12/7/25, 7:11 AM NGR6141 Advanced Patho - Exam 2 Objectives Flashcards | Quizlet
Science Biology Immunology
NGR6141 Advanced Patho - Exam 2 Objectives
Leave the first rating
Students also studied
exam 3 2nd class and 1 st part BIO exam 3. Ch 34: The Immune S
48 terms 47 terms 73 terms
twiceminasang Preview verodauer Preview RealJune
Terms in this set (36)
- It is the first line of defense, regulates body temp, immune
response
- provides a protective barrier between the host and the outside
environment, and the linings of the internal body organs help
1a. How does the skin protect us
absorb substances into the body, excrete waste products, and
against antigens in the
secrete substances into body cavities.
environment?
- this tissue covers most internal and external surfaces of the
body.
1b. What kinds of cells play a
- The functions include protection, absorption, secretion, and
role in this process?
excretion
- provide biochemical barriers by synthesizing and secreting
substances meant to trap of destroy microorganisms. i.e. Mucus,
earwax, goblet cells, saliva, tears.
- Keratinocytes - produce keratin (scleroprotein - protection
from stress)
- Melanocyte - produces melanin, shields UV radiation,
1c. What kinds of epidermal cells
determines skin color
play a role in the protecting us
- Langerhans Cells - migrate from bone marrow, initiates immune
from antigens?
response with dendrites
- Merkel Cells - "touch receptors" slowly adapting
mechanoreceptors
- Fibroblasts - generate connective tissue, for wound healing
- Mast Cells - release histamine, hypersensitivity and immune FX
1d. What kinds of dermal cells
- Magrophanges - Phagocytotic, partial role in immune
play a role in the protecting us
response, wound healing
from antigens?
- Histocytes - in loose connective tissue, Machrophange,
phagocytes pigments and debris of inflammation
- Nails: protective keratinized plates
- Sebaceous Glands: secrete sebum, oils skin/hair, prevents
1e. Other types of 'skin' cells that
drying
protect us from antigens?
- Eccrine Sweat Glands: thermoregulate/ cool the body,
evaporation
https://quizlet.com/165782609/ngr6141-advanced-patho-exam-2-objectives-flash-cards/?funnelUUID=ba73dc77-2cc7-483c-98df-30359ad8f359 1/10
, 12/7/25, 7:11 AM NGR6141 Advanced Patho - Exam 2 Objectives Flashcards | Quizlet
2. In allergic contact dermatitis, - Allergan comes into contact with the skin bound to a carrier
how does the body recognize protein, forming a hapten-specific sensitizing antigen
the antigen? Think about how - Langerhans cells process antigen and carry it to T-Cells
the immune response and the - T-Cells become sensitized to antigen, releasing cytokines and
cells involved. chemokine leading to leukocyte infiltration and inflammation
- A condition known as RINGWORM that is a fungal infection of
the skin caused by Trichophyton or mircosporum, classified
according to the location.
results in a circular, clearly circumscribed, mildly erythematous
3. What is Tinea Corpis?
(pink to red) scaly patches with a slightly elevated "ring-like"
boarder, rash and itching or areas no covered by hair
- Commonly found on scalp, feet, face, hands and groin
Source: kittens, puppies, lesion to lesion contact
- A chronic hereditary skin disease characterized by intense
itching inflamed skin which causes redness swelling cracking
4. What are signs and symptoms
crusting and scaling. Aka Atopic Eczema. Severe Puritis
of atopic dermatitis?
- Lichenification - thickening of the epidermis from constant
itching and scar tissue formation
a) Malignant bone forming tumor, most often in bone marrow.
5. Where do these cancers
originate: (chap 12 p367)
b) CA from epithelial cells, surface, tumor of skin
a) Osteogenic sarcoma -
c) CA from Mesenchymal origin, Granular leukocytes and
precursors, slow proliferation of malignant cells, located in bone
b) Basal cell carcinoma -
marrow
c) Multiple myeloma -
d) CA from Glandular or ductal epithelium, tumor from from
epithelial cells with a glandular patterns, effects ducts and
d) Adenocarcinoma -
glands
- biochemical markers that are sensitive to specific types of
tumors and are used to screen, diagnosed, assess the prognosis
and treatment, and monitor reoccurrences.
6. What is meant by tumor cell found in the blood, CSF and urine.
markers? (Mod 8a - p372) - produced by benign or malignant tumors
- include hormones, enzymes, genes, antigens, antibodies
example: Liver and Germ cell tumors - secrete alpha fetoprotein
into blood; Prostate Tumors secrete PSA into blood stream
- Active processes by which cells self-destruct in normal and
pathological tissues.
This self-destruct mechanism, is triggered by diverse stimuli,
including normal development and excessive growth (see
Chapter 2).
- Death by apoptosis causes loss of cells in many pathologic
states including the following: severe cell injury, accumulation of
7. Describe apoptosis: (chap 2 p misfiled proteins, infection (viral mostly) and obstruction in tissue
92) ducts
- Increased apoptosis is known to occur in several
neurodegenerative diseases, ischemic injury (such as myocardial
infarction and stroke), and death of virus-infected cells in many
viral infections.
- The pathway to apoptosis is often disabled in advanced
cancers.
- Induced by Tumor Suppressor Gene (p 53)
https://quizlet.com/165782609/ngr6141-advanced-patho-exam-2-objectives-flash-cards/?funnelUUID=ba73dc77-2cc7-483c-98df-30359ad8f359 2/10
Science Biology Immunology
NGR6141 Advanced Patho - Exam 2 Objectives
Leave the first rating
Students also studied
exam 3 2nd class and 1 st part BIO exam 3. Ch 34: The Immune S
48 terms 47 terms 73 terms
twiceminasang Preview verodauer Preview RealJune
Terms in this set (36)
- It is the first line of defense, regulates body temp, immune
response
- provides a protective barrier between the host and the outside
environment, and the linings of the internal body organs help
1a. How does the skin protect us
absorb substances into the body, excrete waste products, and
against antigens in the
secrete substances into body cavities.
environment?
- this tissue covers most internal and external surfaces of the
body.
1b. What kinds of cells play a
- The functions include protection, absorption, secretion, and
role in this process?
excretion
- provide biochemical barriers by synthesizing and secreting
substances meant to trap of destroy microorganisms. i.e. Mucus,
earwax, goblet cells, saliva, tears.
- Keratinocytes - produce keratin (scleroprotein - protection
from stress)
- Melanocyte - produces melanin, shields UV radiation,
1c. What kinds of epidermal cells
determines skin color
play a role in the protecting us
- Langerhans Cells - migrate from bone marrow, initiates immune
from antigens?
response with dendrites
- Merkel Cells - "touch receptors" slowly adapting
mechanoreceptors
- Fibroblasts - generate connective tissue, for wound healing
- Mast Cells - release histamine, hypersensitivity and immune FX
1d. What kinds of dermal cells
- Magrophanges - Phagocytotic, partial role in immune
play a role in the protecting us
response, wound healing
from antigens?
- Histocytes - in loose connective tissue, Machrophange,
phagocytes pigments and debris of inflammation
- Nails: protective keratinized plates
- Sebaceous Glands: secrete sebum, oils skin/hair, prevents
1e. Other types of 'skin' cells that
drying
protect us from antigens?
- Eccrine Sweat Glands: thermoregulate/ cool the body,
evaporation
https://quizlet.com/165782609/ngr6141-advanced-patho-exam-2-objectives-flash-cards/?funnelUUID=ba73dc77-2cc7-483c-98df-30359ad8f359 1/10
, 12/7/25, 7:11 AM NGR6141 Advanced Patho - Exam 2 Objectives Flashcards | Quizlet
2. In allergic contact dermatitis, - Allergan comes into contact with the skin bound to a carrier
how does the body recognize protein, forming a hapten-specific sensitizing antigen
the antigen? Think about how - Langerhans cells process antigen and carry it to T-Cells
the immune response and the - T-Cells become sensitized to antigen, releasing cytokines and
cells involved. chemokine leading to leukocyte infiltration and inflammation
- A condition known as RINGWORM that is a fungal infection of
the skin caused by Trichophyton or mircosporum, classified
according to the location.
results in a circular, clearly circumscribed, mildly erythematous
3. What is Tinea Corpis?
(pink to red) scaly patches with a slightly elevated "ring-like"
boarder, rash and itching or areas no covered by hair
- Commonly found on scalp, feet, face, hands and groin
Source: kittens, puppies, lesion to lesion contact
- A chronic hereditary skin disease characterized by intense
itching inflamed skin which causes redness swelling cracking
4. What are signs and symptoms
crusting and scaling. Aka Atopic Eczema. Severe Puritis
of atopic dermatitis?
- Lichenification - thickening of the epidermis from constant
itching and scar tissue formation
a) Malignant bone forming tumor, most often in bone marrow.
5. Where do these cancers
originate: (chap 12 p367)
b) CA from epithelial cells, surface, tumor of skin
a) Osteogenic sarcoma -
c) CA from Mesenchymal origin, Granular leukocytes and
precursors, slow proliferation of malignant cells, located in bone
b) Basal cell carcinoma -
marrow
c) Multiple myeloma -
d) CA from Glandular or ductal epithelium, tumor from from
epithelial cells with a glandular patterns, effects ducts and
d) Adenocarcinoma -
glands
- biochemical markers that are sensitive to specific types of
tumors and are used to screen, diagnosed, assess the prognosis
and treatment, and monitor reoccurrences.
6. What is meant by tumor cell found in the blood, CSF and urine.
markers? (Mod 8a - p372) - produced by benign or malignant tumors
- include hormones, enzymes, genes, antigens, antibodies
example: Liver and Germ cell tumors - secrete alpha fetoprotein
into blood; Prostate Tumors secrete PSA into blood stream
- Active processes by which cells self-destruct in normal and
pathological tissues.
This self-destruct mechanism, is triggered by diverse stimuli,
including normal development and excessive growth (see
Chapter 2).
- Death by apoptosis causes loss of cells in many pathologic
states including the following: severe cell injury, accumulation of
7. Describe apoptosis: (chap 2 p misfiled proteins, infection (viral mostly) and obstruction in tissue
92) ducts
- Increased apoptosis is known to occur in several
neurodegenerative diseases, ischemic injury (such as myocardial
infarction and stroke), and death of virus-infected cells in many
viral infections.
- The pathway to apoptosis is often disabled in advanced
cancers.
- Induced by Tumor Suppressor Gene (p 53)
https://quizlet.com/165782609/ngr6141-advanced-patho-exam-2-objectives-flash-cards/?funnelUUID=ba73dc77-2cc7-483c-98df-30359ad8f359 2/10
