PSY 340 EXAM I QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
According to the text, which of the following would not be a threat to the generalizability
of
personality research?
A. More women than men participate in research.
B. Participants who show up for research studies are more conventional than
individuals who do not show up.
C. Personality researchers strive to study multiple cohorts.
D. Much personality research is based on samples of college students
C
According to the textbook, there are no perfect ________ of personality, only ________
a. Measures; devices
b. Indicators; clues
c. Theories; hypotheses
d. Reliable measures; valid measures
B
Researchers must use clues to personality in their research because personality
a. Is defined solely by biological factors that cannot be observed.
B. Tests are unethical.
C. Is something difficult to measure that resides inside an individual.
D. Is defined by responses to self-report questionnaires.
C
When gathering data or clues about personality, the best policy is to
a. Gather only a very small number of clues and focus on the important ones.
B. Gather only clues that are certain not to be misleading.
C. Rely solely on self-report data.
D. Collect as many clues as possible
D
,Because each kind of data has limitations, personality psychologists should
a. Not bother collecting data.
B. Gather as much data as possible.
C. Only use l data, which are the most reliable.
D. Use only one source of data and control for its limitations
B
There is a possibility that individuals are so accustomed to certain aspects of their
personality
that they might not be aware of those traits. This is called the ________ effect
a. Fish-and-water
b. Self-verification
c. Self-expectancy
d. Narcissism
A
In order to examine the relationship between early life experiences and adult criminality,
dr.
Robbins asks his research participants to fill out questionnaires describing their early
lives. He
then obtains copies of their arrest records from the county courthouse. The
questionnaires used
in dr. Robbins's study would be ________ data, whereas the arrest records would be
______
a. L; b
b. S; i
c. S; l
d. B; l
C
,To assess the personality traits of a group of 5-year-olds, researchers use puppets to
illustrate
different personality traits. Children are then asked to pick the puppet that best matches
their
personalities. This is an example of ________ data
a. S
b. I
c. L
d. B
A
The goal of the dissertation in the process of scientific education is to demonstrate that
the
future scientist
a. Has memorized all of the known facts about a given topic.
B. Has read all of the known articles about a given a topic.
C. Can contribute something new to the field.
D. Can apply the technical knowledge learned in graduate school
C
According to the text, the goal of a scientific education is to
a. Question what is known and how to find out what is not yet known.
B. Convey what facts are already known about a subject.
C. Train individuals to exclusively rely on deductive reasoning to solve problems.
D. All of the answer options are correct.
A
According to the text, a ________ would receive technical training, whereas a
________ would
, receive scientific education
a. Pharmacologist; pharmacist
b. Physician; biologist
c. Botanist; computer programmer
d. Research psychologist; clinical psychologist
B
________ data are the most frequently used basis for personality assessment.
A. B
b. L
c. S
d. I
C
I data are
a. Self-judgments.
B. Judgments made by knowledgeable observers.
C. Easily observable, real-life outcomes.
D. Direct observations of the subject in some predefined context
B
I data essentially measure
a. Your internal states or emotions.
B. Your level of self-awareness.
C. Your reputation.
D. Work productivity (in industrial psychology)
C
According to the text, which of the following would not be a threat to the generalizability
of
personality research?
A. More women than men participate in research.
B. Participants who show up for research studies are more conventional than
individuals who do not show up.
C. Personality researchers strive to study multiple cohorts.
D. Much personality research is based on samples of college students
C
According to the textbook, there are no perfect ________ of personality, only ________
a. Measures; devices
b. Indicators; clues
c. Theories; hypotheses
d. Reliable measures; valid measures
B
Researchers must use clues to personality in their research because personality
a. Is defined solely by biological factors that cannot be observed.
B. Tests are unethical.
C. Is something difficult to measure that resides inside an individual.
D. Is defined by responses to self-report questionnaires.
C
When gathering data or clues about personality, the best policy is to
a. Gather only a very small number of clues and focus on the important ones.
B. Gather only clues that are certain not to be misleading.
C. Rely solely on self-report data.
D. Collect as many clues as possible
D
,Because each kind of data has limitations, personality psychologists should
a. Not bother collecting data.
B. Gather as much data as possible.
C. Only use l data, which are the most reliable.
D. Use only one source of data and control for its limitations
B
There is a possibility that individuals are so accustomed to certain aspects of their
personality
that they might not be aware of those traits. This is called the ________ effect
a. Fish-and-water
b. Self-verification
c. Self-expectancy
d. Narcissism
A
In order to examine the relationship between early life experiences and adult criminality,
dr.
Robbins asks his research participants to fill out questionnaires describing their early
lives. He
then obtains copies of their arrest records from the county courthouse. The
questionnaires used
in dr. Robbins's study would be ________ data, whereas the arrest records would be
______
a. L; b
b. S; i
c. S; l
d. B; l
C
,To assess the personality traits of a group of 5-year-olds, researchers use puppets to
illustrate
different personality traits. Children are then asked to pick the puppet that best matches
their
personalities. This is an example of ________ data
a. S
b. I
c. L
d. B
A
The goal of the dissertation in the process of scientific education is to demonstrate that
the
future scientist
a. Has memorized all of the known facts about a given topic.
B. Has read all of the known articles about a given a topic.
C. Can contribute something new to the field.
D. Can apply the technical knowledge learned in graduate school
C
According to the text, the goal of a scientific education is to
a. Question what is known and how to find out what is not yet known.
B. Convey what facts are already known about a subject.
C. Train individuals to exclusively rely on deductive reasoning to solve problems.
D. All of the answer options are correct.
A
According to the text, a ________ would receive technical training, whereas a
________ would
, receive scientific education
a. Pharmacologist; pharmacist
b. Physician; biologist
c. Botanist; computer programmer
d. Research psychologist; clinical psychologist
B
________ data are the most frequently used basis for personality assessment.
A. B
b. L
c. S
d. I
C
I data are
a. Self-judgments.
B. Judgments made by knowledgeable observers.
C. Easily observable, real-life outcomes.
D. Direct observations of the subject in some predefined context
B
I data essentially measure
a. Your internal states or emotions.
B. Your level of self-awareness.
C. Your reputation.
D. Work productivity (in industrial psychology)
C
