HESI FUNDAMENTALS EXAM WITH
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS||
ALREADY GRADED A+|| GUARANTEED PASS||
LATEST UPDATE 2025
A female client with frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) asks the nurse to
explain her friend's advice about drinking a glass of juice daily to prevent future
UTIs. Which response is best for the nurse to provide?
A. Orange juice has vitamin C that deters bacterial growth.
B. Apple juice is the most useful in acidifying the urine.
C. Cranberry juice stops pathogens' adherence to the bladder.
D. Grapefruit juice increases absorption of most antibiotics. - ANSWER-C
Rationale: Cranberry juice maintains urinary tract health by reducing the
adherence of Escherichia coli bacteria to cells within the bladder. Options A, B,
and D have not been shown to be as effective as cranberry juice in preventing
UTIs.
The nurse is counting a client's respiratory rate. During a 30-second interval, the
nurse counts six respirations and the client coughs three times. In repeating the
count for a second 30-second interval, the nurse counts eight respirations.
Which respiratory rate should the nurse document?
A. 14
B. 16
C. 17
D. 28 - ANSWER-B
,Rationale: The most accurate respiratory rate is the second count obtained by
the nurse, which was not interrupted by coughing. Because it was counted for
30 seconds, the rate should be doubled. Options A, C, and D are inaccurate
recordings.
The nurse is teaching an obese client, newly diagnosed with arteriosclerosis,
about reducing the risk of a heart attack or stroke. Which health promotion
brochure is most important for the nurse to provide to this client?
A. "Monitoring Your Blood Pressure at Home"
B. "Smoking Cessation as a Lifelong Commitment"
C. "Decreasing Cholesterol Levels Through Diet"
D. "Stress Management for a Healthier You" - ANSWER-C
Rationale: A health promotion brochure about decreasing cholesterol is most
important to provide this client, because the most significant risk factor
contributing to development of arteriosclerosis is excess dietary fat, particularly
saturated fat and cholesterol. Option A does not address the underlying causes
of arteriosclerosis. Options B and D are also important factors for reversing
arteriosclerosis but are not as important as lowering cholesterol.
The nurse finds a client crying behind a locked bathroom door. The client will
not open the door. Which action should the nurse implement first?
A. Instruct an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to stay and keep talking to
the client.
B. Sit quietly in the client's room until the client leaves the bathroom.
C. Allow the client to cry alone and leave the client in the bathroom.
D. Talk to the client and attempt to find out why the client is crying. -
ANSWER-D
Rationale: The nurse's first concern should be for the client's safety, so an
immediate assessment of the client's situation is needed. Option A is incorrect;
the nurse should implement the intervention. The nurse may offer to stay nearby
after first assessing the situation more fully. Although option C may be correct,
the nurse should determine if the client's safety is compromised and offer
assistance, even if it is refused.
,A client in a long-term care facility reports to the nurse that he has not had a
bowel movement in 2 days. Which intervention should the nurse implement
first?
A. Instruct the caregiver to offer a glass of warm prune juice at mealtimes.
B. Notify the health care provider and request a prescription for a large-volume
enema.
C. Assess the client's medical record to determine the client's normal bowel
pattern.
D. Instruct the caregiver to increase the client's fluids to five 8-ounce glasses per
day. - ANSWER-C
Rationale: This client may not routinely have a daily bowel movement, so the
nurse should first assess this client's normal bowel habits before attempting any
intervention. Option A, B, or D may then be implemented, if warranted.
A 65-year-old client who attends an adult daycare program and is wheelchair-
mobile has redness in the sacral area. Which instruction is most important for
the nurse to provide?
A. Take a vitamin supplement tablet once a day.
B. Change positions in the chair at least every hour.
C. Increase daily intake of water or other oral fluids.
D. Purchase a newer model wheelchair. - ANSWER-B
Rationale: The most important teaching is to change positions frequently
because pressure is the most significant factor related to the development of
pressure ulcers. Increased vitamin and fluid intake may also be beneficial and
promote healing and reduce further risk. Option D is an intervention of last
resort because this will be very expensive for the client.
The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has
the greatest nutritional need for additional intake of protein?
A) A college-age track runner with a sprained ankle.
, B) A lactating woman nursing her 3-day-old infant.
C) A school-aged child with Type 2 diabetes.
D) An elderly man being treated for a peptic ulcer. - ANSWER-B) A lactating
woman nursing her 3-day-old infant
A lactating woman (B) has the greatest need for additional protein intake. (A, C,
and D) are all conditions that require protein, but do not have the increased
metabolic protein demands of lactation
An older client who is a resident in a long term care facility has been bedridden
for a week. Which finding should the nurse identify as a client risk factor for
pressure ulcers?
A) Generalized dry skin.
B) Localized dry skin on lower extremities.
C) Red flush over entire skin surface.
D) Rashes in the axillary, groin, and skin fold regions - ANSWER-D) Rashes in
the axillary, groin, and skin fold regions
Immobility, constant contact with bed clothing, and excessive heat and moisture
in areas where air flow is limited contributes to bacterial and fungal growth,
which increases the risk for rashes (D), skin breakdown, and the development of
pressure ulcers. (A, B, and C) do not address the concepts of inflammation and
tissue integrity
An Arab-American woman, who is a devout traditional Muslim, lives with her
married son's family, which includes several adult children and their children.
What is the best plan to obtain consent for surgery for this client?
A) Obtain an interpreter to explain the procedure to the client.
B) Encourage the client to make her own decision regarding surgery.
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS||
ALREADY GRADED A+|| GUARANTEED PASS||
LATEST UPDATE 2025
A female client with frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) asks the nurse to
explain her friend's advice about drinking a glass of juice daily to prevent future
UTIs. Which response is best for the nurse to provide?
A. Orange juice has vitamin C that deters bacterial growth.
B. Apple juice is the most useful in acidifying the urine.
C. Cranberry juice stops pathogens' adherence to the bladder.
D. Grapefruit juice increases absorption of most antibiotics. - ANSWER-C
Rationale: Cranberry juice maintains urinary tract health by reducing the
adherence of Escherichia coli bacteria to cells within the bladder. Options A, B,
and D have not been shown to be as effective as cranberry juice in preventing
UTIs.
The nurse is counting a client's respiratory rate. During a 30-second interval, the
nurse counts six respirations and the client coughs three times. In repeating the
count for a second 30-second interval, the nurse counts eight respirations.
Which respiratory rate should the nurse document?
A. 14
B. 16
C. 17
D. 28 - ANSWER-B
,Rationale: The most accurate respiratory rate is the second count obtained by
the nurse, which was not interrupted by coughing. Because it was counted for
30 seconds, the rate should be doubled. Options A, C, and D are inaccurate
recordings.
The nurse is teaching an obese client, newly diagnosed with arteriosclerosis,
about reducing the risk of a heart attack or stroke. Which health promotion
brochure is most important for the nurse to provide to this client?
A. "Monitoring Your Blood Pressure at Home"
B. "Smoking Cessation as a Lifelong Commitment"
C. "Decreasing Cholesterol Levels Through Diet"
D. "Stress Management for a Healthier You" - ANSWER-C
Rationale: A health promotion brochure about decreasing cholesterol is most
important to provide this client, because the most significant risk factor
contributing to development of arteriosclerosis is excess dietary fat, particularly
saturated fat and cholesterol. Option A does not address the underlying causes
of arteriosclerosis. Options B and D are also important factors for reversing
arteriosclerosis but are not as important as lowering cholesterol.
The nurse finds a client crying behind a locked bathroom door. The client will
not open the door. Which action should the nurse implement first?
A. Instruct an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to stay and keep talking to
the client.
B. Sit quietly in the client's room until the client leaves the bathroom.
C. Allow the client to cry alone and leave the client in the bathroom.
D. Talk to the client and attempt to find out why the client is crying. -
ANSWER-D
Rationale: The nurse's first concern should be for the client's safety, so an
immediate assessment of the client's situation is needed. Option A is incorrect;
the nurse should implement the intervention. The nurse may offer to stay nearby
after first assessing the situation more fully. Although option C may be correct,
the nurse should determine if the client's safety is compromised and offer
assistance, even if it is refused.
,A client in a long-term care facility reports to the nurse that he has not had a
bowel movement in 2 days. Which intervention should the nurse implement
first?
A. Instruct the caregiver to offer a glass of warm prune juice at mealtimes.
B. Notify the health care provider and request a prescription for a large-volume
enema.
C. Assess the client's medical record to determine the client's normal bowel
pattern.
D. Instruct the caregiver to increase the client's fluids to five 8-ounce glasses per
day. - ANSWER-C
Rationale: This client may not routinely have a daily bowel movement, so the
nurse should first assess this client's normal bowel habits before attempting any
intervention. Option A, B, or D may then be implemented, if warranted.
A 65-year-old client who attends an adult daycare program and is wheelchair-
mobile has redness in the sacral area. Which instruction is most important for
the nurse to provide?
A. Take a vitamin supplement tablet once a day.
B. Change positions in the chair at least every hour.
C. Increase daily intake of water or other oral fluids.
D. Purchase a newer model wheelchair. - ANSWER-B
Rationale: The most important teaching is to change positions frequently
because pressure is the most significant factor related to the development of
pressure ulcers. Increased vitamin and fluid intake may also be beneficial and
promote healing and reduce further risk. Option D is an intervention of last
resort because this will be very expensive for the client.
The nurse is assessing the nutritional status of several clients. Which client has
the greatest nutritional need for additional intake of protein?
A) A college-age track runner with a sprained ankle.
, B) A lactating woman nursing her 3-day-old infant.
C) A school-aged child with Type 2 diabetes.
D) An elderly man being treated for a peptic ulcer. - ANSWER-B) A lactating
woman nursing her 3-day-old infant
A lactating woman (B) has the greatest need for additional protein intake. (A, C,
and D) are all conditions that require protein, but do not have the increased
metabolic protein demands of lactation
An older client who is a resident in a long term care facility has been bedridden
for a week. Which finding should the nurse identify as a client risk factor for
pressure ulcers?
A) Generalized dry skin.
B) Localized dry skin on lower extremities.
C) Red flush over entire skin surface.
D) Rashes in the axillary, groin, and skin fold regions - ANSWER-D) Rashes in
the axillary, groin, and skin fold regions
Immobility, constant contact with bed clothing, and excessive heat and moisture
in areas where air flow is limited contributes to bacterial and fungal growth,
which increases the risk for rashes (D), skin breakdown, and the development of
pressure ulcers. (A, B, and C) do not address the concepts of inflammation and
tissue integrity
An Arab-American woman, who is a devout traditional Muslim, lives with her
married son's family, which includes several adult children and their children.
What is the best plan to obtain consent for surgery for this client?
A) Obtain an interpreter to explain the procedure to the client.
B) Encourage the client to make her own decision regarding surgery.
