EXAC: MATERIALS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Material selection properties-what are the requirement for the most suitable structural
material? - answer -the structural material that combine stiffness and elasticity are
considered the most suitable material.
Material selection properties-elasticity? - answer -the ability of a material to bounce
back after being disturbed
- the ability of the body to deform under stress, bend, stretch and compress when the
external forces are applied and return to its original shapes when the forces are
removed.
Material selection properties-elastic limit? - answer -maximum stress that a material will
withstand without permanent deformation.
Material selection properties-ductile material - answer -a material which can be drawn
out into a wire. This implies that plastic strain occurs under enough stress.
- the material that undergo plastic deformation before breakage are called ductile
material.
Material selection properties-plastic deformation - answer -permanent deformation
caused by strain when stress exceeds a certain value
Material selection properties-brittle material - answer -a material that undergoes little
deformation under increasing force, until it breaks suddenly. Example glass
Material selection properties-stiffness? - answer -the resistance of an elastic body to
deflection by an applied force.
The force that is applied to the material to bring it to the elastic limit.
Material selection properties-what is dimension stability of the material? - answer -the
property of the material to keep its dimension properties especially when the direct
affect of the moisture content or atmosphere are applied to it. Dimension ability is
important when considering material selection.
Material selection properties-water and vapor resistance - answer -the resistance to
water and vapour is an important factor in selection of the material for construction.
Material selection properties-thermal conductivity - answer -the ability of an object to
transfer heat
,Material selection properties-material selection and light, radiant heat, transmission ? -
answer -the material property that reflect or absorb light are important factors for
deciding a material selection
The reflection or absorption of radiant heat should also be considered in selecting the
material.
Material selection properties- what is density and hardness of a material? - answer -the
ability to resist wear and abrasiveness. Durability of a material.
Important factor when considering material section.
Material selection properties - combustion
Combustion - answer -the property of the material to resist combustion.
-withstand exposure to fire.
-not produce toxic smoke/gases or smell.
Material selection properties - colour, texture, scale , shapes - answer -important factor
considering design requirement and presentation of the material.
Many material are produces in certain shapes and sizes, it varries with the manufacture
little bit but relatively small. This is also a factor to consider when selection of the
material.
Eg- bricks, stock dimension etc.
Material selection properties? - answer -elasticity
Ductile material
Stiffness
Plastic deformation
Resistance to water and vapor
Brittle material
Resistance to exposure to heat, not producing toxic waste etc.
Absorption of light,
Absorption of sound
Colour/texture /shape
Combustion
Thermal conductivity
What is a life cycle assessment? - answer -the selection and valuation of material
should not only limit to its functional aspect, aesthetic and economic aspect but should
also consider the impact of the the environmental factors.
The investigation and valuation of the environmental impacts of a given product or
service caused or necessitated by its existence.
The life cycle assessment of a material includes,
-extraction of the raw material.
, -processing of the raw material.
-manufacturing, packaging and transportation of the finished product
-maintenance of the material in use.
-possible recycling and reuse of the material and its final disposal.
Life cycle assessment of material include three component? - answer --input
-life cycle inventory
-output
What is input component of life cycle assessment? - answer -raw material, energy and
water
Processes are
- acquisition of raw material---- the extractions of raw material and its impact on the
environment. Is the material extracted is renewable or nonrenewable eg. Metals are non
renewable
Where as timber can be renewable resource
-processing, manufacturing and packaging ----what are energy and water requirement
for the processing, manufacturing and packaging.
-transportation and distribution
-construction use and distribution .
-disposal, recycling and reuse.
What is output component of life cycle assessment? - answer --water borne effluent
-atmospheric emission
-solid waste
-other environmental releases
What is life cycle inventory component of life cycle assessment of the material? -
answer -life cycle inventory is explained as, a selection of those material that
demonstrate that there life cycle inventory resulted is lesser impact to the environment.
To explain this, the material that may require more energy for production but balance
there life cycle inventory over time would be a preferable choose over a material that is
produced with less energy but require heavy maintenance hence more energy
consumption, coal for example.
What is embodied energy? - answer -the energy consumed by harvesting, transporting,
manufacturing, and the disposal of materials. The energy spend through out life cycle
inventory of the project.
Embodied enegy= extraction+manufacturing+disposal (total energy consumed during
the life cycle inventory of the product)
Material selection properties-what are the requirement for the most suitable structural
material? - answer -the structural material that combine stiffness and elasticity are
considered the most suitable material.
Material selection properties-elasticity? - answer -the ability of a material to bounce
back after being disturbed
- the ability of the body to deform under stress, bend, stretch and compress when the
external forces are applied and return to its original shapes when the forces are
removed.
Material selection properties-elastic limit? - answer -maximum stress that a material will
withstand without permanent deformation.
Material selection properties-ductile material - answer -a material which can be drawn
out into a wire. This implies that plastic strain occurs under enough stress.
- the material that undergo plastic deformation before breakage are called ductile
material.
Material selection properties-plastic deformation - answer -permanent deformation
caused by strain when stress exceeds a certain value
Material selection properties-brittle material - answer -a material that undergoes little
deformation under increasing force, until it breaks suddenly. Example glass
Material selection properties-stiffness? - answer -the resistance of an elastic body to
deflection by an applied force.
The force that is applied to the material to bring it to the elastic limit.
Material selection properties-what is dimension stability of the material? - answer -the
property of the material to keep its dimension properties especially when the direct
affect of the moisture content or atmosphere are applied to it. Dimension ability is
important when considering material selection.
Material selection properties-water and vapor resistance - answer -the resistance to
water and vapour is an important factor in selection of the material for construction.
Material selection properties-thermal conductivity - answer -the ability of an object to
transfer heat
,Material selection properties-material selection and light, radiant heat, transmission ? -
answer -the material property that reflect or absorb light are important factors for
deciding a material selection
The reflection or absorption of radiant heat should also be considered in selecting the
material.
Material selection properties- what is density and hardness of a material? - answer -the
ability to resist wear and abrasiveness. Durability of a material.
Important factor when considering material section.
Material selection properties - combustion
Combustion - answer -the property of the material to resist combustion.
-withstand exposure to fire.
-not produce toxic smoke/gases or smell.
Material selection properties - colour, texture, scale , shapes - answer -important factor
considering design requirement and presentation of the material.
Many material are produces in certain shapes and sizes, it varries with the manufacture
little bit but relatively small. This is also a factor to consider when selection of the
material.
Eg- bricks, stock dimension etc.
Material selection properties? - answer -elasticity
Ductile material
Stiffness
Plastic deformation
Resistance to water and vapor
Brittle material
Resistance to exposure to heat, not producing toxic waste etc.
Absorption of light,
Absorption of sound
Colour/texture /shape
Combustion
Thermal conductivity
What is a life cycle assessment? - answer -the selection and valuation of material
should not only limit to its functional aspect, aesthetic and economic aspect but should
also consider the impact of the the environmental factors.
The investigation and valuation of the environmental impacts of a given product or
service caused or necessitated by its existence.
The life cycle assessment of a material includes,
-extraction of the raw material.
, -processing of the raw material.
-manufacturing, packaging and transportation of the finished product
-maintenance of the material in use.
-possible recycling and reuse of the material and its final disposal.
Life cycle assessment of material include three component? - answer --input
-life cycle inventory
-output
What is input component of life cycle assessment? - answer -raw material, energy and
water
Processes are
- acquisition of raw material---- the extractions of raw material and its impact on the
environment. Is the material extracted is renewable or nonrenewable eg. Metals are non
renewable
Where as timber can be renewable resource
-processing, manufacturing and packaging ----what are energy and water requirement
for the processing, manufacturing and packaging.
-transportation and distribution
-construction use and distribution .
-disposal, recycling and reuse.
What is output component of life cycle assessment? - answer --water borne effluent
-atmospheric emission
-solid waste
-other environmental releases
What is life cycle inventory component of life cycle assessment of the material? -
answer -life cycle inventory is explained as, a selection of those material that
demonstrate that there life cycle inventory resulted is lesser impact to the environment.
To explain this, the material that may require more energy for production but balance
there life cycle inventory over time would be a preferable choose over a material that is
produced with less energy but require heavy maintenance hence more energy
consumption, coal for example.
What is embodied energy? - answer -the energy consumed by harvesting, transporting,
manufacturing, and the disposal of materials. The energy spend through out life cycle
inventory of the project.
Embodied enegy= extraction+manufacturing+disposal (total energy consumed during
the life cycle inventory of the product)
