11/14/25, 5:19 AM USABO Exam Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) ||ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!! Graded A+ | 2025|2026 EXAM UPDATE …
USABO Exam Questions and Answers (Verified
Answers) ||ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!! Graded A+
| 2025|2026 EXAM UPDATE
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Terms in this set (867)
An organism whose cells
contain complex structures
enclosed within membranes.
The defining membrane
bound structure thats sets
them apart from prokaryotic
Eukaryote cells is the nucleas or nuclear
envelope within which the
genetic material is carried. All
species of large complex
species are eukaryotes,
including animals, plants and
funghi.
This shows as pale areas in
the nucleas under electro
magnification. It is a less
densly packed form of
Euchromatin
chromatin; 10% is even less
condensed and in this form it
can be actively transcribed to
produce RNA.
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This shows as dark areas on
the eukaryotic nucleas; it is
Heterochromatin densly packed chormatin
(DNA and protein complex)
which cannot be transcribed.
Special proteins around which
DNA is wrapped.
Histones
Intermediate filament
proteins which protect the
structure of the nucleas, they
polymerize to from a network
Lamins of filaments that lie just
within the nuclear membrane.
The network of these filament
proteins is called the nuclear
lamina.
The network of intermediate nuclear filament
proteins (Lamins) which is located just below the
Nuclear Lamina
nuclear membrane and is linked to the membrane
and chromatin.
9nm (approx) gaps in the
nuclear envelope that allow
the passage of RNA and
Nuclear Pores ribosomes out of the nucleas
and the entry of selected
small proteins and small
water soluble molecules.
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An organism of the kingdom
of Monera, comprising the
bacteria and cyanobacteria.
Characterised by the
abscence of a distinct,
Prokarayotes membrane bound nucleas or
membrane bound organelles
and by DNA that is not
organised in to
chromosomes. Also called
moneran.
Any of various unicellular
eukaryotic organisms and
their multicellular, coenocytic
or colocial descendants that
belong to the kingdom of
Protocista according to some
taxonomic systems. The
Protoctist
protoctists include
protozoans, slime moulds,
various algae and other
groups. In many new
classification systems, all
proctists are considered
protists.
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Affectionately known as the 'address label' of a
polypeptide. A short (3-60 amino acids long)
peptide chain that directs the transport of a
protein. These may also be called targeting
signals, signal peptides, transit peptides, or
localization signals.
Signal Sequence
The amino acid sequences of these direct proteins
(which are synthesized in the cytosol) to certain
organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondrial
matrix, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast,
apoplast and peroxisome. Some signal peptides
are cleaved from the protein by signal peptidase
after the proteins are transported.
The endoplasmic reticulum
(ER) is a eukaryotic organelle
that forms an interconnected
network of tubules, vesicles,
and cisternae within cells.
Rough endoplasmic reticula
synthesize proteins, while
smooth endoplasmic reticula
synthesize lipids and steroids,
Endoplasmic Reticulum
metabolize carbohydrates and
steroids (but not lipids), and
regulate calcium
concentration, drug
metabolism, and attachment
of receptors on cell
membrane proteins.
Sarcoplasmic reticula solely
regulate calcium levels.
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USABO Exam Questions and Answers (Verified
Answers) ||ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!! Graded A+
| 2025|2026 EXAM UPDATE
Save
Terms in this set (867)
An organism whose cells
contain complex structures
enclosed within membranes.
The defining membrane
bound structure thats sets
them apart from prokaryotic
Eukaryote cells is the nucleas or nuclear
envelope within which the
genetic material is carried. All
species of large complex
species are eukaryotes,
including animals, plants and
funghi.
This shows as pale areas in
the nucleas under electro
magnification. It is a less
densly packed form of
Euchromatin
chromatin; 10% is even less
condensed and in this form it
can be actively transcribed to
produce RNA.
https://quizlet.com/1108126121/usabo-exam-questions-and-answers-verified-answers-actual-exam-2025-test-graded-a-20252026-exam-update-flas… 1/151
,11/14/25, 5:19 AM USABO Exam Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) ||ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!! Graded A+ | 2025|2026 EXAM UPDATE …
This shows as dark areas on
the eukaryotic nucleas; it is
Heterochromatin densly packed chormatin
(DNA and protein complex)
which cannot be transcribed.
Special proteins around which
DNA is wrapped.
Histones
Intermediate filament
proteins which protect the
structure of the nucleas, they
polymerize to from a network
Lamins of filaments that lie just
within the nuclear membrane.
The network of these filament
proteins is called the nuclear
lamina.
The network of intermediate nuclear filament
proteins (Lamins) which is located just below the
Nuclear Lamina
nuclear membrane and is linked to the membrane
and chromatin.
9nm (approx) gaps in the
nuclear envelope that allow
the passage of RNA and
Nuclear Pores ribosomes out of the nucleas
and the entry of selected
small proteins and small
water soluble molecules.
https://quizlet.com/1108126121/usabo-exam-questions-and-answers-verified-answers-actual-exam-2025-test-graded-a-20252026-exam-update-flas… 2/151
,11/14/25, 5:19 AM USABO Exam Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) ||ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!! Graded A+ | 2025|2026 EXAM UPDATE …
An organism of the kingdom
of Monera, comprising the
bacteria and cyanobacteria.
Characterised by the
abscence of a distinct,
Prokarayotes membrane bound nucleas or
membrane bound organelles
and by DNA that is not
organised in to
chromosomes. Also called
moneran.
Any of various unicellular
eukaryotic organisms and
their multicellular, coenocytic
or colocial descendants that
belong to the kingdom of
Protocista according to some
taxonomic systems. The
Protoctist
protoctists include
protozoans, slime moulds,
various algae and other
groups. In many new
classification systems, all
proctists are considered
protists.
https://quizlet.com/1108126121/usabo-exam-questions-and-answers-verified-answers-actual-exam-2025-test-graded-a-20252026-exam-update-flas… 3/151
, 11/14/25, 5:19 AM USABO Exam Questions and Answers (Verified Answers) ||ACTUAL EXAM 2025 TEST!! Graded A+ | 2025|2026 EXAM UPDATE …
Affectionately known as the 'address label' of a
polypeptide. A short (3-60 amino acids long)
peptide chain that directs the transport of a
protein. These may also be called targeting
signals, signal peptides, transit peptides, or
localization signals.
Signal Sequence
The amino acid sequences of these direct proteins
(which are synthesized in the cytosol) to certain
organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondrial
matrix, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast,
apoplast and peroxisome. Some signal peptides
are cleaved from the protein by signal peptidase
after the proteins are transported.
The endoplasmic reticulum
(ER) is a eukaryotic organelle
that forms an interconnected
network of tubules, vesicles,
and cisternae within cells.
Rough endoplasmic reticula
synthesize proteins, while
smooth endoplasmic reticula
synthesize lipids and steroids,
Endoplasmic Reticulum
metabolize carbohydrates and
steroids (but not lipids), and
regulate calcium
concentration, drug
metabolism, and attachment
of receptors on cell
membrane proteins.
Sarcoplasmic reticula solely
regulate calcium levels.
https://quizlet.com/1108126121/usabo-exam-questions-and-answers-verified-answers-actual-exam-2025-test-graded-a-20252026-exam-update-flas… 4/151
