KUBY IMMUNOLOGY, UNIT 1:
OVERVIEW OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
EXAM
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effector response - Correct Answers -elimination or neutralization of the invader
memory response - Correct Answers -a more rapid and heightened immune reaction
upon later attack
innate immunity - Correct Answers -non-antigen specific host defences that exist prior to
exposure to an antigen and involve anatomic, physiologic, endocytic and phagocytic,
anti-microbial and inflammatory mechanisms, but exhibit no adaptation or memory.
adaptive immunity - Correct Answers -host defences that are mediated by B cells and T
cells following exposure to antigen and that exhibit specificity, diversity, memory, and
self-nonself discrimination.
vaccine - Correct Answers -an attenuated strain (weakened virulence) that can be
administered to protect against the disease
serum - Correct Answers -the liquid, non cellular component recovered from coagulated
blood
antibodies - Correct Answers -immunoglobulins with known specificity for an antigen.
glycoproteins that consist of two identical polypeptides called the heavy chains and two
shorter, identical polypeptides called the light chains. The amino-terminal ends of the
pairs of heavy and light chains form a site to which antigen binds.
active immunity - Correct Answers -adaptive immunity that is induced by natural
exposure to a pathogen or by vaccination
passive immunity - Correct Answers -adaptive immunity conferred by the transfer of
immune products, such as antibody or sensitized T cells, from an immune individual to a
nonimmune one
phagocytes - Correct Answers -cells with the capacity to internalize and degrade
microbes or antigens; neutrophils and monocytes=main ones
, cell-mediated immune response - Correct Answers -host defenses that are mediated by
antigen-specific T cells and various nonspecific cells of the immune system. It protects
against intracellular bacteria, viruses, and cancer and is responsible for graft rejection.
Transfer of ptimed T cells confers with this type of immunity on the recipient.
Granulocytes - Correct Answers -WBCs classified as neutrophils, basophils, mast cells,
or eosinophils based distinctive cytoplasmic granules
mononuclear phagocytes - Correct Answers -monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells
mast cells - Correct Answers -Cells that release chemicals (such as histamine) that
promote inflammation.
humoral immune response - Correct Answers -host defenses that are mediated by
antibody present in the plasma, lymph, and tissue fluids. It protects against extracellular
bacteria and foreign macromolecules. Transfer of antibodies confers this type of
immunity on the recipient.
lymphocyte - Correct Answers -the mononuclear leukocyte that mediates both cellular
and humoral immunity. (B and T cells)
antigen - Correct Answers -a substance that binds with a specific antibody or TCR
clonal selection - Correct Answers -the antigen-mediated activation and proliferation of
members of a clone of B cells that have receptors for the antigen (or for complexes of
MHC and peptides derived from the antigen, in the case of T cells).
pathogen - Correct Answers -organism causing disease
pathogenesis - Correct Answers -the means by which disease-causing organisms
attack a host
opportunistic infection - Correct Answers -infections caused by ubiquitous
microorganisms in cases of immune deficiency
endocytosis - Correct Answers -process by which cells ingest extracellular
macromolecules by enclosing them in a small portion of the plasma membrane, which
invaginates and is pinched off to form an intracellular vesicle containing the ingested
material
lysozyme - Correct Answers -hydrolytic enzyme found in mucous secretions and in
tears. able to cleave the peptidoglycan layer of the bacterial cell wall.
interferon - Correct Answers -a group of proteins produced by virus-infected cells
OVERVIEW OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
EXAM
Save
effector response - Correct Answers -elimination or neutralization of the invader
memory response - Correct Answers -a more rapid and heightened immune reaction
upon later attack
innate immunity - Correct Answers -non-antigen specific host defences that exist prior to
exposure to an antigen and involve anatomic, physiologic, endocytic and phagocytic,
anti-microbial and inflammatory mechanisms, but exhibit no adaptation or memory.
adaptive immunity - Correct Answers -host defences that are mediated by B cells and T
cells following exposure to antigen and that exhibit specificity, diversity, memory, and
self-nonself discrimination.
vaccine - Correct Answers -an attenuated strain (weakened virulence) that can be
administered to protect against the disease
serum - Correct Answers -the liquid, non cellular component recovered from coagulated
blood
antibodies - Correct Answers -immunoglobulins with known specificity for an antigen.
glycoproteins that consist of two identical polypeptides called the heavy chains and two
shorter, identical polypeptides called the light chains. The amino-terminal ends of the
pairs of heavy and light chains form a site to which antigen binds.
active immunity - Correct Answers -adaptive immunity that is induced by natural
exposure to a pathogen or by vaccination
passive immunity - Correct Answers -adaptive immunity conferred by the transfer of
immune products, such as antibody or sensitized T cells, from an immune individual to a
nonimmune one
phagocytes - Correct Answers -cells with the capacity to internalize and degrade
microbes or antigens; neutrophils and monocytes=main ones
, cell-mediated immune response - Correct Answers -host defenses that are mediated by
antigen-specific T cells and various nonspecific cells of the immune system. It protects
against intracellular bacteria, viruses, and cancer and is responsible for graft rejection.
Transfer of ptimed T cells confers with this type of immunity on the recipient.
Granulocytes - Correct Answers -WBCs classified as neutrophils, basophils, mast cells,
or eosinophils based distinctive cytoplasmic granules
mononuclear phagocytes - Correct Answers -monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells
mast cells - Correct Answers -Cells that release chemicals (such as histamine) that
promote inflammation.
humoral immune response - Correct Answers -host defenses that are mediated by
antibody present in the plasma, lymph, and tissue fluids. It protects against extracellular
bacteria and foreign macromolecules. Transfer of antibodies confers this type of
immunity on the recipient.
lymphocyte - Correct Answers -the mononuclear leukocyte that mediates both cellular
and humoral immunity. (B and T cells)
antigen - Correct Answers -a substance that binds with a specific antibody or TCR
clonal selection - Correct Answers -the antigen-mediated activation and proliferation of
members of a clone of B cells that have receptors for the antigen (or for complexes of
MHC and peptides derived from the antigen, in the case of T cells).
pathogen - Correct Answers -organism causing disease
pathogenesis - Correct Answers -the means by which disease-causing organisms
attack a host
opportunistic infection - Correct Answers -infections caused by ubiquitous
microorganisms in cases of immune deficiency
endocytosis - Correct Answers -process by which cells ingest extracellular
macromolecules by enclosing them in a small portion of the plasma membrane, which
invaginates and is pinched off to form an intracellular vesicle containing the ingested
material
lysozyme - Correct Answers -hydrolytic enzyme found in mucous secretions and in
tears. able to cleave the peptidoglycan layer of the bacterial cell wall.
interferon - Correct Answers -a group of proteins produced by virus-infected cells
