HS 301 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025/2026
In which of the following study designs is the outcome in a group compared both before and
after an assigned intervention?
Select one:
A. Within-group design
B. Between-group design
C. Factorial design
D. Random assignment - Answers A. Within-group design
True or False? A placebo is an active substance or treatment given to satisfy a patient's
expectation of treatment.
Select one:
True
False - Answers False
__________ refers to a conclusion about the causal relationship between an exposure and
outcome.
Select one:
A. Statistical inference
B. Confidence interval
C. Causal inference
D. Indirect causal association - Answers C. Causal inference
Which of the following methods of hypothesis formulation states that the frequency or strength
of a risk factor varies with frequency of the disease or condition?
Select one:
A. Method of difference
B. Method of agreement
C. Method of concomitant variation
D. Method of consistency of association - Answers C. Method of concomitant variation
, An epidemic that begins with one source then spreads from person to person is called a:
Select one:
A. common-source epidemic.
B. propagated epidemic.
C. disease cluster.
D. mixed epidemic. - Answers D. mixed epidemic.
True or False? In a sentinel event, the disease or adverse health outcome has a known cause.
Select one:
True
False - Answers True
According to the Health Belief Model, the application of which concept involves defining how,
where, and when action should be taken?
Select one:
A. Perceived susceptibility
B. Perceived benefits
C. Self-efficacy
D. Perceived severity - Answers B. Perceived benefits
Which of the following is an exposure risk for the cardiovascular system?
Select one:
A. Carbon monoxide
B. Arsenic
C. Lead
D. Methanol - Answers A. Carbon monoxide
Which type of study design can answer two questions for the price of one?
Select one:
A. Run-in design
In which of the following study designs is the outcome in a group compared both before and
after an assigned intervention?
Select one:
A. Within-group design
B. Between-group design
C. Factorial design
D. Random assignment - Answers A. Within-group design
True or False? A placebo is an active substance or treatment given to satisfy a patient's
expectation of treatment.
Select one:
True
False - Answers False
__________ refers to a conclusion about the causal relationship between an exposure and
outcome.
Select one:
A. Statistical inference
B. Confidence interval
C. Causal inference
D. Indirect causal association - Answers C. Causal inference
Which of the following methods of hypothesis formulation states that the frequency or strength
of a risk factor varies with frequency of the disease or condition?
Select one:
A. Method of difference
B. Method of agreement
C. Method of concomitant variation
D. Method of consistency of association - Answers C. Method of concomitant variation
, An epidemic that begins with one source then spreads from person to person is called a:
Select one:
A. common-source epidemic.
B. propagated epidemic.
C. disease cluster.
D. mixed epidemic. - Answers D. mixed epidemic.
True or False? In a sentinel event, the disease or adverse health outcome has a known cause.
Select one:
True
False - Answers True
According to the Health Belief Model, the application of which concept involves defining how,
where, and when action should be taken?
Select one:
A. Perceived susceptibility
B. Perceived benefits
C. Self-efficacy
D. Perceived severity - Answers B. Perceived benefits
Which of the following is an exposure risk for the cardiovascular system?
Select one:
A. Carbon monoxide
B. Arsenic
C. Lead
D. Methanol - Answers A. Carbon monoxide
Which type of study design can answer two questions for the price of one?
Select one:
A. Run-in design
