Comprehensive Medical-Surgical Nursing I: Key Concepts for Patient Ca
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1. Florence Nightingale The Founder of Modern Nursing, known as the 'Lady with the
Lamp,' who started modern nursing during the Crimean War.
2. Nightingale's Environmen- Belief that the environment affects health and recovery, focusing
tal Theory on five essentials for healing: Pure Water, Fresh Air, Efficient
Drainage, Cleanliness (Sanitation), and Direct Sunlight.
3. Health Definition Health is subjective physical, mental and social well-being, ab-
sence of disease.
4. Major Health Concerns Obesity, Tobacco use, Substance abuse, Poor diet and inactivity.
5. BMI Ranges A normal BMI ranges from 18.5 to 24.9; values below 18.5 are
underweight, and those 25 or above indicate overweight or obe-
sity.
6. Nursing Diagnosis Identifies a patient's response to actual or potential health prob-
lems that nurses can address.
7. Medical Diagnosis Identifies the specific disease or condition causing health prob-
lems.
8. Healthy People 2030 Goals 1. Help people live long, healthy, and fulfilling lives. 2. Eliminate
health disparities and improve health equity. 3. Promote healthy
behavior across all ages.
9. Maslow's Hierarchy A theory showing that needs must be met in order from basic to
higher levels: Physiologic Needs, Safety & Security Needs, Love &
Belonging Needs, Self-Esteem Needs, Self-Actualization.
10. Physiologic Needs Basic needs such as food, water, and rest.
11. Safety & Security Needs Needs that involve preventing infection, handling equipment
safely, and reducing fall risk.
, Comprehensive Medical-Surgical Nursing I: Key Concepts for Patient Ca
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12. Love & Belonging Needs Needs that involve encouraging family visits, providing emotional
support, and referring to support groups.
13. Self-Esteem Needs Needs that involve encouraging independence and recognizing
achievements.
14. Self-Actualization The highest level of Maslow's hierarchy, involving reaching one's
full potential and personal growth.
15. Critical Thinking in Nursing The foundation of clinical reasoning and judgment, involving
analyzing, deciding, and reflecting.
16. The Nursing Process A systematic method for patient care (ADPIE): Assessment, Diag-
nosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.
17. Ethics in Nursing The study of right and wrong actions.
18. Morality in Nursing Personal beliefs, values, and behavior about what is right.
19. Principles of Nursing Ethics 1. Autonomy - Respecting patient's decisions. 2. Beneficence -
Doing good. 3. Nonmaleficence - Avoiding harm. 4. Justice -
Being fair. 5. Fidelity - Keeping promises. 6. Veracity - Telling the
truth.
20. Nursing Ethical Standards Governed by the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of
Ethics.
21. ANA American Nurses Association, which runs the Center for Ethics
and Human Rights to guide nurses in ethical dilemmas.
22. Common Ethical Issues in Maintaining confidentiality, use of restraints, truth-telling to pa-
Nursing tients, refusal to provide care, end-of-life and palliative care de-
cisions.
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i63x8c
1. Florence Nightingale The Founder of Modern Nursing, known as the 'Lady with the
Lamp,' who started modern nursing during the Crimean War.
2. Nightingale's Environmen- Belief that the environment affects health and recovery, focusing
tal Theory on five essentials for healing: Pure Water, Fresh Air, Efficient
Drainage, Cleanliness (Sanitation), and Direct Sunlight.
3. Health Definition Health is subjective physical, mental and social well-being, ab-
sence of disease.
4. Major Health Concerns Obesity, Tobacco use, Substance abuse, Poor diet and inactivity.
5. BMI Ranges A normal BMI ranges from 18.5 to 24.9; values below 18.5 are
underweight, and those 25 or above indicate overweight or obe-
sity.
6. Nursing Diagnosis Identifies a patient's response to actual or potential health prob-
lems that nurses can address.
7. Medical Diagnosis Identifies the specific disease or condition causing health prob-
lems.
8. Healthy People 2030 Goals 1. Help people live long, healthy, and fulfilling lives. 2. Eliminate
health disparities and improve health equity. 3. Promote healthy
behavior across all ages.
9. Maslow's Hierarchy A theory showing that needs must be met in order from basic to
higher levels: Physiologic Needs, Safety & Security Needs, Love &
Belonging Needs, Self-Esteem Needs, Self-Actualization.
10. Physiologic Needs Basic needs such as food, water, and rest.
11. Safety & Security Needs Needs that involve preventing infection, handling equipment
safely, and reducing fall risk.
, Comprehensive Medical-Surgical Nursing I: Key Concepts for Patient Ca
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i63x8c
12. Love & Belonging Needs Needs that involve encouraging family visits, providing emotional
support, and referring to support groups.
13. Self-Esteem Needs Needs that involve encouraging independence and recognizing
achievements.
14. Self-Actualization The highest level of Maslow's hierarchy, involving reaching one's
full potential and personal growth.
15. Critical Thinking in Nursing The foundation of clinical reasoning and judgment, involving
analyzing, deciding, and reflecting.
16. The Nursing Process A systematic method for patient care (ADPIE): Assessment, Diag-
nosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.
17. Ethics in Nursing The study of right and wrong actions.
18. Morality in Nursing Personal beliefs, values, and behavior about what is right.
19. Principles of Nursing Ethics 1. Autonomy - Respecting patient's decisions. 2. Beneficence -
Doing good. 3. Nonmaleficence - Avoiding harm. 4. Justice -
Being fair. 5. Fidelity - Keeping promises. 6. Veracity - Telling the
truth.
20. Nursing Ethical Standards Governed by the American Nurses Association (ANA) Code of
Ethics.
21. ANA American Nurses Association, which runs the Center for Ethics
and Human Rights to guide nurses in ethical dilemmas.
22. Common Ethical Issues in Maintaining confidentiality, use of restraints, truth-telling to pa-
Nursing tients, refusal to provide care, end-of-life and palliative care de-
cisions.
