Psych 2000 Exam #3 LSU Questions and Answers Verified 100% Correct

Psych 2000 Exam #3 LSU Questions and Answers Verified 100% Correct Criticism of Piaget's Theories - ANSWER -Development is continuous and doesn't have clear hierarchies like his theory. Children express their mental abilities at a variation ages. He stressed the importance of children's' interactions with objects, not with humans. Nature - ANSWER -Refers to heredity, the influence of inherited characteristics on our personality, physique, intellect, and social prowess. Nurture - ANSWER -Refers to the influence of the our environment on what we grow up to be like. This is how our parents influence us. Nature v Nurture - ANSWER -Debate that discusses how our personality, behavior, intellect, etc come to exist. Does it come from our DNA or does it come from how we are raised? Turns out that its a mixture of both! Mono-zygotic (Identical) - ANSWER -This is the term used to describe twins that come from a single egg. A single egg is impregnated and splits forming two babies. Each baby will be the same sex and have the same physical features. Di-zygotic (Fraternal) - ANSWER -This is the term used that describes the phenomena that occurs when two eggs are fertilized at the same time. Dicephaly (Conjoined) - ANSWER -This is the term used when two separate beings are attached form the waist down (Abby and Brittany). Genetics - ANSWER -This is the science of heredity. Understanding how genes transmit human characteristics and traits. How many chromosomes do normal humans have? - ANSWER -46; 23 from mom and 23 from dad. Dominant Genes - ANSWER -These genes are highly active and influencing genes. This type of gene will always be expressed. Recessive Genes - ANSWER -These genes are less active and influencing. They can only be expressed if matched with another less active gene. Epigenetics - ANSWER -This is changing the widely accepted linear conception of genome function by explaining how environmental and psychological factors regulate the activity of our genome without involving changes in the DNA sequence. Who is Erikson? - ANSWER -He was the man who created the 8 major "crises" theory. Stage 1 (Babies) - ANSWER -Trust v Mistrust. Do we get the proper care from those we trust or do we not get cared for and mistrust those who are suppose to care for us? Stage 2 (Few months old) - ANSWER -Autonomy v Shame and Doubt. Do we gain independence through control of our own actions or do we get blocked and develop a sense of shame for failing? Stage 3 (age 3-6) - ANSWER -Initiative v Guilt. Do we learn how to control or actions and behaviors or do we fail and develop a sense of guilt and anxiousness? Stage 4 (age 6-12) - ANSWER -Industry v Inferiority. Do we succeed in learning and develop a sense of industry or do we fail to learn and feel incompetent. Stage 5 (age 12-19) - ANSWER -Identity v Identity Confusion. The main questions are "Who am I? Where am I going? Do I have a unified sense of self?" You make decision about occupation, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior. Stage 6 (age 19-35) - ANSWER -Intimacy v Isolation. The main questions are "Shall I share my life with another? Can I form a committed relationship with another?" You determine who you are with another human being, leading to satisfying intimacy or isolation and loneliness. Stage 7 (age 35-60) - ANSWER -Generativity v Stagnation. The main questions are "Will I produce something of value? Have I contributed?" We challenge ourselves to transmit something positive to the next gen or we will feel stagnant. Stage 8 (60-DEATH) - ANSWER -Integrity v Despair. The main questions are "Have I lived a full life?" Have you accepted your life (successes and failures) or fear death and feel empty. Motivation - ANSWER -The process by which activities are started, directed, and continued so that our needs and wants are met. Intrinsic Motivation - ANSWER -A person preforms an action that rewards them internally. Extrinsic Motivation - ANSWER -A person preforms an action that effects them on the outside. An example of this would be a person working to be rewarded with pay. Instinct Approach - ANSWER -Motivation that assumes people are governed by instincts similar to those of animals. Drive - ANSWER -A psychological tension and physical arousal when there is a need to motivate an organism to act to reduce the need. Need - ANSWER -Requirement for survival (food or water). Primary Drives - ANSWER -Involves needs of the body such as hunger or thirst. Secondary (Acquired) Drives - ANSWER -These are learned through experience or conditioning, such as the need for approval and money. Drive Reduction Theory - ANSWER -This theory assumes behavior arises from needs that cause internal drives to push the organism to satisfy those needs. Homeostasis - ANSWER -Tendency of an organism to try and keep its body at its regular (desired) state. 3 needs: - ANSWER -Achievement, power, and affiliation. Amygdala - ANSWER -Located within the limbic system on each side of the brain. Associated with both fear and pleasure (emotions). This part process info in two ways (High and low road).