SPCE 611 FINAL EXAMINATION TEST FINAL
PAPER FULL SOLUTION 2026 GRADED A+.
⫸ behaviorism. Answer: A theoretical orientation based on the
premise that scientific psychology should study only observable
behavior
⫸ determinism. Answer: The universe is a lawful and orderly place in
which all phenomena occurs as the result of other events.
⫸ empiricism. Answer: the practice of objective observation and
measurement of the phenomena of interest
⫸ experiment. Answer: a controlled comparison of some measure of
the phenomena of interest under two or more different conditions in
which only one factor at a time differs from one condition to another
⫸ experimental analysis of behavior (EAB). Answer: a natural
science approach to the study of behavior as a subject matter in its
own right founded by BF Skinner
⫸ explanatory fiction. Answer: a fictitious variable that often is
simply another name for the observed behavior that contributes
nothing to an understanding of the variables responsible for
developing or maintaining the behavior (ex: saying someone doesn't
read well because they are an "underachiever"
, ⫸ functional analysis. Answer: 1. denotes demonstrations of
functional relations between environmental variables and behavior
2. experimental methodology for determining environmental variables
and contingencies maintaining problem behavior
⫸ functional relation. Answer: exists when a well-controlled
experiment reveals that a specific change in one event (dependent
variable) can reliably be produced by specific manipulations of
another event (independent variable) and that the change in the
dependent variable was unlikely to be the result of other extraneous
factors (confounding variables)
⫸ hypothetical construct. Answer: theoretical terms that refer to a
possibly existing, but at the moment unobserved process or entity;
cannot be manipulated or demonstrated in an experiment (ex: Freud's
ego, id, superego -- this is not directly observable)
⫸ mentalism. Answer: An approach to explaining behavior that
assumes that a mental, or "inner," dimension exists that differs from a
behavioral dimension and that phenomena in this dimension either
directly cause or at least mediate some forms of behavior, if not all.
⫸ methodological behaviorism. Answer: A philosophical position that
views behavioral events that cannot be publicly observed as outside
the realm of science.
PAPER FULL SOLUTION 2026 GRADED A+.
⫸ behaviorism. Answer: A theoretical orientation based on the
premise that scientific psychology should study only observable
behavior
⫸ determinism. Answer: The universe is a lawful and orderly place in
which all phenomena occurs as the result of other events.
⫸ empiricism. Answer: the practice of objective observation and
measurement of the phenomena of interest
⫸ experiment. Answer: a controlled comparison of some measure of
the phenomena of interest under two or more different conditions in
which only one factor at a time differs from one condition to another
⫸ experimental analysis of behavior (EAB). Answer: a natural
science approach to the study of behavior as a subject matter in its
own right founded by BF Skinner
⫸ explanatory fiction. Answer: a fictitious variable that often is
simply another name for the observed behavior that contributes
nothing to an understanding of the variables responsible for
developing or maintaining the behavior (ex: saying someone doesn't
read well because they are an "underachiever"
, ⫸ functional analysis. Answer: 1. denotes demonstrations of
functional relations between environmental variables and behavior
2. experimental methodology for determining environmental variables
and contingencies maintaining problem behavior
⫸ functional relation. Answer: exists when a well-controlled
experiment reveals that a specific change in one event (dependent
variable) can reliably be produced by specific manipulations of
another event (independent variable) and that the change in the
dependent variable was unlikely to be the result of other extraneous
factors (confounding variables)
⫸ hypothetical construct. Answer: theoretical terms that refer to a
possibly existing, but at the moment unobserved process or entity;
cannot be manipulated or demonstrated in an experiment (ex: Freud's
ego, id, superego -- this is not directly observable)
⫸ mentalism. Answer: An approach to explaining behavior that
assumes that a mental, or "inner," dimension exists that differs from a
behavioral dimension and that phenomena in this dimension either
directly cause or at least mediate some forms of behavior, if not all.
⫸ methodological behaviorism. Answer: A philosophical position that
views behavioral events that cannot be publicly observed as outside
the realm of science.
