NREMT EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS
COMPLETE WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
\Q\.cardiogenic shock - ANSWERS✔--the type of shock caused by inadequate function of the
heart. This develops when the heart cannot maintain sufficient output to meet the demands of
the body
-caused by any disease or event which prevents heart pumping
-can occur directly after AMI up to 24 hours
\Q\.Obstructive shock - ANSWERS✔-The type of shock that results when conditions that cause
mechanical obstruction of the cardiac muscle also impact pump function
ex. cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax
\Q\.Beck's triad - ANSWERS✔-Signs of a cardiac tamponade. JVD, narrowing BP pressures,
muffled heart sounds
\Q\.Distributive shock - ANSWERS✔-The type of shock when there is widespread dilation of the
small arterioles, venules, or both. Blood pools in the expanded vascular beds and tissue
perfusion decreases
\Q\.Types of distributive shock - ANSWERS✔-Septic shock caused by severe infections;
neurogenic shock caused by damage to the spinal cord (bradycardia, low BP, warm skin);
anaphylactic shock caused by allergic reaction; psychogenic shock
,\Q\.Hypovolemic shock - ANSWERS✔-The type of shock that results from an inadequate
amount of fluid or volume in the system
-15% of blood volume
\Q\.How do you treat for shock? - ANSWERS✔-Keep the patient warm, control bleeding, put
the patient in a position of comfort, and administer high-flow oxygen
\Q\.brain damage without oxygen - ANSWERS✔--without enough oxygen, cardiac arrest or
brain damage occurs within about 4 minutes
-permanent brain damage within 6 minutes
-death likely within 10 minutes
\Q\.FBAO - ANSWERS✔--signs of blockage include inability to cough or speak or inability to
ventilate patient
-bending patient forward at the waist, support chest with one hand, use heel of hand to give 5
back blows between shoulder blades
-then 5 abdominal thrusts
-alternate between the two until object is dislodged
-if patient loses consciousness, give CPR starting with chest compressions
-given even if patient has a pulse, so don't check
-before giving breaths, look inside mouth for any visible objects
\Q\.FBAO in children - ANSWERS✔--using thigh for support, lay facing down along forearm;
ensure head is lower than the body
-give 5 firm back blows between blades
-5 chest thrusts; place 2 to 3 fingers in the middle of the chest just below the nipples. push
down 1.5 inches.
,-alternate, unless lose consciousness, then CPR
\Q\.mouse to mouth/mouth to nose - ANSWERS✔--mouth to mouth performed when patient
does not have adequate breathing and artificial ventilation not available
-open airway
-place barrier device
-pinch nose and form seal around patient's mouth
-check for FBAO if you do not see chest rise and fall
-give 1 breath every 5 to 6 seconds for adults and 1 every 3 for peds
\Q\.Steps of CPR - ANSWERS✔-Determine unresponsiveness. Check for breathing for up to 10
seconds. Check carotid pulse for up to 10 seconds. Begin CPR until AED is available. Give 30
compressions at 100 beats/min and then 2 breaths over the course of 1 second. Once an
advanced airway is inserted, ventilate at a rate of 8-10 breaths/min and do not stop
compressions.
This is exactly the same for children, except two-rescuer CPR is 15:2. If patient experiences a
return of spontaneous circulation, ventilate at a rate of 10-12 breaths/min.
\Q\.compression to breath ratios - ANSWERS✔-under 8 years old:
-2 provider: 15:2
-1 provider: 30:2
-one third of chest diameter
older:
-30:2 always
-2 inches
, \Q\.AED procedure - ANSWERS✔--if cardiac arrest was not seen by EMS, give 5 cycles of 30:2
before defibrillating
-if cardiac arrest was seen, one EMT begins compressions and the other applies AED
-if only one EMT available, apply AED immediately
-check for pulse 2 minutes after defib
-if no shockable rhythm, wait 2 minutes and re-analyze
\Q\.When to place left lateral - ANSWERS✔-If patient has adequate breathing and is uninjured.
To maintain a patent airway in an unresponsive patient.
\Q\.What to do if you fail to ventilate - ANSWERS✔-If the breath doesn't go in successfully,
reposition the patient and try again. If there is still nothing, assume there is a foreign body
obstruction and begin CPR on an unresponsive apneic patient. Continue to attempt ventilations
and open the mouth and look in every time.
\Q\.Pneumothorax signs - ANSWERS✔--dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain that worsens during
inspiration and expiration, absent or decreased breath sounds
-rupture of visceral lining
\Q\.Pulmonary embolism signs - ANSWERS✔--dyspnea, acute chest pain, hemoptysis, cyanosis,
tachypnea, hypoxia, tachycardia?**
\Q\.GCS Eye Opening - ANSWERS✔-Spontaneous = 4
To voice = 3
To pain = 2
None = 1
\Q\.GCS Verbal Response - ANSWERS✔-Oriented = 5
COMPLETE WITH 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS
\Q\.cardiogenic shock - ANSWERS✔--the type of shock caused by inadequate function of the
heart. This develops when the heart cannot maintain sufficient output to meet the demands of
the body
-caused by any disease or event which prevents heart pumping
-can occur directly after AMI up to 24 hours
\Q\.Obstructive shock - ANSWERS✔-The type of shock that results when conditions that cause
mechanical obstruction of the cardiac muscle also impact pump function
ex. cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax
\Q\.Beck's triad - ANSWERS✔-Signs of a cardiac tamponade. JVD, narrowing BP pressures,
muffled heart sounds
\Q\.Distributive shock - ANSWERS✔-The type of shock when there is widespread dilation of the
small arterioles, venules, or both. Blood pools in the expanded vascular beds and tissue
perfusion decreases
\Q\.Types of distributive shock - ANSWERS✔-Septic shock caused by severe infections;
neurogenic shock caused by damage to the spinal cord (bradycardia, low BP, warm skin);
anaphylactic shock caused by allergic reaction; psychogenic shock
,\Q\.Hypovolemic shock - ANSWERS✔-The type of shock that results from an inadequate
amount of fluid or volume in the system
-15% of blood volume
\Q\.How do you treat for shock? - ANSWERS✔-Keep the patient warm, control bleeding, put
the patient in a position of comfort, and administer high-flow oxygen
\Q\.brain damage without oxygen - ANSWERS✔--without enough oxygen, cardiac arrest or
brain damage occurs within about 4 minutes
-permanent brain damage within 6 minutes
-death likely within 10 minutes
\Q\.FBAO - ANSWERS✔--signs of blockage include inability to cough or speak or inability to
ventilate patient
-bending patient forward at the waist, support chest with one hand, use heel of hand to give 5
back blows between shoulder blades
-then 5 abdominal thrusts
-alternate between the two until object is dislodged
-if patient loses consciousness, give CPR starting with chest compressions
-given even if patient has a pulse, so don't check
-before giving breaths, look inside mouth for any visible objects
\Q\.FBAO in children - ANSWERS✔--using thigh for support, lay facing down along forearm;
ensure head is lower than the body
-give 5 firm back blows between blades
-5 chest thrusts; place 2 to 3 fingers in the middle of the chest just below the nipples. push
down 1.5 inches.
,-alternate, unless lose consciousness, then CPR
\Q\.mouse to mouth/mouth to nose - ANSWERS✔--mouth to mouth performed when patient
does not have adequate breathing and artificial ventilation not available
-open airway
-place barrier device
-pinch nose and form seal around patient's mouth
-check for FBAO if you do not see chest rise and fall
-give 1 breath every 5 to 6 seconds for adults and 1 every 3 for peds
\Q\.Steps of CPR - ANSWERS✔-Determine unresponsiveness. Check for breathing for up to 10
seconds. Check carotid pulse for up to 10 seconds. Begin CPR until AED is available. Give 30
compressions at 100 beats/min and then 2 breaths over the course of 1 second. Once an
advanced airway is inserted, ventilate at a rate of 8-10 breaths/min and do not stop
compressions.
This is exactly the same for children, except two-rescuer CPR is 15:2. If patient experiences a
return of spontaneous circulation, ventilate at a rate of 10-12 breaths/min.
\Q\.compression to breath ratios - ANSWERS✔-under 8 years old:
-2 provider: 15:2
-1 provider: 30:2
-one third of chest diameter
older:
-30:2 always
-2 inches
, \Q\.AED procedure - ANSWERS✔--if cardiac arrest was not seen by EMS, give 5 cycles of 30:2
before defibrillating
-if cardiac arrest was seen, one EMT begins compressions and the other applies AED
-if only one EMT available, apply AED immediately
-check for pulse 2 minutes after defib
-if no shockable rhythm, wait 2 minutes and re-analyze
\Q\.When to place left lateral - ANSWERS✔-If patient has adequate breathing and is uninjured.
To maintain a patent airway in an unresponsive patient.
\Q\.What to do if you fail to ventilate - ANSWERS✔-If the breath doesn't go in successfully,
reposition the patient and try again. If there is still nothing, assume there is a foreign body
obstruction and begin CPR on an unresponsive apneic patient. Continue to attempt ventilations
and open the mouth and look in every time.
\Q\.Pneumothorax signs - ANSWERS✔--dyspnea, pleuritic chest pain that worsens during
inspiration and expiration, absent or decreased breath sounds
-rupture of visceral lining
\Q\.Pulmonary embolism signs - ANSWERS✔--dyspnea, acute chest pain, hemoptysis, cyanosis,
tachypnea, hypoxia, tachycardia?**
\Q\.GCS Eye Opening - ANSWERS✔-Spontaneous = 4
To voice = 3
To pain = 2
None = 1
\Q\.GCS Verbal Response - ANSWERS✔-Oriented = 5
