Nurs 323 Midterm Exam (Latest 2026/ 2027
Update) 100% Verified Questions & Answers
| Grade A -College of Mount Saint Vincent
Which oral diabetes drugs directly stimulate insulin secretion? How does this differentiate them
from other oral antidiabetic drugs?
Sulfonylureas (-ide)
- Glipizide (Glucotrol)
- Glyburide (DiaBeta, Micronase)
- Glimepiride (Amaryl)
Meglitinides (glinides)
- Repaglinide (Prandin)
- Nateglinide (Starlix)
They have a greater risk of hypoglycemia than other oral diabetic agents, since the others only
increase glucose uptake or increase insulin sensitivity (not the amount of insulin produced)
What medications are Biguanides?
- Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides mechanism of action
- Decreases glucose production by the liver
- Sensitizes insulin receptors in tissues
- Reduces absorption of glucose in GI tract
, Nurs 323 Midterm Exam (Latest 2026/ 2027
Update) 100% Verified Questions & Answers
| Grade A -College of Mount Saint Vincent
- DOES NOT stimulate release of insulin - helps EXISTING insulin ALREADY present be more
effective
- Can be used off label for weight loss
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides indications for use
Type 2 diabetes - drug of choice for initial T2 therapy
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides contraindications
- Severe infection
- Kidney impairment
- Alcohol use disorder
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides adverse effects
- GI upset (common); usually subside with use
, Nurs 323 Midterm Exam (Latest 2026/ 2027
Update) 100% Verified Questions & Answers
| Grade A -College of Mount Saint Vincent
- B12, folic acid deficiency due to altered absorption; provide supplements if needed
- Lactic acidosis; rare, severe reaction to toxicity
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides interactions
- Alcohol - increased risk of lactic acidosis
- Iodinated radiocontrast media - risk of acute kidney failure
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
What medications are Sulfonylureas?
Tolbuatmide (Orinase)
Glyburide (DiaBeta, Micronase)
Glimepiride (Amaryl)
Sulfonylureas mechanism of action
- Promotes insulin secretion from pancreatic islets
- Increase tissue sensitivity to insulin over time
Sulfonylureas = Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride
, Nurs 323 Midterm Exam (Latest 2026/ 2027
Update) 100% Verified Questions & Answers
| Grade A -College of Mount Saint Vincent
Sulfonylureas indications for use
- Type 2 diabetes treatment
Sulfonylureas = Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride
Sulfonylureas contraindications
Pregnancy - teratogenic in animal studies
Causes sustained hypoglycemia in neonate if taken close to birth
Sulfonylureas = Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride
Sulfonylureas adverse effects
- Cardiovascular toxicity
- Weight gain
Sulfonylureas = Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride
Sulfonylureas interactions
- Alcohol - nausea, vomiting, palpitations
Update) 100% Verified Questions & Answers
| Grade A -College of Mount Saint Vincent
Which oral diabetes drugs directly stimulate insulin secretion? How does this differentiate them
from other oral antidiabetic drugs?
Sulfonylureas (-ide)
- Glipizide (Glucotrol)
- Glyburide (DiaBeta, Micronase)
- Glimepiride (Amaryl)
Meglitinides (glinides)
- Repaglinide (Prandin)
- Nateglinide (Starlix)
They have a greater risk of hypoglycemia than other oral diabetic agents, since the others only
increase glucose uptake or increase insulin sensitivity (not the amount of insulin produced)
What medications are Biguanides?
- Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides mechanism of action
- Decreases glucose production by the liver
- Sensitizes insulin receptors in tissues
- Reduces absorption of glucose in GI tract
, Nurs 323 Midterm Exam (Latest 2026/ 2027
Update) 100% Verified Questions & Answers
| Grade A -College of Mount Saint Vincent
- DOES NOT stimulate release of insulin - helps EXISTING insulin ALREADY present be more
effective
- Can be used off label for weight loss
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides indications for use
Type 2 diabetes - drug of choice for initial T2 therapy
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides contraindications
- Severe infection
- Kidney impairment
- Alcohol use disorder
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides adverse effects
- GI upset (common); usually subside with use
, Nurs 323 Midterm Exam (Latest 2026/ 2027
Update) 100% Verified Questions & Answers
| Grade A -College of Mount Saint Vincent
- B12, folic acid deficiency due to altered absorption; provide supplements if needed
- Lactic acidosis; rare, severe reaction to toxicity
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides interactions
- Alcohol - increased risk of lactic acidosis
- Iodinated radiocontrast media - risk of acute kidney failure
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
What medications are Sulfonylureas?
Tolbuatmide (Orinase)
Glyburide (DiaBeta, Micronase)
Glimepiride (Amaryl)
Sulfonylureas mechanism of action
- Promotes insulin secretion from pancreatic islets
- Increase tissue sensitivity to insulin over time
Sulfonylureas = Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride
, Nurs 323 Midterm Exam (Latest 2026/ 2027
Update) 100% Verified Questions & Answers
| Grade A -College of Mount Saint Vincent
Sulfonylureas indications for use
- Type 2 diabetes treatment
Sulfonylureas = Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride
Sulfonylureas contraindications
Pregnancy - teratogenic in animal studies
Causes sustained hypoglycemia in neonate if taken close to birth
Sulfonylureas = Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride
Sulfonylureas adverse effects
- Cardiovascular toxicity
- Weight gain
Sulfonylureas = Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride
Sulfonylureas interactions
- Alcohol - nausea, vomiting, palpitations
