BIOLOGY 1407 EXAM 2 REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Define and give an example predation - Correct Answers -Killing of animals for food
Ex: cat and mouse
Define and give an example competition - Correct Answers -Individuals compete for a
resource that limits their growth and survival
Ex: lions and hyenas
Define and give an example ammensalism - Correct Answers -One is affected, the other
is damaged or destroyed
Ex: elephant and flora
Define and give an example of trophic relationships* - Correct Answers -Ex: predation
(+ / -);
Define and give an example of non-trophic relationships* - Correct Answers -Ex:
ammensalism (- / 0); elephant & flora; competition (-/-)
Define and give an example of a carnivore - Correct Answers -Predator and prey are
both animals and the prey loses its life (type of predation)
Ex: cat (predator) and mouse (prey)
Define and give an example of an herbivore - Correct Answers -Predator is an animal
and the prey is a plant or algae (type of predation)
Ex: giraffes
Define and give an example parasitism - Correct Answers -Symbiotic interaction in
which predator is a parasite and the prey is a host (parasite)
Ex: human and tapeworm
Define and give an example of aposematic color* - Correct Answers -Warning colors
that animals with chemical defenses demonstrate
Ex:
Define and give an example of resource partitioning - Correct Answers -If 2 species
share a resource, the most common mechanism; sharing limited resources by using
them in different ways, allowing them to coexist
Ex: each species of a specific lizard has a preferred perch and rarely strays from it,
remove a species and the others expand to fill that niche
, Define and give an example mutualism - Correct Answers -Symbiotic interaction where
both species benefit from the interaction (+/+)
Ex: flowering plants/pollinating insects: insect moves pollen among flowers achieving
fertilization, insect eats some of the pollen/nectar
Define and give an example of commensalism - Correct Answers -Symbiotic interaction
where one participant benefits and the other is unaffected
Ex: bird hole in a tree; vultures and lions
Describe adaptations made by prey and predators, and give examples - Correct
Answers -Prey: spines, thorns, toxins, bad taste
Predator: grinding teeth, tough mouth, tolerance of toxins
What are 2 predator and several prey strategies? - Correct Answers -Predator: venom,
intelligence
Prey: speed to flee, flight, mechanical defenses, avoiding detection, chemical defenses,
behavior (flocks and alarm calls)
What are the 2 types of mimicry? - Correct Answers -Batesian and Mullerian
Define Batesian mimicry and give an example - Correct Answers -Harmless species
looks like a dangerous species
Ex: nonpoisonous butterfly vs monarch butterfly
Define Mullerian mimicry and give an example - Correct Answers -2 or more dangerous
species resemble each other
Ex: 2 poisonous butterflies that look exactly the same
Describe several types of non-trophic competition - Correct Answers -Competition can
be for sunlight, food, water, space, nest sites, etc.
Weeds in a garden compete with garden plants for water, soil nutrients
Grasshoppers and bison compete for grass
Lynx and foxes compete for hares
How does fundamental niche differ from realized niche? - Correct Answers -A
fundamental niche is the range of all resources IT IS ABLE TO USE and a realized
niche is the range of all resources a species ACTUALLY DOES USE when sharing with
other species
Explain the difference between mutualism and commensalism - Correct Answers -In
mutualism, both species benefit; in commensalism, only one species is benefitted and
the other is unaffected
Define population and give an example* - Correct Answers -
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Define and give an example predation - Correct Answers -Killing of animals for food
Ex: cat and mouse
Define and give an example competition - Correct Answers -Individuals compete for a
resource that limits their growth and survival
Ex: lions and hyenas
Define and give an example ammensalism - Correct Answers -One is affected, the other
is damaged or destroyed
Ex: elephant and flora
Define and give an example of trophic relationships* - Correct Answers -Ex: predation
(+ / -);
Define and give an example of non-trophic relationships* - Correct Answers -Ex:
ammensalism (- / 0); elephant & flora; competition (-/-)
Define and give an example of a carnivore - Correct Answers -Predator and prey are
both animals and the prey loses its life (type of predation)
Ex: cat (predator) and mouse (prey)
Define and give an example of an herbivore - Correct Answers -Predator is an animal
and the prey is a plant or algae (type of predation)
Ex: giraffes
Define and give an example parasitism - Correct Answers -Symbiotic interaction in
which predator is a parasite and the prey is a host (parasite)
Ex: human and tapeworm
Define and give an example of aposematic color* - Correct Answers -Warning colors
that animals with chemical defenses demonstrate
Ex:
Define and give an example of resource partitioning - Correct Answers -If 2 species
share a resource, the most common mechanism; sharing limited resources by using
them in different ways, allowing them to coexist
Ex: each species of a specific lizard has a preferred perch and rarely strays from it,
remove a species and the others expand to fill that niche
, Define and give an example mutualism - Correct Answers -Symbiotic interaction where
both species benefit from the interaction (+/+)
Ex: flowering plants/pollinating insects: insect moves pollen among flowers achieving
fertilization, insect eats some of the pollen/nectar
Define and give an example of commensalism - Correct Answers -Symbiotic interaction
where one participant benefits and the other is unaffected
Ex: bird hole in a tree; vultures and lions
Describe adaptations made by prey and predators, and give examples - Correct
Answers -Prey: spines, thorns, toxins, bad taste
Predator: grinding teeth, tough mouth, tolerance of toxins
What are 2 predator and several prey strategies? - Correct Answers -Predator: venom,
intelligence
Prey: speed to flee, flight, mechanical defenses, avoiding detection, chemical defenses,
behavior (flocks and alarm calls)
What are the 2 types of mimicry? - Correct Answers -Batesian and Mullerian
Define Batesian mimicry and give an example - Correct Answers -Harmless species
looks like a dangerous species
Ex: nonpoisonous butterfly vs monarch butterfly
Define Mullerian mimicry and give an example - Correct Answers -2 or more dangerous
species resemble each other
Ex: 2 poisonous butterflies that look exactly the same
Describe several types of non-trophic competition - Correct Answers -Competition can
be for sunlight, food, water, space, nest sites, etc.
Weeds in a garden compete with garden plants for water, soil nutrients
Grasshoppers and bison compete for grass
Lynx and foxes compete for hares
How does fundamental niche differ from realized niche? - Correct Answers -A
fundamental niche is the range of all resources IT IS ABLE TO USE and a realized
niche is the range of all resources a species ACTUALLY DOES USE when sharing with
other species
Explain the difference between mutualism and commensalism - Correct Answers -In
mutualism, both species benefit; in commensalism, only one species is benefitted and
the other is unaffected
Define population and give an example* - Correct Answers -
