NM ES-3 EXAM 2026 EXAM Q&A: 2026 STUDY
GUIDE
◉ Which of the following is the sensory receptor of the otolith?
a. semicircular canal
b. ampulla
c. cupula
d. macula. Answer: d. macula
◉ The ratio of head movement to eye movement during a normal
VOR is:
a. 1:1
b. 1:2
c. 2:1
d. 4:1. Answer: a. 1:1
Head movement to the left causes an equal and opposite eye
movement to the right (1:1 gain)
,◉ Which of the following is NOT part of the peripheral sensory
apparatus?
a. saccule
b. utricle
c. semicircular canals
d. vestibular nuclei. Answer: d. vestibular nuclei
◉ Which of the following detects vertical linear movement?
a. saccule
b. utricle
c. posterior semicircular canal
d. anterior semicircular canal. Answer: a. saccule
◉ During a positive supine roll test, the patient's eyes will beat
towards the ____ side
a. unaffected
b. affected. Answer: b. affected
,◉ You are performing the supine roll test to the left and notice the
patient has a strong left horizontal nystagmus for < 60 seconds.
Which of the following vestibular dysfunctions is most likely?
a. central vestibular dysfunction
b. left horizontal canalithiasis
c. right horizontal canalithiasis
d. left horizontal cupulolithiaisis. Answer: b. left horizontal
canalithiasis
◉ A patient with fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo
lasting 30 mins to 24 hours is most indicative of:
a. acoustic neuroma
b. BPPV
c. perilymphatic fistula
d. Meniere's disease. Answer: d. Meniere's disease
◉ A patient with a benign tumor in the internal auditory canal who
faces hearing loss and balance deficits is most likely dealing with
which of the following pathologies?
a. acoustic neuroma
, b. BPPV
c. perilymphatic fistula
d. Meniere's disease. Answer: a. acoustic neuroma
this is a type of hypofunction
◉ A patient with hearing loss, positional vertigo, oscillopsia, and
skew deviation is most indicative of:
a. acoustic neuroma
b. BPPV
c. perilymphatic fistula
d. Meniere's disease. Answer: c. perilymphatic fistula
◉ Which of the following signs is indicative of a central vestibular
disorder?
a. nystagmus fatigues after a period of time
b. nystagmus changes direction with gaze changes
c. often a delay in nystagmus with positional vertigo
GUIDE
◉ Which of the following is the sensory receptor of the otolith?
a. semicircular canal
b. ampulla
c. cupula
d. macula. Answer: d. macula
◉ The ratio of head movement to eye movement during a normal
VOR is:
a. 1:1
b. 1:2
c. 2:1
d. 4:1. Answer: a. 1:1
Head movement to the left causes an equal and opposite eye
movement to the right (1:1 gain)
,◉ Which of the following is NOT part of the peripheral sensory
apparatus?
a. saccule
b. utricle
c. semicircular canals
d. vestibular nuclei. Answer: d. vestibular nuclei
◉ Which of the following detects vertical linear movement?
a. saccule
b. utricle
c. posterior semicircular canal
d. anterior semicircular canal. Answer: a. saccule
◉ During a positive supine roll test, the patient's eyes will beat
towards the ____ side
a. unaffected
b. affected. Answer: b. affected
,◉ You are performing the supine roll test to the left and notice the
patient has a strong left horizontal nystagmus for < 60 seconds.
Which of the following vestibular dysfunctions is most likely?
a. central vestibular dysfunction
b. left horizontal canalithiasis
c. right horizontal canalithiasis
d. left horizontal cupulolithiaisis. Answer: b. left horizontal
canalithiasis
◉ A patient with fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo
lasting 30 mins to 24 hours is most indicative of:
a. acoustic neuroma
b. BPPV
c. perilymphatic fistula
d. Meniere's disease. Answer: d. Meniere's disease
◉ A patient with a benign tumor in the internal auditory canal who
faces hearing loss and balance deficits is most likely dealing with
which of the following pathologies?
a. acoustic neuroma
, b. BPPV
c. perilymphatic fistula
d. Meniere's disease. Answer: a. acoustic neuroma
this is a type of hypofunction
◉ A patient with hearing loss, positional vertigo, oscillopsia, and
skew deviation is most indicative of:
a. acoustic neuroma
b. BPPV
c. perilymphatic fistula
d. Meniere's disease. Answer: c. perilymphatic fistula
◉ Which of the following signs is indicative of a central vestibular
disorder?
a. nystagmus fatigues after a period of time
b. nystagmus changes direction with gaze changes
c. often a delay in nystagmus with positional vertigo
