Psych 2000 Exam #3 LSU Questions and Answers Verified 100% Correct

Psych 2000 Exam #3 LSU Questions and Answers Verified 100% Correct Who is Erikson? - ANSWER -He was the man who created the 8 major "crises" theory. Stage 1 (Babies) - ANSWER -Trust v Mistrust. Do we get the proper care from those we trust or do we not get cared for and mistrust those who are suppose to care for us? Stage 2 (Few months old) - ANSWER -Autonomy v Shame and Doubt. Do we gain independence through control of our own actions or do we get blocked and develop a sense of shame for failing? Stage 3 (age 3-6) - ANSWER -Initiative v Guilt. Do we learn how to control or actions and behaviors or do we fail and develop a sense of guilt and anxiousness? Stage 4 (age 6-12) - ANSWER -Industry v Inferiority. Do we succeed in learning and develop a sense of industry or do we fail to learn and feel incompetent. Stage 5 (age 12-19) - ANSWER -Identity v Identity Confusion. The main questions are "Who am I? Where am I going? Do I have a unified sense of self?" You make decision about occupation, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior. Stage 6 (age 19-35) - ANSWER -Intimacy v Isolation. The main questions are "Shall I share my life with another? Can I form a committed relationship with another?" You determine who you are with another human being, leading to satisfying intimacy or isolation and loneliness. Stage 7 (age 35-60) - ANSWER -Generativity v Stagnation. The main questions are "Will I produce something of value? Have I contributed?" We challenge ourselves to transmit something positive to the next gen or we will feel stagnant. Stage 8 (60-DEATH) - ANSWER -Integrity v Despair. The main questions are "Have I lived a full life?" Have you accepted your life (successes and failures) or fear death and feel empty. Motivation - ANSWER -The process by which activities are started, directed, and continued so that our needs and wants are met. Intrinsic Motivation - ANSWER -A person preforms an action that rewards them internally. Extrinsic Motivation - ANSWER -A person preforms an action that effects them on the outside. An example of this would be a person working to be rewarded with pay. Instinct Approach - ANSWER -Motivation that assumes people are governed by instincts similar to those of animals. Drive - ANSWER -A psychological tension and physical arousal when there is a need to motivate an organism to act to reduce the need. Need - ANSWER -Requirement for survival (food or water). Primary Drives - ANSWER -Involves needs of the body such as hunger or thirst. Secondary (Acquired) Drives - ANSWER -These are learned through experience or conditioning, such as the need for approval and money. Drive Reduction Theory - ANSWER -This theory assumes behavior arises from needs that cause internal drives to push the organism to satisfy those needs. Homeostasis - ANSWER -Tendency of an organism to try and keep its body at its regular (desired) state. 3 needs: - ANSWER -Achievement, power, and affiliation. Amygdala - ANSWER -Located within the limbic system on each side of the brain. Associated with both fear and pleasure (emotions). This part process info in two ways (High and low road). High Road - ANSWER -In this situation the Amygdala use cortical pathways. This results in a slower more complex response. This slow and complicated response allows us to recognize the threat and take control of our senses. Low Road - ANSWER -In this situation the Amygdala uses pathways under the cortex, which is faster. Even though this response is quicker it isn't always better. It doesn't allow us to properly observe the situation using our senses, but allow an almost immediate response such as a cry of "HELP!!" Schachter and Singer Model - ANSWER -Cognitive Arousal Theory. (ANS = autonomic nervous system) Cognitive Arousal Theory - ANSWER -Two things happen before emotion occurs: the physical arousal and a labeling of the arousal based on environmental cues. Lazarus and the Cognitive Mediational Theory - ANSWER -The most important aspect of any emotional experience is how the person interprets or appraises the stimulus that causes the emotional reaction. Facial Feedback Hypothesis - ANSWER -Facial expressions provide feedback to the brain concerning the emotion being expressed, which in turn not only intensifies the emotion, but also actually causes the emotion. Conformity - ANSWER -Changing one's own behavior to more closely math the action of others. Asch did an experiment with a card with individual lines and asked actors to ANSWER incorrectly. After watching a group ANSWER incorrectly each time the participant had the ANSWER, but still decided to fail with the group. Compliance - ANSWER -Occurs when people change their behavior as a result of others input. Person asking for change really has no authority over the individual. Foot-in-the-Door (small request followed by bigger one), Door-in-Face (large request first), or Lowball (once a commitment is made the work increases). Obedience - ANSWER -Changing one's behavior at the direct order of an authority figure. Milgram Experiment in which professor shocked their students at the command of an instructor even though the shocks were of incredible amounts. Prejudice - ANSWER -Unsupported and negative stereotypes. Discrimination - ANSWER -Treating people differently because of prejudice toward the social group to which they belong.