Pathophysiology Endocrine Practice Questions And Correct Answers

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ENDOCRINE
PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
AA243-year-
oldA2maleA2isA2beingA2evaluatedA2forA2aA2persistentA2headacheA2thatA2respondsA2poorlyA2t
oA2over-the-
counterA2medications.A2HeA2isA2alsoA2concernedA2aboutA2theA2fatA2onA2hisA2face.A2HeA2not
edA2hisA2faceA2becameA2moreA2rotundA2aboutA2aA2yearA2agoA2despiteA2eatingA2aA2healthy
A2dietA2andA2exercisingA2severalA2timesA2aA2week.A2OnA2physicalA2examination,A2vitalA2sig
nsA2areA2normal.A2TheA2examinationA2revealsA2enlargedA2andA2swollenA2handsA2andA2feet
,A2macroglossia,A2aA2wideA2nose,A2andA2wide-
spacedA2teeth.A2WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2isA2theA2bestA2initialA2stepA2toA2screenA2forA2th
eA2diagnosisA2inA2thisA2patient?

A)A2Thyroid-stimulatingA2hormone
B)A2OralA2glucoseA2toleranceA2test
C)A2RandomA2growthA2hormoneA2level
D)A2Insulin-likeA2growthA2factorA2levelA2-A2Ans--Insulin-likeA2growthA2factorA2level

AA235-year-
oldA2femaleA2presentsA2withA2bilateralA2breastA2milkA2dischargeA2forA2theA2pastA22A2weeks
.A2SheA2alsoA2notesA2intermittentA2headachesA2andA2decreasedA2libido.A2AA2pregnancyA2t
estA2isA2negative.A2HerA2physicalA2exam,A2especiallyA2theA2neurologicalA2exam,A2isA2other
wiseA2withinA2normalA2limits.A2HerA2vitalA2signsA2includeA2aA2temperatureA2ofA237A2C,A2aA2
heartA2rateA2ofA270/min,A2andA2aA2respiratoryA2rateA2ofA214/
min.A2SheA2doesA2notA2haveA2anyA2significantA2pastA2medicalA2history.A2AnA2MRIA2ofA2theA
2brainA2andA2serologyA2areA2ordered.A2WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2labA2abnormalitiesA2wo
uldA2beA2expectedA2inA2thisA2patient?

A)A2IncreasedA2prolactin,A2decreasedA2FSH,A2decreasedA2LH
B)A2DecreasedA2prolactin,A2increasedA2FSH,A2increasedA2LH
C)A2DecreasedA2prolactin,A2decreasedA2FSH,A2decreasedA2LH
D)A2IncreasedA2prolactin,A2decreasedA2FSH,A2increasedA2LHA2-A2Ans--
IncreasedA2prolactin,A2decreasedA2FSH,A2decreasedA2LH

AA2patientA2presentsA2withA2heartA2palpitations,A2anxiety,A2andA2increasedA2appetite.A2Sh
eA2alsoA2saysA2thatA2sheA2hasA2lostA2weight.A2MRIA2revealsA2aA212A2mmA2pituitaryA2tumor.
A2WhichA2ofA2theA2followingA2isA2theA2mostA2likelyA2thyroidA2functionA2testA2profile?


A)A2IncreasedA2TSHA2andA2increasedA2T4
B)A2LowA2T4A2andA2increasedA2TSH
C)A2UndetectableA2TSHA2andA2increasedA2T4

,D)A2IncreasedA2TSHA2andA2lowA2T3A2-A2Ans--IncreasedA2TSHA2andA2increasedA2T4

AnA28-year-
oldA2femaleA2patientA2presentsA2toA2theA2OPDA2withA2generalizedA2weaknessA2andA2growt
hA2restriction.A2HistoryA2revealsA2developmentalA2delayA2andA2recurrentA2earA2andA2throat
A2infectionsA2sinceA2theA2firstA2yearA2ofA2life.A2TheA2patient'sA2motherA2isA2worriedA2aboutA2
weightA2andA2height,A2whichA2haveA2notA2increasedA2muchA2sinceA2ageA22.A2TheA2mother
A2saysA2thatA2theA2patientA2isA2intolerantA2toA2coldA2andA2takesA2noA2interestA2inA2playing.A2
OnA2examination,A2theA2patientA2hasA2aA2shortA2statureA2withA2aA2proportionateA2body,A2a
ndA2heightA2isA2belowA2theA23rdA2percentileA2forA2age.A2OnA2examinationA2ofA2theA2headA2
andA2neck,A2sheA2hasA2frontalA2bossing,A2aA2flattenedA2nasalA2bridge,A2andA2aA2prominent
A2jawbone.A2IntellectA2levelA2isA2evaluatedA2toA2beA2belowA2average.A2WhatA2isA2theA2most
A2likelyA2diagnosis?


A)A2TurnerA2syndrome
B)A2PituitaryA2dwarfism
C)A2Achondroplasia
D)A2RicketsA2-A2Ans--PituitaryA2dwarfism

AnA28-year-
oldA2femaleA2patientA2presentsA2toA2theA2OPDA2withA2generalizedA2weaknessA2andA2growt
hA2restriction.A2HistoryA2revealsA2developmentalA2delayA2andA2recurrentA2earA2andA2throat
A2infectionsA2sinceA2theA2firstA2yearA2ofA2life.A2TheA2patient'sA2motherA2isA2worriedA2aboutA2
weightA2andA2height,A2whichA2haveA2notA2increasedA2muchA2sinceA2ageA22.A2TheA2mother
A2saysA2thatA2theA2patientA2isA2intolerantA2toA2coldA2andA2takesA2noA2interestA2inA2playing.A2
OnA2examination,A2theA2patientA2hasA2aA2shortA2statureA2withA2aA2proportionateA2body,A2a
ndA2heightA2isA2belowA2theA23rdA2percentileA2forA2age.A2OnA2examinationA2ofA2theA2headA2
andA2neck,A2sheA2hasA2frontalA2bossing,A2aA2flattenedA2nasalA2bridge,A2andA2aA2prominent
A2jawbone.A2IntellectA2levelA2isA2evaluatedA2toA2beA2belowA2average.A2WhatA2isA2theA2most
A2likelyA2pathogenesisA2ofA2thisA2patient'sA2disorder?


A)A2VitaminA2DA2deficiency
B)A2ChromosomalA2aneuploidy
C)A2GrowthA2hormoneA2hyposecretion
D)A2ThyroidA2hormoneA2hyposecretionA2-A2Ans--GrowthA2hormoneA2hypo-secretion

AA232-year-
oldA2maleA2patientA2presentsA2withA2concernsA2aboutA2fertility.A2HisA2wifeA2hasA2notA2conc
eivedA2despiteA2unprotectedA2intercourseA2forA22A2years.A2HeA2reportsA2erectileA2dysfuncti
on.A2TheA2wifeA2wasA2workedA2upA2forA2infertilityA2andA2didA2notA2haveA2anyA2abnormalitie
s.A2SerumA2levelsA2ofA2estradiol,A2FSH,A2andA2LHA2areA2elevated.A2SerumA2testosteroneA2
levelA2isA2low.A2KaryotypingA2showsA2anA2extraA2XA2chromosome.A2PhysicalA2examination
A2ofA2theA2patientA2isA2mostA2likelyA2toA2showA2whatA2additionalA2features?


A)A2ShortA2extremities
B)A2SmallA2andA2firmA2testis

, C)A2ShortA2stature
D)A2MaleA2patternA2ofA2hairA2distributionA2-A2Ans--SmallA2andA2firmA2testis

AA232-year-
oldA2maleA2patientA2presentsA2withA2concernsA2aboutA2fertility.A2HisA2wifeA2hasA2notA2conc
eivedA2despiteA2unprotectedA2intercourseA2forA22A2years.A2HeA2reportsA2erectileA2dysfuncti
on.A2TheA2wifeA2wasA2workedA2upA2forA2infertilityA2andA2didA2notA2haveA2anyA2abnormalitie
s.A2SerumA2levelsA2ofA2estradiol,A2FSH,A2andA2LHA2areA2elevated.A2SerumA2testosteroneA2
levelA2isA2low.A2WhatA2isA2theA2mostA2likelyA2pathogenesisA2ofA2thisA2patient'sA2disorder?

A)A2GrowthA2hormoneA2resistance
B)A2DelayedA2puberty
C)A2ChromosomalA2aneuploidy
D)A2GrowthA2hormoneA2hypersecretionA2-A2Ans--ChromosomalA2aneuploidy

AA232-year-
oldA2maleA2patientA2presentsA2withA2concernsA2aboutA2fertility.A2HisA2wifeA2hasA2notA2conc
eivedA2despiteA2unprotectedA2intercourseA2forA22A2years.A2HeA2reportsA2erectileA2dysfuncti
on.A2TheA2wifeA2wasA2workedA2upA2forA2infertilityA2andA2didA2notA2haveA2anyA2abnormalitie
s.A2SerumA2levelsA2ofA2estradiol,A2FSH,A2andA2LHA2areA2elevated.A2SerumA2testosteroneA2
levelA2isA2low.A2KaryotypingA2showsA2anA2extraA2XA2chromosome.A2What'sA2theA2mostA2lik
elyA2diagnosis?

A)A2TesticularA2agenesis
B)A2DelayedA2puberty
C)A2KlinefelterA2syndrome
D)A2TurnerA2syndromeA2-A2Ans--KlinefelterA2syndrome

AA248-year-
oldA2femaleA2patientA2presentsA2withA2recentA2unexplainedA2weightA2loss,A2lethargy,A2mus
cleA2andA2jointA2pain,A2abdominalA2pain,A2nauseaA2andA2vomiting,A2amenorrhea,A2andA2sa
ltA2cravings.A2OnA2physicalA2examination,A2thereA2isA2hyperpigmentationA2ofA2herA2skinA2a
ndA2mucousA2membranesA2andA2generalizedA2abdominalA2pain.A2BloodA2pressureA285/60
A2mmA2Hg.A2HerA2laboratoryA2resultsA2showA2hyponatremiaA2andA2hyperkalemia.A2SerumA
2ACTHA2levelA2isA2elevated.A2WhatA2isA2theA2mostA2likelyA2anatomicA2siteA2ofA2thisA2pathol
ogy?

A)A2AdrenalA2medulla
B)A2AdrenalA2cortex
C)A2PituitaryA2gland
D)A2HypothalamusA2-A2Ans--AdrenalA2cortex

AA248-year-
oldA2femaleA2patientA2presentsA2withA2recentA2unexplainedA2weightA2loss,A2lethargy,A2mus
cleA2andA2jointA2pain,A2abdominalA2pain,A2nauseaA2andA2vomiting,A2amenorrhea,A2andA2sa
ltA2cravings.A2OnA2physicalA2examination,A2thereA2isA2hyperpigmentationA2ofA2herA2skinA2a