NURS 497 EXAM 1 LATEST 2026 WINTER (WEEKS 1-
4) ACTUAL EXAM ANSWERED GRADED A
Which of the following is a function of cell mediated immunity?
Surveillance for malignant cell changes
A 30-year-old female is diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which
symptoms are a result of a type II hypersensitivity? (Select all that apply.)
Lymphopenia
Anemia
The patient is experiencing type II hypersensitivity when experiencing anemia and
lymphopenia.
Chickenpox is an example of which of the following types of immunities?
Chickenpox is an example of natural active immunity.
The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client with systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following results is most important to communicate
to the health care provider?
Mild proteinuria
The patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is diagnosed with cutaneous
Kaposi' s sarcoma. Based on this diagnosis, the nurse understands that this has been
confirmed by which finding?
Appearance of reddish-blue lesions noted on the skin
,A 22-year-old was recently diagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome
(AIDS). Which cell type would you expect to be decreased in a laboratory finding?
The major immunological finding in AIDS is the striking decrease in the number of
CD4+ T cells.
A 30-year-old female complains of fatigue, arthritis, rash, and changes in urine colour.
Laboratory testing reveals anemia, lymphopenia, and kidney inflammation. Assuming a
diagnosis of SLE, which of the following is also likely to be present?
Autoantibodies
A 30-year-old male was diagnosed with HIV. Which of the following treatments would
be most effective?
Antiretroviral therapy (ART)
The current regimen for the treatment of HIV infection is a combination of drugs,
termed antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Which immunoglobulin from maternal transmission protects newborns in the first 3 to
6 months of life from bacterial infections?
IgG
A 40-year-old female is diagnosed with SLE. Which of the following findings would be
considered a symptom of this disease?
Photosensitivity
Photosensitivity is one of the 11 common clinical findings in SLE.
,why is the development of recurrent or unusual infections the clinical hallmark of
immunodeficiency
lack of immune cells to fight said infections
Humoral immunity is mediated by:
B cells and antibodies
what effect does aids have on the heart
left ventricular failure is one of the most common
- damages heart tissue
why is SLE (lupus) considered autoimmune disease
person develops autoantibodies that attack own cells
How does juvenile idiopathic arthritis differ from rheumatoid arthritis
- JIA larger joints
- idiopathic
- rheumatoid factor may be negative
What is a characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis
typically effects small joints and pain occasionally improves with joint use
, Kaposi's sarcoma
malignant tumor of the blood vessels associated with AIDS
AIDS
secondary or acquired immune deficiency. The immune system becomes affected due
to infection for the HIV virus.
What is chronic venous insufficiency, and how does it present clinically?
CVI occurs when venous return is inadequate for extended periods, causing pooling of
blood in the veins of the lower extremities and hyperpigmentation of skin of the feet
and ankles. Edema may extend to the knees, and there is a chance of deep venous
thrombosis (DVT) formation.
Summarize the pathophysiology of primary hypertension
Primary hypertension can be caused by alterations in the sympathetic nervous system,
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, or natriuretic peptides or caused by
inflammation, obesity, or insulin resistance. An increase in sympathetic nervous
system activity causes an increased heart rate and systemic vasoconstriction and an
increase in insulin resistance. Elevated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activity causes
an increase in vascular tone and salt and water retention, all of which increase blood
pressure.
What is malignant hypertension
Malignant hypertension is a severe, rapidly progressive form of hypertension in which
the diastolic pressure is usually above 140 mm Hg. High arterial pressures inhibit
cerebral autoregulation of blood flow, leading to cerebral edema, encephalopathy, or
stroke. Malignant hypertension also can cause cardiac failure, kidney failure, and
retinopathy
4) ACTUAL EXAM ANSWERED GRADED A
Which of the following is a function of cell mediated immunity?
Surveillance for malignant cell changes
A 30-year-old female is diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which
symptoms are a result of a type II hypersensitivity? (Select all that apply.)
Lymphopenia
Anemia
The patient is experiencing type II hypersensitivity when experiencing anemia and
lymphopenia.
Chickenpox is an example of which of the following types of immunities?
Chickenpox is an example of natural active immunity.
The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client with systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following results is most important to communicate
to the health care provider?
Mild proteinuria
The patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is diagnosed with cutaneous
Kaposi' s sarcoma. Based on this diagnosis, the nurse understands that this has been
confirmed by which finding?
Appearance of reddish-blue lesions noted on the skin
,A 22-year-old was recently diagnosed with acquired immune deficiency syndrome
(AIDS). Which cell type would you expect to be decreased in a laboratory finding?
The major immunological finding in AIDS is the striking decrease in the number of
CD4+ T cells.
A 30-year-old female complains of fatigue, arthritis, rash, and changes in urine colour.
Laboratory testing reveals anemia, lymphopenia, and kidney inflammation. Assuming a
diagnosis of SLE, which of the following is also likely to be present?
Autoantibodies
A 30-year-old male was diagnosed with HIV. Which of the following treatments would
be most effective?
Antiretroviral therapy (ART)
The current regimen for the treatment of HIV infection is a combination of drugs,
termed antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Which immunoglobulin from maternal transmission protects newborns in the first 3 to
6 months of life from bacterial infections?
IgG
A 40-year-old female is diagnosed with SLE. Which of the following findings would be
considered a symptom of this disease?
Photosensitivity
Photosensitivity is one of the 11 common clinical findings in SLE.
,why is the development of recurrent or unusual infections the clinical hallmark of
immunodeficiency
lack of immune cells to fight said infections
Humoral immunity is mediated by:
B cells and antibodies
what effect does aids have on the heart
left ventricular failure is one of the most common
- damages heart tissue
why is SLE (lupus) considered autoimmune disease
person develops autoantibodies that attack own cells
How does juvenile idiopathic arthritis differ from rheumatoid arthritis
- JIA larger joints
- idiopathic
- rheumatoid factor may be negative
What is a characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis
typically effects small joints and pain occasionally improves with joint use
, Kaposi's sarcoma
malignant tumor of the blood vessels associated with AIDS
AIDS
secondary or acquired immune deficiency. The immune system becomes affected due
to infection for the HIV virus.
What is chronic venous insufficiency, and how does it present clinically?
CVI occurs when venous return is inadequate for extended periods, causing pooling of
blood in the veins of the lower extremities and hyperpigmentation of skin of the feet
and ankles. Edema may extend to the knees, and there is a chance of deep venous
thrombosis (DVT) formation.
Summarize the pathophysiology of primary hypertension
Primary hypertension can be caused by alterations in the sympathetic nervous system,
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, or natriuretic peptides or caused by
inflammation, obesity, or insulin resistance. An increase in sympathetic nervous
system activity causes an increased heart rate and systemic vasoconstriction and an
increase in insulin resistance. Elevated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone activity causes
an increase in vascular tone and salt and water retention, all of which increase blood
pressure.
What is malignant hypertension
Malignant hypertension is a severe, rapidly progressive form of hypertension in which
the diastolic pressure is usually above 140 mm Hg. High arterial pressures inhibit
cerebral autoregulation of blood flow, leading to cerebral edema, encephalopathy, or
stroke. Malignant hypertension also can cause cardiac failure, kidney failure, and
retinopathy
