BIOCHEMISTRY ACS FINAL (ALL POGILS AND LECTURES) ACTUAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE. GRADED A+. WITH QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS. LATEST 2025/2026 UPDATE

BIOCHEMISTRY ACS FINAL
(ALL POGILS AND LECTURES)
ACTUAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE.
GRADED A+. WITH QUESTIONS
AND 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS. LATEST 2025/2026
UPDATE




oxidative phosphorylation - Ans✔✔-captures the energy of high-energy
electrons to synthesize ATP



NADH and FADH2 - Ans✔✔-the flow of electrons from ______ to O2 occurs in
the electron-transport chain



exergonic; proton gradient - Ans✔✔-the _______ set of oxidation-reduction
reactions that occurs in the flow of electrons from NADH and FADH2 to O2
generates a _______



proton gradient; ATP - Ans✔✔-the ______ produced by the flow of electrons
from NADH and FADH2 to O2 is used to power the synthesis of ____

,cellular respiration - Ans✔✔-collectively, the citric acid cycle and oxidative
phosphorylation are called...



mitochondria - Ans✔✔-the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis occur in
the...



permeable to most small ions and molecules - Ans✔✔-the outer mitochondrial
membrane is _______ because of the channel protein mitochondrial porin



impermeable to most molecules - Ans✔✔-the inner mitochondrial membrane
is...



cristae - Ans✔✔-the inner mitochondria membrane is folded into ridges
called...



the inner mitochondrial membrane - Ans✔✔-the site of electron transport and
ATP synthesis



the matrix - Ans✔✔-where do the citric acid cycle and fatty acid oxidation
occur



reduction potential, Eo' - Ans✔✔-a measure of a molecule's tendency to
donate or accept electrons



reducing - Ans✔✔-a strong _______ agent readily DONATES electrons and has
a NEGATIVE Eo'

,oxidizing - Ans✔✔-a strong ______ agent readily ACCEPTS electrons and has a
POSITIVE Eo'



delta Go' = -nFdeltaEo' - Ans✔✔-what is the equation for standard free-energy
change



number of electrons transferred - Ans✔✔-what is n in the standard free-energy
change



released - Ans✔✔-energy is _____ when high-energy electrons are transferred
to oxygen



NADH; NAD + - Ans✔✔-1/2 O2 + _______ + H+ ----> H2O + _____ delta Eo' =
1.14 V delta Go' = -220.1 kJ/mol



4 - Ans✔✔-the electron transport chain is composed of ___ large protein
complexes



a proton gradient - Ans✔✔-electron flow within the complexes in the inner-
mitochondrial membrane generate...



NADH and FADH2 - Ans✔✔-the electrons donated by ____ are passed to
electron carriers in the proton complexes



the movement of protons back over - Ans✔✔-what occurs in complex IV

, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) ,iron-sulfer proteins, cytochromes, coenzyme Q -
Ans✔✔-what are the electron carriers in the electron transport chain



cytochromes - Ans✔✔-iron incorporated into hemes that are embedded in
proteins



complex I - Ans✔✔-where does NADH enter the electron transport chain



complex II - Ans✔✔-where does FADH2 enter the electron transport chain



the Q-cycle - Ans✔✔-where to NADH and FADH2 feed into



down - Ans✔✔-electrons flow ____ the chain (directional flow)



coenzyme Q - Ans✔✔-binds protons (QH2) as well as electrons, and can exist in
several oxidation states



Q pool - Ans✔✔-oxidized and reduced Q are present in the inner mitochondrial
membrane in what is called the....



quinone - Ans✔✔-what does Q stand for



2 electrons; 2 H+ - Ans✔✔-Q + ____ + _____ --> QH2


3 large protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane -
Ans✔✔-electrons flow from NADH to O2 through...