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What is sociology? ✔Correct Answer--the comparative, historical, interdisciplinary study of society
and social life
Two levels of sociology ✔Correct Answer--society - focused on the
components of society and how they are
interrelated, how they change, and how they come to shape our collective social existence
biography - focused on how the behavior, thoughts, and emotions of individuals are created and
modified by the social and cultural conditions in which they live
What two perspectives are used to look at sociology? ✔Correct Answer--Science - uses the
categories, classifications,
and concepts that are real, meaningful, and
appropriate to science
Participants - uses the categories, classifications, and concepts that are real, meaningful, and
appropriate to the participants
Major social sciences( UNIDIMENSIONAL) ✔Correct Answer--Geography - Biophysical Environment
Economics - Material Wealth
Political Science -- Government
Major social sciences( MULTIDIMENSIONAL) ✔Correct Answer--Anthropology - Culture
History - Written Record
Sociology - Social Organization
The Italian invasion of Ethiopia, the American bombing of North Viet Nam, the assault of
civil rights workers in Birmingham, Alabama, and the tragedy of 9-11 are all the same in
that they all illustrate the basic sociological principle that . . ✔Correct Answer--External aggression
intensifies the internal solidarity of a social group
Sociology is... ✔Correct Answer--1. Social Facts
- Study of what is, not what should be
2. Theoretical
- Theory = explanation
- Basic science, not applied application
3. Collective
- Group, tribe, family, social class, society,
community, sorority, gang, etc.
4. Multidimensional
- All aspects of society and social life
5. Historical
-The past is always present
6. Comparative
- Compared to what?
Ethnocentriscm ✔Correct Answer--the view of things in which one's own group is the center of
everything and all others are scaled and rated with reference to
, it
cultual relativism ✔Correct Answer--norms and beliefs and
social customs are to be understood in relation to the particular society in which they are found
Nanook of the north ✔Correct Answer--this film was made on location in Baffin Island (between
Canada and Greenland). It premiered 1922. This film was the creation of Robert Flaherty, an
American who lived among the Inuit for several years. It is generally regarded as the first social
documentary film. When the National Archives began archiving classic American films, "Nanook of
the North" was one of the first archived.
it doesn't teach us much about the life of women and completely
neglects the European exploitation and transformation of Inuit culture.
What are basic human needs? ✔Correct Answer--Food
Clothing
Shelter
Providing for the next generation of workers
What are the material conditions of society? ✔Correct Answer--Mode of production
Mode of reproduction
Biophysical and social environments
What is mode of production? ✔Correct Answer--Subsistence technology
Economic system
What is subsistence technology? ✔Correct Answer--information, tools, and practices
people use to exploit the biophysical environment to satisfy basic human needs
What is the economic system? ✔Correct Answer--The way the society produces and distributes
goods and services
Division of labor in producing
Power in distributing
What is mode of reproduction? ✔Correct Answer--Information, tools, and practices
people employ to control the size and composition of the population
What is biophysical environment? ✔Correct Answer--Resources and constraints of the natural
biological and physical environment
Flora, fauna, terrain, climate, soil, water, minerals, etc.
What is social environment? ✔Correct Answer--The pattern of interrelationships with other
societies
what is social organization? ✔Correct Answer--Pattern of relationships among the population that
results in the way the society is organized
family system
military system