FNP 1 Dermatology FINAL Exam Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct

FNP 1 Dermatology FINAL Exam Questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct What is a furuncle? How does it present? - ANSWER -furuncle = boil = inflamed or infected hair follicle often develops into an abscess Where are furuncles usually found? - ANSWER -hairy areas - back, butt, face, armpits What is the causative organism of a furuncle? - ANSWER -Staph (MSSA or MRSA) How do you treat / manage a furuncle? - ANSWER -I & D warm compresses If its purulent or systemic symptoms, treat like MRSA: Bactrim DS Clindamycin Doxycycline / minocycline (tetracycline) What is a carbuncle? How do you treat / manage it? - ANSWER -a collection of furuncles same tx as a furuncle IMPETIGO What is impetigo? What age group does it usually affect? What is the causative organism? - ANSWER -Impetigo is a bacterial infection. Typically affects children Caused by Staph (MSSA, MRSA) or strep Treatment: 1. Keflex x 10 days 2. Dicloxacillin x 10 days --- if PCN allergy = macrolide ** if only a few lesions with no bulla = *Mupirocin 2% ointment* What is atopic dermatitis? Describe the pathophys - ANSWER -eczema (allergic dermatitis) Type I (IgE mediated) immune system hypersensitivity reaction. Strong atopic (genetic) component. Signs/symptoms of atopic reactions are due to the effects of histamine released by mast cell degranulation, and include conjunctivitis, rhinitis, hypotension, and asthma What important aspects of pt hx are important to elicit to dx atopic dermatitis? - ANSWER -history of asthma/allergy family history of respiratory allergies chronic/relapsing course How does atopic dermatitis present? - ANSWER -dry, erythematous, itchy skin, rash-like, may be scaly or flaky How is atopic dermatitis managed? - ANSWER -emollients (3x daily is helpful) cool compresses antihistamines (for pruritis) topical steroids (hydrocortisone or desonide) What is contact dermatitis? Describe the pathophys - ANSWER -Type IV - cell mediated - hypersensitivity reactions (no antibodies involved) Irritants react with proteins on the skin, resulting rash is confined to the area that came into direct contact with the allergen. First contact with the allergen sensitizes the individual by stimulating creation of memory T cells. Second contact with the allergen activates T cells, resulting in a delayed skin reaction. How does contact dermatitis present? - ANSWER -erythematous rash, often with well defined borders reflecting the shape of the irritant. may be blistering or edematous depending on the duration of contact What clues should you use to diagnose contact dermatitis? - ANSWER -History = attempt to determine what the allergen was and when it was encountered. Location of the rash What is the treatment for contact dermatitis? - ANSWER -Recognizing and eliminating offending agents Topical steroids Compare / contrast atopic vs contact dermatitis - ANSWER -ATOPIC vs CONTACT DERMATITIS immediate vs delayed reaction rash w/ill defined borders vs rash w/distinct borders chronic/relapsing vs acute HERPES ZOSTER (SHINGLES) Pathophys Presentation - ANSWER -PATHOPHYS: reactivation of the varicella virus - varicella becomes latent in the dermatome, is kept in check by an intact immune system - usu no systemic illness - PAINFUL - PRURITIC - prodromal phase: sometimes intense burning sensation prior to appearance of lesions Lesions: vesicles occurring in a single dermatome, UNILATERAL, slowly resolve with crusting *don't forget: 6 - 9% of patients will present in a BILATERAL PRESENTATION * What is the treatment for herpes zoster (shingles)?