NUR242: ONCOLOGY EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS; 100%
CORRECT; GRADE A
Additional measures to reduce r/of cancer and why - correct answer-
1. Adequate rest
2. reduce stress
Bc they weaken immune system
3. Obesity (chronic low grade inflammation can damage DNA)
Anatomic site classification
1. identified by?
2. Carcinomas?
3. Sarcomas?
4. Lymphomas/leukemias? - correct answer- 1. tissue of origin
2. ectoderm (skin and glands) and endoderm (mucous membranes)
3. mesoderm (CT, muscle, bone, fat)
4. Hematopoietic system
Benefits of combo chemo? (4) - correct answer- 1. enhances
tumoricidal activity
2. increases chance of affecting cancer cells in all phases
3. Synergistic effects
,4. decrease drug resistance (by working on diff. phases)
Biologics
1. example
2. Action of each
3. SE - correct answer- 1. Interferons and IL2
2. Actions
a) Interferons- slow the growth, cancer cells act like normal cells
b) IL2- increases lymphocytes (T & B)
3. Note
a) depression, flu like
b) capillary leak syn. > edema, hypotension, hypoxia, DIC, pain; infection,
flu-like, tachycardia/SVT; F&E
Biologics: fxns (4) - correct answer- 1. enhance immune to kill
abnormal cells
2. change cancer cells to normal cells
3. inhibit normal cells from turning cancerous
4. Enhance body's ability to repair or replace damaged cells
Breast cancer: Acute care
1. pain
,2. teaching
3. arm
4. lymphedema (6) - correct answer- 1. pain management (regularly
& b4 exercises)
2. Teaching drain care (if applicable)
3. Restoring arm fxn (warm water, exercice gradually) to prevent
contractures and increase lymph circulation
4. No BP, venipunctures, injections,
elevation,
prevent infection, burns, and compromised circulation, decongestive
thx,
compression bandaging, pneumatic sleeve,
isometric exercises
Breast cancer: Ambulatory
1. inform mastectomy pts about
2. psychosocial
3. report - correct answer- 1. special garments after 4-8 wks of
mastectomy
2. sexual identity, body image, relationships
3. fever, inflammation, red, swelling, new back pain, weakness, SOB,
change in mental status
, Breast cancer: Complications - correct answer- 1. Recurrence
2. Metastases (local skin, regional lymph nodes, distant)
Breast cancer: Dx
1. axillary lymph node analysis
2. Estrogen/progesterone receptor status
3. cell proliferative indices
4. Genomic assay - correct answer- 1. if positive then remove
2. if positive well diffm diploid/more normal DNA & low proli., lower
recurrence, freq. hormone dependent and does respond
3. % in s-phase
4. overexpression of HER2
Breast cancer: Genetic link is stronger if fam member... - correct
answer- 1. hx of ovarian cancer is premenopausal
2. bilateral breast cancer
3. first degree relative
risk increases by 1.5-3x
Breast cancer: Hormonal effects (estrogen) - correct answer-
increases risk, size, and stage
Breast cancer: Lymphedema
QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS; 100%
CORRECT; GRADE A
Additional measures to reduce r/of cancer and why - correct answer-
1. Adequate rest
2. reduce stress
Bc they weaken immune system
3. Obesity (chronic low grade inflammation can damage DNA)
Anatomic site classification
1. identified by?
2. Carcinomas?
3. Sarcomas?
4. Lymphomas/leukemias? - correct answer- 1. tissue of origin
2. ectoderm (skin and glands) and endoderm (mucous membranes)
3. mesoderm (CT, muscle, bone, fat)
4. Hematopoietic system
Benefits of combo chemo? (4) - correct answer- 1. enhances
tumoricidal activity
2. increases chance of affecting cancer cells in all phases
3. Synergistic effects
,4. decrease drug resistance (by working on diff. phases)
Biologics
1. example
2. Action of each
3. SE - correct answer- 1. Interferons and IL2
2. Actions
a) Interferons- slow the growth, cancer cells act like normal cells
b) IL2- increases lymphocytes (T & B)
3. Note
a) depression, flu like
b) capillary leak syn. > edema, hypotension, hypoxia, DIC, pain; infection,
flu-like, tachycardia/SVT; F&E
Biologics: fxns (4) - correct answer- 1. enhance immune to kill
abnormal cells
2. change cancer cells to normal cells
3. inhibit normal cells from turning cancerous
4. Enhance body's ability to repair or replace damaged cells
Breast cancer: Acute care
1. pain
,2. teaching
3. arm
4. lymphedema (6) - correct answer- 1. pain management (regularly
& b4 exercises)
2. Teaching drain care (if applicable)
3. Restoring arm fxn (warm water, exercice gradually) to prevent
contractures and increase lymph circulation
4. No BP, venipunctures, injections,
elevation,
prevent infection, burns, and compromised circulation, decongestive
thx,
compression bandaging, pneumatic sleeve,
isometric exercises
Breast cancer: Ambulatory
1. inform mastectomy pts about
2. psychosocial
3. report - correct answer- 1. special garments after 4-8 wks of
mastectomy
2. sexual identity, body image, relationships
3. fever, inflammation, red, swelling, new back pain, weakness, SOB,
change in mental status
, Breast cancer: Complications - correct answer- 1. Recurrence
2. Metastases (local skin, regional lymph nodes, distant)
Breast cancer: Dx
1. axillary lymph node analysis
2. Estrogen/progesterone receptor status
3. cell proliferative indices
4. Genomic assay - correct answer- 1. if positive then remove
2. if positive well diffm diploid/more normal DNA & low proli., lower
recurrence, freq. hormone dependent and does respond
3. % in s-phase
4. overexpression of HER2
Breast cancer: Genetic link is stronger if fam member... - correct
answer- 1. hx of ovarian cancer is premenopausal
2. bilateral breast cancer
3. first degree relative
risk increases by 1.5-3x
Breast cancer: Hormonal effects (estrogen) - correct answer-
increases risk, size, and stage
Breast cancer: Lymphedema
