
Counterculture
groups that reject and oppose society's widely accepted
cultural patterns
, Values
a culture's standard for discerning what is good and just in
society
Socialization
the process wherein people come to understand societal
norms and expectations, to accept society's beliefs, and
to be aware of societal values
Agents of Socialization
any social institution that passes along norms, values,
and beliefs (such as peers, family, religious institutions, and the
like)
Charles Cooley's Looking-Glass Self
our reflection of how we think we appear to others
Nature vs. Nurture
debate whether we are a result of nature- the influence of
our genetic makeup on self- development, or the result of
nurture- the role that our social environment plays in self-
development