WX-004 – Advanced Welding Metallurgy,
Solidification, NDE & Materials Science –
Verified Q&A Study Bank (2025)
A Wide solidification range and rapid growth rate during solidification will encourage:
(a) planar growth.
(b) equilibrium conditions.
(c) no constitutional supercooling.
(d) dendritic growth.
(e) eutectic formation. - (d)✅✅✅
Can strain aging in low carbon steels take place at room temperature? - Yes✅✅✅
Centerline hot cracking im more likely with:
(a) shallow, round welds.
(b) short weld pools.
(c) wide groove angles.
(d) deep, narrow welds.
(e) vertical welds. - (d)✅✅✅
Compared with pure tungsten, a thoriated tungsten electrode is expected to:
(a) get hotter more quickly.
(b) absorb more electrons.
(c) have a shorten life.
(d) operate at a lower temperature for the same current.
(e) emit more ions. - (d)✅✅✅
Electricity can be conducted by:
(a) atoms and electrons.
(b) electrons and ions.
(c) only ions. - (b)✅✅✅
From Figure 11.10(Module 20-2014, page 54), estimate the cooling rate for a submerged arc
bead on a 19 mm plate (no preheat) with an energy input of 1.77 kJ/in. - 16°C/s at
540°C✅✅✅
Hot Cracking during welding is more likely in:
, (a) pure metals.
(b) alloys with a wide solidification range.
(c) alloys with a very high alloy content. - (b)✅✅✅
How can porosity due to nitrogen be controlled in welding nickel? - By using filler metal
containing titanium.✅✅✅
How does yield strength vary with grain size? - Inversely as the square root of the grain
size.✅✅✅
How many phases are there in a eutectic- one or two? - Two✅✅✅
If centerline solidification cracking is occuring in welding a structural steel what is a likely
cause?
(a) electrical extension too long
(b) arc voltage too high
(c) welding current and speed too high
(d) weld too large - (c)✅✅✅
If FCC iron has a denser structure than BCC iron, why does it have a higher solubility for
carbon? - The preferred site for carbon in BCC iron is smaller than that in FCC
iron.✅✅✅
If two metals have complete mutual solid solubility how many phases are formed in the solid-
one or two? - One✅✅✅
In an electroslag flux the current is carried mainly by:
(a) neutral oxides.
(b) holes.
(c) mobile ions.
(d) thermionic electrons.
(e) free electrons. - (c)✅✅✅
Increasing the initial plate temperature (preheat):
(a) has no effect on the cooling rate.
(b) reduces the weld heat input.
(c) reduces the cooling rate.
(d) causes narrower isotherms.
(e) improves the arc efficiency. - (c)✅✅✅
Multiplication and subsequent congestion of moving dislocations causes:
Solidification, NDE & Materials Science –
Verified Q&A Study Bank (2025)
A Wide solidification range and rapid growth rate during solidification will encourage:
(a) planar growth.
(b) equilibrium conditions.
(c) no constitutional supercooling.
(d) dendritic growth.
(e) eutectic formation. - (d)✅✅✅
Can strain aging in low carbon steels take place at room temperature? - Yes✅✅✅
Centerline hot cracking im more likely with:
(a) shallow, round welds.
(b) short weld pools.
(c) wide groove angles.
(d) deep, narrow welds.
(e) vertical welds. - (d)✅✅✅
Compared with pure tungsten, a thoriated tungsten electrode is expected to:
(a) get hotter more quickly.
(b) absorb more electrons.
(c) have a shorten life.
(d) operate at a lower temperature for the same current.
(e) emit more ions. - (d)✅✅✅
Electricity can be conducted by:
(a) atoms and electrons.
(b) electrons and ions.
(c) only ions. - (b)✅✅✅
From Figure 11.10(Module 20-2014, page 54), estimate the cooling rate for a submerged arc
bead on a 19 mm plate (no preheat) with an energy input of 1.77 kJ/in. - 16°C/s at
540°C✅✅✅
Hot Cracking during welding is more likely in:
, (a) pure metals.
(b) alloys with a wide solidification range.
(c) alloys with a very high alloy content. - (b)✅✅✅
How can porosity due to nitrogen be controlled in welding nickel? - By using filler metal
containing titanium.✅✅✅
How does yield strength vary with grain size? - Inversely as the square root of the grain
size.✅✅✅
How many phases are there in a eutectic- one or two? - Two✅✅✅
If centerline solidification cracking is occuring in welding a structural steel what is a likely
cause?
(a) electrical extension too long
(b) arc voltage too high
(c) welding current and speed too high
(d) weld too large - (c)✅✅✅
If FCC iron has a denser structure than BCC iron, why does it have a higher solubility for
carbon? - The preferred site for carbon in BCC iron is smaller than that in FCC
iron.✅✅✅
If two metals have complete mutual solid solubility how many phases are formed in the solid-
one or two? - One✅✅✅
In an electroslag flux the current is carried mainly by:
(a) neutral oxides.
(b) holes.
(c) mobile ions.
(d) thermionic electrons.
(e) free electrons. - (c)✅✅✅
Increasing the initial plate temperature (preheat):
(a) has no effect on the cooling rate.
(b) reduces the weld heat input.
(c) reduces the cooling rate.
(d) causes narrower isotherms.
(e) improves the arc efficiency. - (c)✅✅✅
Multiplication and subsequent congestion of moving dislocations causes:
