Nursing Pharmacology – Kaplan
Pharmacology Integrated Exam,
Comprehensive Practice Questions with
Answers
The nurse prepares to administer digoxin 0.01 mg/kg PO to a 2-month-old
infant. The infant weighs 5 kg.The sleeping infant's apical pulse is 70 bpm. The
nurse takes which most appropriate action? - ✔✔ ANSWER ✔✔-Withholds
the medication and notifies the health care provider immediately.
Digoxin belongs to the class of medicines called digitalis glycosides. It is used to
improve the strength and efficiency of the heart, or to control the rate and
rhythm of the heartbeat. This leads to better blood circulation and reduced
swelling of the hands and ankles in patients with heart problems.. It is used to
treat congestive heart failure, usually in combination with a diuretic (water pill)
and an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It is also used to treat a
heart rhythm problem called atrial fibrillation.
What is a normal apical pulse for an infant?
newborn: 100-170 bpm. 6 months to 1 year: 90-130 bpm. 2 to 3 years: 80-120
bpm. 4 to 5 years: 70-110 bpm.
,The nurse provides care for a client diagnosed with Hodgkin's disease. The
client received cyclophosphamide. Which laboratory value does the nurse
report to the healthcare provider? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Platelets 40,000 mm3
(40x10^9/L)
A normal platelet count in adults ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per
microliter of blood.
Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system,
which is part of the body's germ-fighting immune system. In Hodgkin's
lymphoma, white blood cells called lymphocytes grow out of control, causing
swollen lymph nodes and growths throughout the body.
Cyclophosphamide is used to treat cancer of the ovaries, breast, blood and
lymph system, and nerves (mainly in children). Cyclophosphamide is also used
for retinoblastoma (a type of eye cancer mainly in children), multiple myeloma
(cancer in the bone marrow), and mycosis fungoides (tumors on the skin). It
belongs to the group of cancer medicines called alkylating agents.
Cyclophosphamide is also used for some kinds of kidney disease.
Cyclophosphamide interferes with the growth of cancer cells, which are then
destroyed by the body. Since the growth of normal body cells may also be
affected by cyclophosphamide, other effects will also occur. Some of these
may be serious and must be reported to your doctor. Other effects, like hair
loss, may not be serious but may cause concern. Some effects may not occur
for months or years after the medicine is used.
The nurse instructs a client who is to take rifampin. The nursing informs the
client that which adverse effect may occur? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Orange-
colored urine
Rifampin is used together with other medicines to treat tuberculosis (TB) in
many different parts of the body. It is also used by patients who have
,meningitis bacteria in their nose or throat who do not show symptoms of the
infection to prevent the spread of the bacteria to other patients. Rifampin is in
a class of medications called antimycobacterials. It works by killing the bacteria
that cause infection. Antibiotics such as rifampin will not work for colds, flu, or
other viral infections.
What is the major adverse effect of Rifampin?
Rifampin will cause urine, saliva, sputum, sweat, teeth, and tears to turn a
reddish-orange to reddish-brown color. This is to be expected while you are
using this medicine. This effect may also cause soft contact lenses to become
permanently discolored.
Th nurse reviews laboratory reports for a client receiving digoxin and
furosemide. Which laboratory values most concern the nurse? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-K= 3.2 mEq/L (3.2 mmol) ; digoxin level= 2.2 ng/mL (2.8 n
mmol/L)
Digoxin is a type of medicine called a cardiac glycoside. It's used to control
some heart problems, such as irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias) including
atrial fibrillation. It can also help to manage the symptoms of heart failure,
usually with other medicines.
More common side effects
Dizziness
fainting
fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat or pulse
slow heartbeat
A normal Digoxin level should be 0.5 - 2 ng/mL. Any levels greater than 2
ng/mL is considered toxic.
, Furosemide belongs to a group of medicines called loop diuretics (also known
as water pills). Furosemide is given to help treat fluid retention (edema) and
swelling that is caused by congestive heart failure, liver disease, kidney
disease, or other medical conditions. It works by acting on the kidneys to
increase the flow of urine. Furosemide is also used alone or together with
other medicines to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). High blood
pressure adds to the workload of the heart and arteries. If it continues for a
long time, the heart and arteries may not function properly. This can damage
the blood vessels of the brain, heart, and kidneys, resulting in a stroke, heart
failure, or kidney failure. High blood pressure may also increase the risk of
heart attacks. These problems may be less likely to occur if blood pressure is
controlled.
The nurse instructs the client who is to take risperidone daily. Which adverse
effects are included in the teaching? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Diarrhea
(questionable) and increased salivation
Drug class: Atypical antipsychotics
Risperidone is used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or irritability
associated with autistic disorder. This medicine should not be used to treat
behavioral problems in older adults who have dementia.
Common risperidone side effects include nausea, constipation, and dry mouth.
More serious side effects include movement problems, hyperprolactinemia,
and a greater risk of falls.
What are the adverse effects of antipsychotics?
These effects include:
antimuscarinic effects
bed-wetting
blood disorders
Pharmacology Integrated Exam,
Comprehensive Practice Questions with
Answers
The nurse prepares to administer digoxin 0.01 mg/kg PO to a 2-month-old
infant. The infant weighs 5 kg.The sleeping infant's apical pulse is 70 bpm. The
nurse takes which most appropriate action? - ✔✔ ANSWER ✔✔-Withholds
the medication and notifies the health care provider immediately.
Digoxin belongs to the class of medicines called digitalis glycosides. It is used to
improve the strength and efficiency of the heart, or to control the rate and
rhythm of the heartbeat. This leads to better blood circulation and reduced
swelling of the hands and ankles in patients with heart problems.. It is used to
treat congestive heart failure, usually in combination with a diuretic (water pill)
and an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. It is also used to treat a
heart rhythm problem called atrial fibrillation.
What is a normal apical pulse for an infant?
newborn: 100-170 bpm. 6 months to 1 year: 90-130 bpm. 2 to 3 years: 80-120
bpm. 4 to 5 years: 70-110 bpm.
,The nurse provides care for a client diagnosed with Hodgkin's disease. The
client received cyclophosphamide. Which laboratory value does the nurse
report to the healthcare provider? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Platelets 40,000 mm3
(40x10^9/L)
A normal platelet count in adults ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per
microliter of blood.
Hodgkin's lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system,
which is part of the body's germ-fighting immune system. In Hodgkin's
lymphoma, white blood cells called lymphocytes grow out of control, causing
swollen lymph nodes and growths throughout the body.
Cyclophosphamide is used to treat cancer of the ovaries, breast, blood and
lymph system, and nerves (mainly in children). Cyclophosphamide is also used
for retinoblastoma (a type of eye cancer mainly in children), multiple myeloma
(cancer in the bone marrow), and mycosis fungoides (tumors on the skin). It
belongs to the group of cancer medicines called alkylating agents.
Cyclophosphamide is also used for some kinds of kidney disease.
Cyclophosphamide interferes with the growth of cancer cells, which are then
destroyed by the body. Since the growth of normal body cells may also be
affected by cyclophosphamide, other effects will also occur. Some of these
may be serious and must be reported to your doctor. Other effects, like hair
loss, may not be serious but may cause concern. Some effects may not occur
for months or years after the medicine is used.
The nurse instructs a client who is to take rifampin. The nursing informs the
client that which adverse effect may occur? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Orange-
colored urine
Rifampin is used together with other medicines to treat tuberculosis (TB) in
many different parts of the body. It is also used by patients who have
,meningitis bacteria in their nose or throat who do not show symptoms of the
infection to prevent the spread of the bacteria to other patients. Rifampin is in
a class of medications called antimycobacterials. It works by killing the bacteria
that cause infection. Antibiotics such as rifampin will not work for colds, flu, or
other viral infections.
What is the major adverse effect of Rifampin?
Rifampin will cause urine, saliva, sputum, sweat, teeth, and tears to turn a
reddish-orange to reddish-brown color. This is to be expected while you are
using this medicine. This effect may also cause soft contact lenses to become
permanently discolored.
Th nurse reviews laboratory reports for a client receiving digoxin and
furosemide. Which laboratory values most concern the nurse? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-K= 3.2 mEq/L (3.2 mmol) ; digoxin level= 2.2 ng/mL (2.8 n
mmol/L)
Digoxin is a type of medicine called a cardiac glycoside. It's used to control
some heart problems, such as irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias) including
atrial fibrillation. It can also help to manage the symptoms of heart failure,
usually with other medicines.
More common side effects
Dizziness
fainting
fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat or pulse
slow heartbeat
A normal Digoxin level should be 0.5 - 2 ng/mL. Any levels greater than 2
ng/mL is considered toxic.
, Furosemide belongs to a group of medicines called loop diuretics (also known
as water pills). Furosemide is given to help treat fluid retention (edema) and
swelling that is caused by congestive heart failure, liver disease, kidney
disease, or other medical conditions. It works by acting on the kidneys to
increase the flow of urine. Furosemide is also used alone or together with
other medicines to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). High blood
pressure adds to the workload of the heart and arteries. If it continues for a
long time, the heart and arteries may not function properly. This can damage
the blood vessels of the brain, heart, and kidneys, resulting in a stroke, heart
failure, or kidney failure. High blood pressure may also increase the risk of
heart attacks. These problems may be less likely to occur if blood pressure is
controlled.
The nurse instructs the client who is to take risperidone daily. Which adverse
effects are included in the teaching? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Diarrhea
(questionable) and increased salivation
Drug class: Atypical antipsychotics
Risperidone is used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or irritability
associated with autistic disorder. This medicine should not be used to treat
behavioral problems in older adults who have dementia.
Common risperidone side effects include nausea, constipation, and dry mouth.
More serious side effects include movement problems, hyperprolactinemia,
and a greater risk of falls.
What are the adverse effects of antipsychotics?
These effects include:
antimuscarinic effects
bed-wetting
blood disorders
