CHAPTER-12 * THERMODYNAMICS
&
Conversion of heat--work
Thermodynamic system & Gas cylinder Baundary
N
-
system surrounding
Energy matter
↑ OPEN SYSTEM - -
2 CLOSED SYSTEM - X
3 ISOLATED SYSTEM X X
THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM = Two bodies are said to be thermal equilibrium
when no heat flows from one body to another body,
when both bodies are at the same temp .
zeroth law of thermodynamics .
If two independent system present in
thermal equilibrium condition with another
I
Isolated wall common
system then temp, of these system
- ↑ & 1
&
& - ↑
-
is same .
A B
Ta Ty Tc
& · - 7
& - - &
S
= =
& & M - & & #
M - & ↑
& I & ↑
- - - & &
~
& & & -
C &
~ ↑ & Note- It's
# explain only temp , and thermal
-
-
equilibrium
- - ~ &
~
condition .
Conducting wall
Thermodynamic work I
Cross-section A
work done Forux displacement &
Frictionless
-
=
1 11/1 /
du↑
- and movable
PAXdH iiii ,
M
dw =
,
Piston
in volume
&V change D
I
-↑ - & ↑
But Adu =
↑ I - --
of Gas ! A - -
T
T & A --
Cylindej
dw = PdV
Gas
Total work-done
if Constant Cisobaric processe
o
Year
&
= pressure =
w then w =
par - w = P(V v] -
w =
POV
,
,
&
Conversion of heat--work
Thermodynamic system & Gas cylinder Baundary
N
-
system surrounding
Energy matter
↑ OPEN SYSTEM - -
2 CLOSED SYSTEM - X
3 ISOLATED SYSTEM X X
THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM = Two bodies are said to be thermal equilibrium
when no heat flows from one body to another body,
when both bodies are at the same temp .
zeroth law of thermodynamics .
If two independent system present in
thermal equilibrium condition with another
I
Isolated wall common
system then temp, of these system
- ↑ & 1
&
& - ↑
-
is same .
A B
Ta Ty Tc
& · - 7
& - - &
S
= =
& & M - & & #
M - & ↑
& I & ↑
- - - & &
~
& & & -
C &
~ ↑ & Note- It's
# explain only temp , and thermal
-
-
equilibrium
- - ~ &
~
condition .
Conducting wall
Thermodynamic work I
Cross-section A
work done Forux displacement &
Frictionless
-
=
1 11/1 /
du↑
- and movable
PAXdH iiii ,
M
dw =
,
Piston
in volume
&V change D
I
-↑ - & ↑
But Adu =
↑ I - --
of Gas ! A - -
T
T & A --
Cylindej
dw = PdV
Gas
Total work-done
if Constant Cisobaric processe
o
Year
&
= pressure =
w then w =
par - w = P(V v] -
w =
POV
,
,
