Fall Semester 2025 – Ultimate Comprehensive Study Guide for NGN ATI
Pediatric Nursing Exam Preparation | Extensive Resource Featuring
Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines, Essential Pediatric Pathophysiology
Concepts, Advanced Vital Signs Assessment Techniques, Critical Care
Strategies, and Thorough Review Questions for Maximizing Success in
Pediatric Nursing Evaluations
1. Which of the following is the most crucial age for establishing trust in infants?
• A) 0-2 months
• B) 2-6 months
• C) 0-1 year
• D) 1-2 years
CORRECT ANSWER: C) 0-1 year
Rationale: Trust vs. mistrust is a developmental psychosocial stage identified by Erik
Erikson, primarily occurring in the first year of life.
2. The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child with a high fever and irritability. Which
assessment finding would be most concerning?
• A) Rash on the trunk
• B) Complaints of pain in the abdomen
• C) Difficulty breathing
• D) Excessive sleeping
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Difficulty breathing
Rationale: Difficulty breathing is a critical sign that may indicate a serious condition
requiring immediate intervention.
3. Which immunization is recommended at 12 months of age?
• A) DTaP
• B) MMR
• C) Polio
• D) Varicella
,CORRECT ANSWER: B) MMR
Rationale: The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is typically administered
between 12 and 15 months of age.
4. When dealing with a 10-year-old child who is anxious about surgery, which
approach should the nurse take?
• A) Ignore the child's fears to keep them calm
• B) Provide detailed explanations about the procedure
• C) Offer distractions such as toys or music
• D) Limit interactions to only necessary explanations
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Provide detailed explanations about the procedure
Rationale: Providing age-appropriate information helps alleviate anxiety and empowers
the child with understanding of what will happen.
5. What is the primary goal in treatment for children with asthma?
• A) Promote physical activity
• B) Eliminate all allergens from the environment
• C) Maintain optimal lung function and minimize symptoms
• D) Avoid all medications
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Maintain optimal lung function and minimize symptoms
Rationale: The primary treatment goal for asthma management is to ensure the child
can breathe comfortably and lead an active life without frequent exacerbations.
6. Which developmental milestone is expected for a 12-month-old?
• A) Walking independently
• B) Using two-word phrases
• C) Rides a tricycle
• D) Drawing circles
CORRECT ANSWER: A) Walking independently
Rationale: Most children begin to walk independently between 11 to 15 months.
7. A child presents with respiratory distress and wheezing. What is the priority
intervention?
, • A) Administer bronchodilator
• B) Obtain vital signs
• C) Prepare for intubation
• D) Provide oxygen
CORRECT ANSWER: A) Administer bronchodilator
Rationale: The immediate priority is to relieve bronchospasm to improve airflow.
8. The parents of a 3-year-old ask about discipline techniques. Which approach is
most appropriate?
• A) Time-out for misbehavior
• B) Spanking
• C) Ignoring the child’s actions
• D) Verbal punishment
CORRECT ANSWER: A) Time-out for misbehavior
Rationale: Time-out is an effective disciplinary technique for preschoolers to help them
understand consequences.
9. What nutrient is crucial for the prevention of neural tube defects in pregnancy?
• A) Vitamin C
• B) Folic acid
• C) Iron
• D) Calcium
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Folic acid
Rationale: Folic acid is essential for the proper neural development of the fetus and
reduces the risk of neural tube defects.
10. Which symptom is most indicative of leukemia in children?
• A) Unexplained weight loss
• B) Frequent headaches
• C) Chronic cough
• D) Abdominal pain
, CORRECT ANSWER: A) Unexplained weight loss
Rationale: Unexplained weight loss can be a significant indicator of leukemia and other
cancers in children.
11. How should the nurse approach education for a 7-year-old about a new
medication?
• A) Explain the information in detail to the parents only
• B) Use simple language and involve the child in the discussion
• C) Provide written materials for the child to read
• D) Avoid discussing side effects to prevent anxiety
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Use simple language and involve the child in the discussion
Rationale: Engaging the child in their care enhances understanding and compliance.
12. The nurse assesses a newborn who exhibits signs of jaundice. What is the most
appropriate action?
• A) Refer to a specialist
• B) Monitor bilirubin levels
• C) Provide phototherapy
• D) Increase feeding frequency
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Monitor bilirubin levels
Rationale: Monitoring bilirubin levels will help determine the severity and need for
treatment for jaundice.
13. A child with diabetes mellitus is experiencing hypoglycemia. What is the best
snack option to provide?
• A) Apple
• B) Peanut butter
• C) Fruit juice
• D) Cheese
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Fruit juice
Rationale: Fruit juice provides quick sugar absorption to quickly raise blood glucose
levels.
Pediatric Nursing Exam Preparation | Extensive Resource Featuring
Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines, Essential Pediatric Pathophysiology
Concepts, Advanced Vital Signs Assessment Techniques, Critical Care
Strategies, and Thorough Review Questions for Maximizing Success in
Pediatric Nursing Evaluations
1. Which of the following is the most crucial age for establishing trust in infants?
• A) 0-2 months
• B) 2-6 months
• C) 0-1 year
• D) 1-2 years
CORRECT ANSWER: C) 0-1 year
Rationale: Trust vs. mistrust is a developmental psychosocial stage identified by Erik
Erikson, primarily occurring in the first year of life.
2. The nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child with a high fever and irritability. Which
assessment finding would be most concerning?
• A) Rash on the trunk
• B) Complaints of pain in the abdomen
• C) Difficulty breathing
• D) Excessive sleeping
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Difficulty breathing
Rationale: Difficulty breathing is a critical sign that may indicate a serious condition
requiring immediate intervention.
3. Which immunization is recommended at 12 months of age?
• A) DTaP
• B) MMR
• C) Polio
• D) Varicella
,CORRECT ANSWER: B) MMR
Rationale: The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine is typically administered
between 12 and 15 months of age.
4. When dealing with a 10-year-old child who is anxious about surgery, which
approach should the nurse take?
• A) Ignore the child's fears to keep them calm
• B) Provide detailed explanations about the procedure
• C) Offer distractions such as toys or music
• D) Limit interactions to only necessary explanations
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Provide detailed explanations about the procedure
Rationale: Providing age-appropriate information helps alleviate anxiety and empowers
the child with understanding of what will happen.
5. What is the primary goal in treatment for children with asthma?
• A) Promote physical activity
• B) Eliminate all allergens from the environment
• C) Maintain optimal lung function and minimize symptoms
• D) Avoid all medications
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Maintain optimal lung function and minimize symptoms
Rationale: The primary treatment goal for asthma management is to ensure the child
can breathe comfortably and lead an active life without frequent exacerbations.
6. Which developmental milestone is expected for a 12-month-old?
• A) Walking independently
• B) Using two-word phrases
• C) Rides a tricycle
• D) Drawing circles
CORRECT ANSWER: A) Walking independently
Rationale: Most children begin to walk independently between 11 to 15 months.
7. A child presents with respiratory distress and wheezing. What is the priority
intervention?
, • A) Administer bronchodilator
• B) Obtain vital signs
• C) Prepare for intubation
• D) Provide oxygen
CORRECT ANSWER: A) Administer bronchodilator
Rationale: The immediate priority is to relieve bronchospasm to improve airflow.
8. The parents of a 3-year-old ask about discipline techniques. Which approach is
most appropriate?
• A) Time-out for misbehavior
• B) Spanking
• C) Ignoring the child’s actions
• D) Verbal punishment
CORRECT ANSWER: A) Time-out for misbehavior
Rationale: Time-out is an effective disciplinary technique for preschoolers to help them
understand consequences.
9. What nutrient is crucial for the prevention of neural tube defects in pregnancy?
• A) Vitamin C
• B) Folic acid
• C) Iron
• D) Calcium
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Folic acid
Rationale: Folic acid is essential for the proper neural development of the fetus and
reduces the risk of neural tube defects.
10. Which symptom is most indicative of leukemia in children?
• A) Unexplained weight loss
• B) Frequent headaches
• C) Chronic cough
• D) Abdominal pain
, CORRECT ANSWER: A) Unexplained weight loss
Rationale: Unexplained weight loss can be a significant indicator of leukemia and other
cancers in children.
11. How should the nurse approach education for a 7-year-old about a new
medication?
• A) Explain the information in detail to the parents only
• B) Use simple language and involve the child in the discussion
• C) Provide written materials for the child to read
• D) Avoid discussing side effects to prevent anxiety
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Use simple language and involve the child in the discussion
Rationale: Engaging the child in their care enhances understanding and compliance.
12. The nurse assesses a newborn who exhibits signs of jaundice. What is the most
appropriate action?
• A) Refer to a specialist
• B) Monitor bilirubin levels
• C) Provide phototherapy
• D) Increase feeding frequency
CORRECT ANSWER: B) Monitor bilirubin levels
Rationale: Monitoring bilirubin levels will help determine the severity and need for
treatment for jaundice.
13. A child with diabetes mellitus is experiencing hypoglycemia. What is the best
snack option to provide?
• A) Apple
• B) Peanut butter
• C) Fruit juice
• D) Cheese
CORRECT ANSWER: C) Fruit juice
Rationale: Fruit juice provides quick sugar absorption to quickly raise blood glucose
levels.
