Perfusion Basics Exam Comprehensive Questions and Answers | A+ Graded | With Expert Solutions

Perfusion Basics Exam Comprehensive Questions and Answers | A+
Graded | With Expert Solutions


Cardiovascular System Contains - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-heart and blood vessels



Precordium - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-the area on the anterior chest directly overlying the
heart and great vessels


Mediastinum - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-area between lungs containing heart and great
vessels


How is the heart rotated? - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-right side is anterior and left side is
mostly posterior


Right Ventricle - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs


greatest area of anterior cardiac surface


found behind sternum


Left Ventricle - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-Found behind r ventricle and forms apex and
slender area of L border


Pumps blood throughout the body


Right atrium - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-Receives deoxygenated blood from the body


right and above r ventricle and forms r border

,Left Atrium - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-receives oxygenated blood from the lungs


mostly posterior


How are blood vessels arranged? - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-two continuous loops and when
heart contracts it pumps blood into both loops


Pulmonary and Systemic circulation


Heart Shape - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-Upsidedown triangle, top is broader base, bottom is
apex pointing down and left


Vena Cava - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-return unoxygenated venous blood to R side of heart



Pulmonary Artery - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-leaves RV and carries venous blood to lungs



Pulmonary Veins - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-Return fresh oxygenated blood to LA



Aorta - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the
body


Heart Wall Layers - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-Pericardium: tough, fibrous, double-walled
sac that surrounds and protects heart
Myocardium: muscular wall of heart
Endocardium: thin layer of endothelial tissue that lines inner surface of heart chambers and
valves


Heart is seperated by - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-septum wall

, How do valves open and close? - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-It is a passive process due to
pressure differences


-pressure ↑ in atria as compared to ventricle = AV valves open
-pressure ↑ in ventricle as compared to atrium = AV valves close


Papillary muscles DO NOT open and close the valves
-prevent back flow of blood


atrioventricular valves (AV valves) - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-Seperate atria and ventricles,
R AV is tricuspid, L AV is bicuspid or mitral valve


open during diastole or filling phase to allow ventricles to fill


close during pumping phase or systole to prevent regurgitation of blood into atria


path of blood through heart and how does it work - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-Liver sends to
RA through inferior vena cava and superior vena cava drains blood from head and upper
extremities
->
RA venous blood travels through tricuspid to RV
->
Pulmonic valve -> pulmonic artery -> lungs -> Pulmonary veins ->
fresh o2 blood -> LA -> mitral valve -> LV -> aortic valive -> aorta -> rest of body


blood is kept moving by continually shifting pressure gradients flowing from high to low


Diastole - CORRECT A N S W E R ⬛⬛-ventricles relax and fill with blood
AV valves open