HED EXAM 2
6 dimensions of wellness - Answer physical, social, intellectual, spiritual, environmental,
emotional
wellness - Answer optimal health and vitality, making conscious decisions to enhance one's
health, controlling risk factors that contribute to illness or injury
nutrition - Answer the science that investigates the relationship between physiological function
and the essential elements of the foods we eat
what are reasons for eating? - Answer cultural and social meeting attached to food, convenience
and advertisement, habit/customs, emotional eating, perceived nutritional value, social
interactions, financial means
calorie - Answer unit of measure that quantifies the amount of energy in food that the body can
use
protein: 4 call per gram
carb: 4 call per gram
fats: 9 call per gram
essential nutrients - Answer substances the body must get from food because it cannot
synthesize them at all or in adequate amounts to meet its needs. includes: water, proteins,
carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals
water - Answer can live weeks without food but only a few days without water. it helps regulate
temperature, it is used in digestion and absorption of food, and it is in water-based fluids (i.e.
blood) that transport substances and serve as lubricants or cushions
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,protein - Answer they form important parts of the body's main structural components; muscle,
bone, skin, blood, enzymes, and hormones.
-amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
-complete proteins are foods that supply all essential amino acids; meet, fish, and dairy.
-incomplete proteins supply most, but not all amino acids; legumes, grains, some green
vegetables, nuts and seeds
carbohydrates - Answer supply energy needed to sustain normal daily activity. it is a quicker and
more efficient source of energy than protein. cells in the brain and nervous system use only
carbohydrates for energy. muscles also use primarily carbohydrates.
-simply carbohydrates are sugars from fruits and vegetables
-complex carbohydrates are found in grains, cereals, and vegetables
fats - Answer essential in small amounts. they insulate the body, support and cushion organs,
and absorb fat-soluble vitamins. also effect blood cholesterol levels.
-unsaturated fats such as olive oil are recommended
-saturated fats should be reduced
-trans fats should be avoided
they provide concentrated energy in the absence of carbohydrates and are the most energy-
dense source of calories.
vitamins - Answer potent and essential compounds that promote growth and help maintain life
and health.
too much or too little can cause symptoms and health problems.
-fat soluble vitamins are stored in the body, examples are vitamin D and K
-water soluble vitamins are excreted, examples are vitamin C and Folic Acid
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, minerals - Answer needed in small amounts for physiological processes within the body such as
transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction, and vitamin absorption. the major minerals
needed by the body include sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. other
minerals include copper, fluoride, iodide, iron, selenium, and zinc
guidelines for a healthy diet - Answer healthful diet should be:
-adequate, providing enough energy, nutrients, and fiber to maintain health and essential body
functions.
-moderate, in terms of consumption, portion control, and awareness of total amount of
nutrients.
-balanced, containing the proper combination of foods from different groups.
-varied with many different foods consumed each day.
-nutrient dense , with a high proportion of vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients compared to
number of calories.
my plate plan - Answer-balance calories and understand serving sizes.
-increase nutrient-dense foods like vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free dairy products
-reduce some foods, such as solid fats, sugars, and salt
food allergy - Answer an abnormal response to a food that is triggered by the immune system.
8 major food allergies:
milk, eggs, peanuts, wheat, soy, tree nuts, fish
shellfish
food intolerance - Answer can cause symptoms of gastric upset, but are not the result of
immune system responses.
example: lactose intolerance, some food additives (MSG, dyes sulfates, gluten)
3ee|eeP a g e
6 dimensions of wellness - Answer physical, social, intellectual, spiritual, environmental,
emotional
wellness - Answer optimal health and vitality, making conscious decisions to enhance one's
health, controlling risk factors that contribute to illness or injury
nutrition - Answer the science that investigates the relationship between physiological function
and the essential elements of the foods we eat
what are reasons for eating? - Answer cultural and social meeting attached to food, convenience
and advertisement, habit/customs, emotional eating, perceived nutritional value, social
interactions, financial means
calorie - Answer unit of measure that quantifies the amount of energy in food that the body can
use
protein: 4 call per gram
carb: 4 call per gram
fats: 9 call per gram
essential nutrients - Answer substances the body must get from food because it cannot
synthesize them at all or in adequate amounts to meet its needs. includes: water, proteins,
carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals
water - Answer can live weeks without food but only a few days without water. it helps regulate
temperature, it is used in digestion and absorption of food, and it is in water-based fluids (i.e.
blood) that transport substances and serve as lubricants or cushions
1ee|eeP a g e
,protein - Answer they form important parts of the body's main structural components; muscle,
bone, skin, blood, enzymes, and hormones.
-amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
-complete proteins are foods that supply all essential amino acids; meet, fish, and dairy.
-incomplete proteins supply most, but not all amino acids; legumes, grains, some green
vegetables, nuts and seeds
carbohydrates - Answer supply energy needed to sustain normal daily activity. it is a quicker and
more efficient source of energy than protein. cells in the brain and nervous system use only
carbohydrates for energy. muscles also use primarily carbohydrates.
-simply carbohydrates are sugars from fruits and vegetables
-complex carbohydrates are found in grains, cereals, and vegetables
fats - Answer essential in small amounts. they insulate the body, support and cushion organs,
and absorb fat-soluble vitamins. also effect blood cholesterol levels.
-unsaturated fats such as olive oil are recommended
-saturated fats should be reduced
-trans fats should be avoided
they provide concentrated energy in the absence of carbohydrates and are the most energy-
dense source of calories.
vitamins - Answer potent and essential compounds that promote growth and help maintain life
and health.
too much or too little can cause symptoms and health problems.
-fat soluble vitamins are stored in the body, examples are vitamin D and K
-water soluble vitamins are excreted, examples are vitamin C and Folic Acid
2ee|eeP a g e
, minerals - Answer needed in small amounts for physiological processes within the body such as
transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction, and vitamin absorption. the major minerals
needed by the body include sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. other
minerals include copper, fluoride, iodide, iron, selenium, and zinc
guidelines for a healthy diet - Answer healthful diet should be:
-adequate, providing enough energy, nutrients, and fiber to maintain health and essential body
functions.
-moderate, in terms of consumption, portion control, and awareness of total amount of
nutrients.
-balanced, containing the proper combination of foods from different groups.
-varied with many different foods consumed each day.
-nutrient dense , with a high proportion of vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients compared to
number of calories.
my plate plan - Answer-balance calories and understand serving sizes.
-increase nutrient-dense foods like vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free dairy products
-reduce some foods, such as solid fats, sugars, and salt
food allergy - Answer an abnormal response to a food that is triggered by the immune system.
8 major food allergies:
milk, eggs, peanuts, wheat, soy, tree nuts, fish
shellfish
food intolerance - Answer can cause symptoms of gastric upset, but are not the result of
immune system responses.
example: lactose intolerance, some food additives (MSG, dyes sulfates, gluten)
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