America in 1865 - ANSWER - 30 million people
- 4 million are slaves
- predominately rural in both north and south
Proclamation of 1863 - ANSWER "Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction"
issued by Abraham Lincoln
- would grant amnesty to Confederate officials
- restored voters could elect members to US congress
Requirements:
- defeated states accept abolition of slavery
- new governments could be formed when 10% of eligible voters swore oath of allegiance to
US
Freedmen's Bureau - ANSWER Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands
- created by Congress in 1865
- provided ex-slaves economic and legal resources
- primary goal: obtaining land
Andrew Johnson - ANSWER - Vice president to Abraham Lincoln
- Southern democrat chosen to attract border-state voters
1
,- Born into rural poverty, had no sympathy for southern aristocracy
- Saw emancipation as a way to break down aristocracy, did not care about freedmen or
their autonomy
- Actively worked against Congressional Reconstruction
- Impeached for violating Tenure of Office Act
Radical Republicans/Reconstruction - ANSWER - Congressional reconstruction
- Anti-slavery party, wanted to punish the south
- Believed that blacks were inferior to whites, but wanted the federal government to protect
newly emancipated slaves
- Advocated for suffrage and land distribution for freed slaves
- Ultimately failed, most issues weren't solved
Black Codes - ANSWER Kept free slaves in a system as close to slavery as possible,
made it nearly impossible to leave plantations, and ensured that white landowners still had
cheap black labor even after the abolition of slavery
- Prohibited blacks from bearing arms
- Outlawed racial intermarriages
- Excluded blacks from serving on juries
Fourteenth Amendment - ANSWER - Constitutionally defines citizenship and protects
individual civil rights
- Overturned Dred Scott case decision
Dred Scott - ANSWER Missouri slave sued for his freedom, but the US Supreme court
ruled that he couldn't sue in federal court because he was property, not a citizen.
2
, Decision overturned by the 14th Amendment
Tenure of Office Act & Johnson Impeachment - ANSWER - Prohibited chief executive
from removing a senate-approved appointee from office without getting approval from the
senate. Prevented Johnson from firing cabinet officers that supported congressional
reconstruction.
- Johnson fired Secretary of War, Edwin Stanton, who was appointed by Lincoln and
sympathized with radical republicans, without senate approval.
- House voted 126 to 47 to impeach Johnson, Senate fell one vote short to impeach after
trial, so Johnson remained in office.
Fifteenth Amendment - ANSWER Granted suffrage to all male citizens, regardless of
"race, color, or previous condition of servitude"
-Southern states devised different tactics to undermine this amendment
American Equal Rights Association - ANSWER - Group formed by black and white men
and women who wanted to promote race and gender equality in 1866
- Organization dissolved in 1869 over disagreements with the 15th amendment
- Only allowed for male voters, feminists like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony
were afraid that black men getting more rights would continue to limit the rights of women
Scalawags - ANSWER - Derogatory term used when describing white southerners who
supported Reconstruction
- Majority of southern whites supported the democratic party and viewed scalawags as
traitors, because they supported changing the south and allying themselves with
Republicans
3
- 4 million are slaves
- predominately rural in both north and south
Proclamation of 1863 - ANSWER "Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction"
issued by Abraham Lincoln
- would grant amnesty to Confederate officials
- restored voters could elect members to US congress
Requirements:
- defeated states accept abolition of slavery
- new governments could be formed when 10% of eligible voters swore oath of allegiance to
US
Freedmen's Bureau - ANSWER Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands
- created by Congress in 1865
- provided ex-slaves economic and legal resources
- primary goal: obtaining land
Andrew Johnson - ANSWER - Vice president to Abraham Lincoln
- Southern democrat chosen to attract border-state voters
1
,- Born into rural poverty, had no sympathy for southern aristocracy
- Saw emancipation as a way to break down aristocracy, did not care about freedmen or
their autonomy
- Actively worked against Congressional Reconstruction
- Impeached for violating Tenure of Office Act
Radical Republicans/Reconstruction - ANSWER - Congressional reconstruction
- Anti-slavery party, wanted to punish the south
- Believed that blacks were inferior to whites, but wanted the federal government to protect
newly emancipated slaves
- Advocated for suffrage and land distribution for freed slaves
- Ultimately failed, most issues weren't solved
Black Codes - ANSWER Kept free slaves in a system as close to slavery as possible,
made it nearly impossible to leave plantations, and ensured that white landowners still had
cheap black labor even after the abolition of slavery
- Prohibited blacks from bearing arms
- Outlawed racial intermarriages
- Excluded blacks from serving on juries
Fourteenth Amendment - ANSWER - Constitutionally defines citizenship and protects
individual civil rights
- Overturned Dred Scott case decision
Dred Scott - ANSWER Missouri slave sued for his freedom, but the US Supreme court
ruled that he couldn't sue in federal court because he was property, not a citizen.
2
, Decision overturned by the 14th Amendment
Tenure of Office Act & Johnson Impeachment - ANSWER - Prohibited chief executive
from removing a senate-approved appointee from office without getting approval from the
senate. Prevented Johnson from firing cabinet officers that supported congressional
reconstruction.
- Johnson fired Secretary of War, Edwin Stanton, who was appointed by Lincoln and
sympathized with radical republicans, without senate approval.
- House voted 126 to 47 to impeach Johnson, Senate fell one vote short to impeach after
trial, so Johnson remained in office.
Fifteenth Amendment - ANSWER Granted suffrage to all male citizens, regardless of
"race, color, or previous condition of servitude"
-Southern states devised different tactics to undermine this amendment
American Equal Rights Association - ANSWER - Group formed by black and white men
and women who wanted to promote race and gender equality in 1866
- Organization dissolved in 1869 over disagreements with the 15th amendment
- Only allowed for male voters, feminists like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony
were afraid that black men getting more rights would continue to limit the rights of women
Scalawags - ANSWER - Derogatory term used when describing white southerners who
supported Reconstruction
- Majority of southern whites supported the democratic party and viewed scalawags as
traitors, because they supported changing the south and allying themselves with
Republicans
3
