MHR 405 - Final Exam study set
Questions with Verified Answers
5 stages of group development - ANSWERSforming, storming, norming, performing,
adjourning
social loafing - ANSWERSthe tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when
pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable
free rider effect (social loafing) - ANSWERSPeople lower their effort to get a free ride at
the expense of their fellow group members
Sucker Effect (Social Loafing) - ANSWERSThe tendency to reduce one's effort when
believing that other group members are loafing.
Factors influencing group effectiveness - ANSWERSTask, Group composition,
Managerial support, Group processes, group effectiveness.
collective efficacy - ANSWERSa group's perception of its ability to successfully perform
well
team reflexivity - ANSWERSThe extent to which teams deliberately discuss team
processes and goals and adapt their behaviour accordingly.
Shared mental models - ANSWERSTeam members share identical information about
how they should interact and what their task is
Basic group structure characteristics - ANSWERSSize and member diversity(smaller
groups), Group norms(shared attitudes), Roles
Status, Cohesiveness or group cohesion(the degree to which a group is attracted to its
members)
Group cohesiveness factors - ANSWERSThreat and competition
Success
Member diversity
Group size
Toughness of initiation
additive tasks - ANSWERScontributions resulting from the abilities of every member
"add up" to determine team performance
disjunctive tasks - ANSWERStasks in which group performance is dependent on the
performance of the best group member
, conjunctive tasks - ANSWERStasks for which the team's performance depends on the
abilities of the team's weakest link
process loss - ANSWERSthe reduction in group performance due to obstacles created
by group processes, such as problems of coordination and motivation
role ambiguity - ANSWERSuncertainty about what the organization expects from the
employee in terms of what to do or how to do it
role conflict - ANSWERSthe tension caused by competing demands between two or
more roles pertaining to different statuses
What makes virtual teams effective? - ANSWERSBalance between alone time and time
interacting with other people.
informal leaders - ANSWERSdon't have formal authority and must rely on being well
liked or highly skilled to exert influence
Trait Theory - ANSWERSa leadership theory that holds that effective leaders possess a
similar set of traits or characteristics
Contingency Theory - ANSWERSa leadership theory that states that in order to
maximize work group performance, leaders must be matched to the situation that best
fits their leadership style
leadership categorization theory - ANSWERSpeople are more likely to view somebody
as a leader and to evaluate them as a more effective leader when they possess
prototypical characteristics of leadership
What are the predictors of leadership effectiveness from the big five personality traits? -
ANSWERSextraversion and conscientiousness
Consideration - ANSWERSextent to which leader is approachable and shows personal
concern
initiating structure - ANSWERSthe degree to which a leader structures the roles of
followers by setting goals, giving directions, setting deadlines, and assigning tasks
Fiedler's Contingency Theory - ANSWERSa theory stating that leadership effectiveness
is dependent on the characteristics of the leader and the characteristics of the situation
3 Factors that affect situational favourableness - ANSWERSLeader-member relations;
Task structure; Position power
Questions with Verified Answers
5 stages of group development - ANSWERSforming, storming, norming, performing,
adjourning
social loafing - ANSWERSthe tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when
pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable
free rider effect (social loafing) - ANSWERSPeople lower their effort to get a free ride at
the expense of their fellow group members
Sucker Effect (Social Loafing) - ANSWERSThe tendency to reduce one's effort when
believing that other group members are loafing.
Factors influencing group effectiveness - ANSWERSTask, Group composition,
Managerial support, Group processes, group effectiveness.
collective efficacy - ANSWERSa group's perception of its ability to successfully perform
well
team reflexivity - ANSWERSThe extent to which teams deliberately discuss team
processes and goals and adapt their behaviour accordingly.
Shared mental models - ANSWERSTeam members share identical information about
how they should interact and what their task is
Basic group structure characteristics - ANSWERSSize and member diversity(smaller
groups), Group norms(shared attitudes), Roles
Status, Cohesiveness or group cohesion(the degree to which a group is attracted to its
members)
Group cohesiveness factors - ANSWERSThreat and competition
Success
Member diversity
Group size
Toughness of initiation
additive tasks - ANSWERScontributions resulting from the abilities of every member
"add up" to determine team performance
disjunctive tasks - ANSWERStasks in which group performance is dependent on the
performance of the best group member
, conjunctive tasks - ANSWERStasks for which the team's performance depends on the
abilities of the team's weakest link
process loss - ANSWERSthe reduction in group performance due to obstacles created
by group processes, such as problems of coordination and motivation
role ambiguity - ANSWERSuncertainty about what the organization expects from the
employee in terms of what to do or how to do it
role conflict - ANSWERSthe tension caused by competing demands between two or
more roles pertaining to different statuses
What makes virtual teams effective? - ANSWERSBalance between alone time and time
interacting with other people.
informal leaders - ANSWERSdon't have formal authority and must rely on being well
liked or highly skilled to exert influence
Trait Theory - ANSWERSa leadership theory that holds that effective leaders possess a
similar set of traits or characteristics
Contingency Theory - ANSWERSa leadership theory that states that in order to
maximize work group performance, leaders must be matched to the situation that best
fits their leadership style
leadership categorization theory - ANSWERSpeople are more likely to view somebody
as a leader and to evaluate them as a more effective leader when they possess
prototypical characteristics of leadership
What are the predictors of leadership effectiveness from the big five personality traits? -
ANSWERSextraversion and conscientiousness
Consideration - ANSWERSextent to which leader is approachable and shows personal
concern
initiating structure - ANSWERSthe degree to which a leader structures the roles of
followers by setting goals, giving directions, setting deadlines, and assigning tasks
Fiedler's Contingency Theory - ANSWERSa theory stating that leadership effectiveness
is dependent on the characteristics of the leader and the characteristics of the situation
3 Factors that affect situational favourableness - ANSWERSLeader-member relations;
Task structure; Position power
