Test Bank for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 10th Edition – Abbas, Lichtman, & Pillai

TEST BANKx




Cellular and Molecular Immunology
x x x




Abul Abbas, Andrew Lichtman, and Shiv Pillai
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10th Edition
x

,Table of Contents
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Chapter 01 Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
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Chapter 02 Cells and Tissues of the Immune System
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Chapter 03 Leukocyte Circulation and Migration Into Tissues
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Chapter 04 Innate Immunity
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Chapter 05 Antibodies and Antigens
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Chapter 06 Antigen Presentation to T Lymphocytes and the Functions of Major
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Histocompatibility Complex Molecules
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Chapter 07 Immune Receptors and Signal Transduction
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Chapter 08 Lymphocyte Development and Antigen Receptor Gene Rearrangement
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Chapter 09 Activation of T Lymphocytes
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Chapter 10 Differentiation and Functions of CD4+ Effector T Cells
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Chapter 11 Differentiation and Functions of CD8+ Effector T Cells
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Chapter 12 B Cell Activation and Antibody Production
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Chapter 13 Effector Mechanisms of Humoral Immunity
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Chapter 14 Specialized Immunity at Epithelial Barriers and in Immune Privileged Tissues
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Chapter 15 Immunologic Tolerance and Autoimmunity
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Chapter 16 Immunity to Microbes
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Chapter 17 Transplantation Immunology
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Chapter 18 Tumor Immunology
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Chapter 19 Hypersensitivity Disorders
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Chapter 20 Allergy
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Chapter 21 Primary and Acquired Immunodeficiencies
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,Chapter 01: Properties and Overview of Immune Responses
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Abbas, Lichtman, and Pillai: Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 10th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE x




1. The principal function of the immune system is:
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a. Defense against cancer x x



b. Repair of injured tissues x x x



c. Defense against microbial infections x x x



d. Prevention of inflammatory diseases x x x



e. Protection against environmental toxins x x x




ANS: C x



The immune system has evolved in the setting of selective pressures imposed by microbial
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infections. Although immune responses to cancer may occur, the concept that
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“immunosurveillance” against cancer is a principal function of the immune system is
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controversial. Repair of injured tissues may be a secondary consequence of the immune
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responses and inflammation. Although the immune system has regulatory features that are
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needed to prevent excessive inflammation, prevention of inflammatory diseases is not a
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primary function. The immune system can protect against microbial toxins, but it generally
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does not offer protection against toxins of nonbiologic origin.
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2. Which of the following infectious diseases was prevented by the first successful
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vaccination?
x



a. Polio
b. Tuberculosis
c. Smallpox
d. Tetanus
e. Rubella
ANS: C x



In 1798, Edward Jenner reported the first intentional successful vaccination, which was
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against smallpox in a boy, using material from the cowpox pustules of a milkmaid. In 1980,
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smallpox was reported to be eradicated worldwide by a vaccination program. Effective
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vaccines against tetanus toxin, rubella virus, and poliovirus were developed in the 20th
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century and are widely used. There is no effective vaccine against Mycobacterium
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tuberculosis.
x




3. Which of the following is a unique property of the adaptive immune system?
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a. Highly diverse repertoire of specificities for antigens x x x x x x



b. Self-nonself discrimination x



c. Recognition of microbial structures by both cell-associated and soluble receptors x x x x x x x x x



d. Protection against viral infections x x x



e. Responses that have the same kinetics and magnitude on repeated exposure to the x x x x x x x x x x x x



same microbe x x




ANS: x A

, Highly diverse repertoires of specificities for antigens are found only in T and B
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lymphocytes, which are the central cellular components of the adaptive immune system.
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Both the innate and the adaptive immune systems use cell-associated and soluble receptors to
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recognize microbes, display some degree of self-nonself discrimination, and protect
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against viruses. On repeated exposure to the same microbe, the adaptive immune response
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becomes more rapid and of greater magnitude; this is the manifestation of memory.
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4. Antibodies and T lymphocytes are the respective mediators of which two types of
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immunity?
x



a. Innate and adaptive x x



b. Passive and active x x



c. Specific and nonspecific x x



d. Humoral and cell-mediated x x



e. Adult and neonatal x x




ANS: D x



Both B and T lymphocytes are principal components of adaptive immunity. B lymphocytes
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produce antibodies, which are the recognition and effector molecules of humoral immune
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responses to extracellular pathogens. T cells recognize and promote eradication of
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intracellular pathogens in cell-mediated immunity. Passive and active immunity both can be
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mediated by either B or T lymphocytes. Specific immunity is another term for adaptive
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immunity. Both B and T lymphocytes participate in adult adaptive immunity but are still
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developing in the neonatal period.
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5. The two major functional classes of effector T lymphocytes are:
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a. Helper T lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocytes x x x x x x




b. Natural killer cells and cytoWtoWxW
ic.TTlB
yS
mMph.oW
cyStes x x x x



c. Memory T cells and effector T cells x x x x x x



d. Helper cells and antigen-presenting cells x x x x



e. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells x x x x x




ANS: A x



T cells can be classified into effector subsets that perform different effector functions. Most
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effector T cells are either helper T lymphocytes, which enhance the responses of other
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immune cells, including phagocytes and B cells, to infections, or cytotoxic T lymphocytes,
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which directly kill infected cells. Natural killer cells are not T lymphocytes.
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Antigen-presenting cells usually are not T cells. Memory T cells are not effector T cells. x x x x x x x x x x x x x x




6. Which of the following cell types is required for all adaptive humoral immune responses?
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a. Natural killer cells x x



b. Dendritic cells x



c. Cytolytic T lymphocytes x x



d. B lymphocytesx



e. Helper T lymphocytes x x




ANS: D x



Humoral immune responses are antibody-mediated immune responses, and all antibodies
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are made by B lymphocytes and no other cell type.
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