NURS 208 EXAM 3
Describe the three basic types of sputum collection and when
would they be ordered?
- Cytology -> looking for cancer cells
- Acid fast bacillus -> testing for TB
- Sputum for culture and sensitivity -> identifies and determines the
right medication for germs in the lungs by growing a sputum sample
in a lab.
What is a throat culture and when would it be ordered
- collected from the back of the pharynx in the tonsillar region
- test for step, covid, whooping cough etc.
What is an EKG? When is it ordered?
a test that records the electrical activity of the heart. It is ordered to
diagnose heart problems by checking heart rate and rhythm
What is an echo cardiogram
- an ultrasound of the heart that uses sound waves to create moving
images of the heart's structure and function.
- It is ordered to diagnose and monitor various heart conditions, such
as heart murmurs, heart failure
What is an angiography?
- a visual exam of blood flow
What is the difference between and MRI and a CT?
CT scams for blood flow and MRI scans for structures, looking for
norm vs abn tissues
When is a lumbar puncture ordered?
,to analyze cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to diagnose conditions like
meningitis, encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, etc
What are nursing considerations following lumbar puncture
- patient needs to resume activity slowly
- takes approximately 8 hours to replace fluid loss, bedrest is required
for 8 hours or patient will get a severe headache
- usually transition from supine to low fowlers to fowlers, etc.
When is a lumbar puncture ordered?
for fluid removal so that a patient can breathe !
What are nursing considerations for a thoracentesis
- chest x ray prior
- drain fluid by gravity
- container needs to be lower than the chest
- send the fluid to the lab for analysis
When is a bone marrow biopsy ordered?
To detect diagnosis's such as anemia, leukemia, and other cancer
disorders.
What nursing considerations follow bone marrow biopsy ?
- the risk for bleeding
- very painful
When is a liver biopsy ordered? What are nursing considerations
following this procedure?
- to diagnose the cause of unexplained abnormal liver tests, identify
the type and severity of liver disease
- people with liver disease are prone to bleeding
- know your platelet count and clotting times
What is actual loss ?
, loss of a parent, person, job, pet, etc.
What is perceived loss ?
- felt by a person but intangible to others
-> aging, loss of your own youth
What is maturational loss ?
- experienced was a result of natural developmental process
- loss of status
What is situational loss ?
- experienced as a result of an unpredictable event
ex: COVID 19
What is anticipatory loss?
loss that has not taken place yet
- life threatening illness
What is grief ?
- the natural, inevitable response to a major loss, such as the death of
a loved one, and involves a combination of emotional, physical, and
mental reactions
What is bereavement
- the acceptance of a major loss
What is mourning
- crying and feeling all of the emotions of a inevitable loss
What are the two stages of grief models called
- Engels Six Stages of Grief
- Kubler - Ross's Five Stages of Grief
Explain Engels six stages of grief
Describe the three basic types of sputum collection and when
would they be ordered?
- Cytology -> looking for cancer cells
- Acid fast bacillus -> testing for TB
- Sputum for culture and sensitivity -> identifies and determines the
right medication for germs in the lungs by growing a sputum sample
in a lab.
What is a throat culture and when would it be ordered
- collected from the back of the pharynx in the tonsillar region
- test for step, covid, whooping cough etc.
What is an EKG? When is it ordered?
a test that records the electrical activity of the heart. It is ordered to
diagnose heart problems by checking heart rate and rhythm
What is an echo cardiogram
- an ultrasound of the heart that uses sound waves to create moving
images of the heart's structure and function.
- It is ordered to diagnose and monitor various heart conditions, such
as heart murmurs, heart failure
What is an angiography?
- a visual exam of blood flow
What is the difference between and MRI and a CT?
CT scams for blood flow and MRI scans for structures, looking for
norm vs abn tissues
When is a lumbar puncture ordered?
,to analyze cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to diagnose conditions like
meningitis, encephalitis, multiple sclerosis, etc
What are nursing considerations following lumbar puncture
- patient needs to resume activity slowly
- takes approximately 8 hours to replace fluid loss, bedrest is required
for 8 hours or patient will get a severe headache
- usually transition from supine to low fowlers to fowlers, etc.
When is a lumbar puncture ordered?
for fluid removal so that a patient can breathe !
What are nursing considerations for a thoracentesis
- chest x ray prior
- drain fluid by gravity
- container needs to be lower than the chest
- send the fluid to the lab for analysis
When is a bone marrow biopsy ordered?
To detect diagnosis's such as anemia, leukemia, and other cancer
disorders.
What nursing considerations follow bone marrow biopsy ?
- the risk for bleeding
- very painful
When is a liver biopsy ordered? What are nursing considerations
following this procedure?
- to diagnose the cause of unexplained abnormal liver tests, identify
the type and severity of liver disease
- people with liver disease are prone to bleeding
- know your platelet count and clotting times
What is actual loss ?
, loss of a parent, person, job, pet, etc.
What is perceived loss ?
- felt by a person but intangible to others
-> aging, loss of your own youth
What is maturational loss ?
- experienced was a result of natural developmental process
- loss of status
What is situational loss ?
- experienced as a result of an unpredictable event
ex: COVID 19
What is anticipatory loss?
loss that has not taken place yet
- life threatening illness
What is grief ?
- the natural, inevitable response to a major loss, such as the death of
a loved one, and involves a combination of emotional, physical, and
mental reactions
What is bereavement
- the acceptance of a major loss
What is mourning
- crying and feeling all of the emotions of a inevitable loss
What are the two stages of grief models called
- Engels Six Stages of Grief
- Kubler - Ross's Five Stages of Grief
Explain Engels six stages of grief
