Testbank Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition, McCance) – Complete Test Bank

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x McCance:xPathophysiology:xThexBiologicxBasisxforxDiseasexinxAdultsxandxChildrenx(8thxEdition)xTESTxBANK

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CONTENTS:x
Chapterx01:xCellularxBiologyx
Chapterx02:xAlteredxCellularxandxTissuexBiology:xEnvironmentalxAgentsx
Chapterx03:xThexCellularxEnvironment:xFluidsxandxElectrolytes,xAcidsxandxBasesx
Chapterx04:xGenesxandxGeneticxDiseasesx
Chapterx05:xGenes,xEnvironment-Lifestyle,xandxCommonxDiseasesx
Chapterx06:xEpigeneticsxandxDiseasex
Chapterx07:xInnatexImmunity:xInflammationxandxWoundxHealingx
Chapterx08:xAdaptivexImmunityx
Chapterx09:xAlterationsxinxImmunityxandxInflammationx
Chapterx10:xInfectionx
Chapterx11:xStressxandxDiseasex
Chapterx12:xCancerxBiologyx
Chapterx13:xCancerxEpidemiologyx
Chapterx14:xCancerxinxChildrenx
Chapterx15:xStructurexandxFunctionxofxthexNeurologicxSystemx
Chapterx16:xPain,xTemperaturexRegulation,xSleep,xandxSensoryxFunctionx
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Chapterx17:xAlterationsxinxCognitivexSystems,xCerebralxHemodynamics,xandxMotorxFunctionx
Chapterx18:xDisordersxofxthexCentralxandxPeripheralxNervousxSystemsxandxthexNeuromuscularxJunctionx
Chapterx19:xNeurobiologyxofxSchizophrenia,xMoodxDisorders,xandxAnxietyxDisordersx
Chapterx20:xAlterationsxofxNeurologicxFunctionxinxChildrenx
Chapterx21:xMechanismsxofxHormonalxRegulationx
Chapterx22:xAlterationsxofxHormonalxRegulationx
Chapterx23:xObesityxandxDisordersxofxNutritionx
Chapterx24:xStructurexandxFunctionxofxthexReproductivexSystemsx
Chapterx25:xAlterationsxofxthexFemalexReproductivexSystemx
Chapterx26:xAlterationsxofxthexMalexReproductivexSystemx
Chapterx27:xSexuallyxTransmittedxInfectionsx
Chapterx28:xStructurexandxFunctionxofxthexHematologicxSystemx
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Chapterx29:xAlterationsxofxErythrocytes,xPlatelets,xandxHemostaticxFunctionx
Chapterx30:xAlterationsxofxLeukocytexandxLymphoidxFunctionx
Chapterx31:xAlterationsxofxHematologicxFunctionxinxChildrenx
Chapterx32:xStructurexandxFunctionxofxthexCardiovascularxandxLymphaticxSystemsx
Chapterx33:xAlterationsxofxCardiovascularxFunctionx
Chapterx34:xAlterationsxofxCardiovascularxFunctionxinxChildrenx
Chapterx35:xStructurexandxFunctionxofxthexPulmonaryxSystemx
Chapterx36:xAlterationsxofxPulmonaryxFunctionx
Chapterx37:xAlterationsxofxPulmonaryxFunctionxinxChildrenx
Chapterx38:xStructurexandxFunctionxofxthexRenalxandxUrologicxSystemsx
Chapterx39:xAlterationsxofxRenalxandxUrinaryxTractxFunctionx
Chapterx40:xAlterationsxofxRenalxandxUrinaryxTractxFunctionxinxChildrenx
Chapterx41:xStructurexandxFunctionxofxthexDigestivexSystemx
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Chapterx42:xAlterationsxofxDigestivexFunctionx

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Chapterx43:xAlterationsxofxDigestivexFunctionxinxChildrenx
Chapterx44:xStructurexandxFunctionxofxthexMusculoskeletalxSystemx
Chapterx45:xAlterationsxofxMusculoskeletalxFunctionx
Chapterx46:xAlterationsxofxMusculoskeletalxFunctionxinxChildrenx
Chapterx47:xStructure,xFunction,xandxDisordersxofxthexIntegumentx
Chapterx48:xAlterationsxofxthexIntegumentxinxChildrenx
Chapterx49:xShock,xMultiplexOrganxDysfunctionxSyndrome,xandxBurnsxinxAdultsx
Chapterx50:xShock,xMultiplexOrganxDysfunctionxSyndrome,xandxBurnsxinxChildrenx
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Partx1:xCENTRALxCONCEPTSxOFxPATHOPHYSIOLOGY:xCELLSxANDxTISSUESxUnitx
I:xTHExCELLx
CHAPTERx01:xCELLULARxBIOLOGYx
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MULTIPLExCHOICEx
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1. Whichxstatementxbestxdescribesxthexcellularxfunctionxofxmetabolicxabsorption?x
a. Cellsxcanxproducexproteins.x
b. Cellsxcanxsecretexdigestivexenzymes.x
c. Cellsxcanxtakexinxandxusexnutrients.x
d. Cellsxcanxsynthesizexfats.x
ANS:xCx
Inxmetabolicxabsorption,xallxcellsxtakexinxandxusexnutrientsxandxotherxsubstancesxfromxtheirxsurrou
ndings.xThexremainingxoptionsxarexnotxinclusivexinxtheirxdescriptionsxofxcellularxmetabolicxabsor
ption.x
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PTS:xxx1x DIF:xCognitivexLevel:xRememberingx
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2. Wherexisxmostxofxaxcell’sxgeneticxinformation,xincludingxRNAxandxDNA,xcontained?x
a. Mitochondriax
b. Ribosomex
c. Nucleolusx
d. Lysosomex
ANS:xCx
Thexnucleusxcontainsxthexnucleolus,xaxsmallxdensexstructurexcomposedxlargelyxofxRNA,xmostxofxthe
xcellularxDNA,xandxthexDNA-

bindingxproteins,xsuchxasxthexhistones,xwhichxregulatexitsxactivity.xThexmitochondriaxarexresponsibl
exforxcellularxrespirationxandxenergyxproduction.x
Ribosomes’xchiefxfunctionxisxtoxprovidexsitesxforxcellularxproteinxsynthesis.xLysosomesxfunctionxasx
thexintracellularxdigestivexsystem.x
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PTS:xxx1x DIF:xCognitivexLevel:xRememberingx
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3. Whichxcomponentxofxthexcellxproducesxhydrogenxperoxidex(H2O2)xbyxusingxoxygenxtoxremovexhydr
ogenxatomsxfromxspecificxsubstratesxinxanxoxidativexreaction?xa.xLysosomesx
b. Peroxisomesx
c. Ribosomesx
d. Endosomex

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ANS:xBx
Peroxisomesxarexsoxnamedxbecausextheyxusuallyxcontainxenzymesxthatxusexoxygenxtoxremovexhydro
genxatomsxfromxspecificxsubstratesxinxanxoxidativexreactionxthatxproducesxH2O2,xwhichxisxaxpowerf
ulxoxidantxandxpotentiallyxdestructivexifxitxaccumulatesxorxescapesxfromxperoxisomes.xRibosomesxa
rexRNA-
proteinxcomplexesx(nucleoproteins)xthatxarexsynthesizedxinxthexnucleolusxandxsecretedxintoxthexcyto
plasmxthroughxporesxinxthexnuclearxenvelopexcalledxnuclearxporexcomplexes.xLysosomesxarexsaclik
exstructuresxthatxoriginatexfromxthexGolgixcomplexxandxcontainxmorexthanx40xdigestivexenzymesxcal
ledxhydrolases,xwhichxcatalyzexbondsxinxproteins,xlipids,xnucleicxacids,xandxcarbohydrates.xAnxend
osomexisxaxvesicalxthatxhasxbeenxpinchedxoffxfromxthexcellularxmembrane.x
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PTS:xxx1x DIF:xCognitivexLevel:xRememberingx
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4. Whichxcellxcomponentxisxcapablexofxcellularxautodigestionxwhenxitxisxreleasedxduringxcellxinjury?xa.
xRibosomex

b. Golgixcomplexx
c. Smoothxendoplasmicxreticulumx
d. Lysosomesx
ANS:xDx
Thexlysosomalxmembranexactsxasxaxprotectivexshieldxbetweenxthexpowerfulxdigestivexenzymesxwith
inxthexlysosomexandxthexcytoplasm,xpreventingxtheirxleakagexintoxthexcytoplasmicxmatrix.xDisrupti
onxofxthexmembranexbyxvariousxtreatmentsxorxcellularxinjuryxleadsxtoxaxreleasexofxthexlysosomalxenz
ymes,xwhichxcanxthenxreactxwithxtheirxspecificxsubstrates,xcausingxcellularxself-
xdigestion.xThexchiefxfunctionxofxaxribosomexisxtoxprovidexsitesxforxcellularxproteinxsynthesis.xThexG

olgixcomplexxisxaxnetworkxofxflattened,xsmoothxvesiclesxandxmembranesxoftenxlocatedxnearxthexcellx
nucleus.xThexsmoothxendoplasmicxreticulumxisxinvolvedxinxsteroidxhormonexproductionxandxremov
ingxtoxicxsubstancesxfromxthexcell.x
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PTS:xxx1x DIF:xCognitivexLevel:xRememberingx
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5. WhichxcAMP-mediatedxresponsexisxrelatedxtoxantidiureticxhormone?x
a. Increasedxheartxratexandxforcexofxcontractionx
b. Secretionxofxcortisolx
c. Increasedxretentionxofxwaterx
d. Breakdownxofxfatx
ANS:xCx
Antidiureticxhormonexleadsxtoxincreasedxretentionxofxwaterxinxthexbody.xEpinephrinexcausesxincreas
esxinxheartxratexandxforcexofxcontraction.xIncreasedxcortisolxsecretionxisxduextoxACTH.xBreakdownx
ofxfatxisxduextoxglucagon.x
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PTS:xxx1x DIF:xCognitivexLevel:xRememberingx
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6. DuringxwhichxphasexofxthexcellxcyclexisxDNAxsynthesized?x
a. G1x
b. Sx
c. G2x
d. Mx
ANS:xBx