BIOL 212 Exam 1 SDSU Questions and
Verified Answers
Cytology - CORRECT ANSWERS -the study of cells
What can cells do? - CORRECT ANSWERS -1. Concentrate needed molecules
2. Expel waste
3. Synthesize large molecules with complex functions
4. Generate, store, and use energy for metabolic purposes
5. Move
Diseases usually begin at the _______ level - CORRECT ANSWERS -Cellular
Germ/gametes - CORRECT ANSWERS -Sex cells, sperm & egg
Somatic cell - CORRECT ANSWERS -Cells of the body
Cytosol - CORRECT ANSWERS -Intracellular fluid (ICF)
Cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWERS -Made up of cytosol and organelles
Extracellular fluid - CORRECT ANSWERS -Usually a watery fluid (such as interstitial fluid)
-It is the matrix of connective tissue
-Little intercellular space in some tissues
-Provides medium
Plasma Membrane - CORRECT ANSWERS --Surrounds every cell
-Separates cell contents from its surroundings (separates ICF from ECF)
-Controls movement of molecules into and out of cell (selectively permeable surface)
Functions of the plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWERS --Physical isolation of cell contents
from the extracellular fluid
-Sensitivity to changes in the extracellular fluid
-Structural support of the cell (depending on the cell)
-Regulation of exchange of materials between the cell and the extracellular fluid
Cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWERS -Contributes to fluidity and stability of cell membrane
, Proteins - CORRECT ANSWERS -lowers levels of lipids in the membrane
Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWERS -Only found on the outer surface of the membrane
Structure of phospholipid molecule - CORRECT ANSWERS -A negatively charged, polar,
hydrophilic head and two fatty acid tails that are uncharged and hydrophobic. One tail consists
of saturated fats and is straight whilst the other is unsaturated and bent
Only _________ substances are able to pass the phospholipid bilayer - CORRECT ANSWERS -
Lipid soluble
Water soluble molecules must pass the bilayer through ______ channels - CORRECT ANSWERS -
integral protein
glyco- = - CORRECT ANSWERS -carbo- = sugar
Passive process - CORRECT ANSWERS -No ATP used by cell, is concentration dependent (high ->
low concentration until system reaches equilibrium)
Active process - CORRECT ANSWERS -ATP use is required, not concentration dependent
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS -Substance moves from higher concentration to lower
concentration by way of kinetic (thermal) energy. A type of passive process
Facilitated diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS -Lipid-insoluble substances helped by membrane
carrier proteins (like a swinging door) down a concentration gradient. Passive process
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -Movement of water molecules across a membrane -> high H2O
concentration to low H2O concentration. Passive process
Filtration - CORRECT ANSWERS -Dissolved solutes (and water) moved across a membrane by
external mechanical forces (gravity, hydrostatic (blood pressure). Passive process
Active transport - CORRECT ANSWERS -Substances transported via membrane carrier protein
usually against concentration gradient. ATP is used
Endocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -Cell membrane engulfs (wraps around) a molecule,
organism, etc. It forms a vesicle by pinching off and bringing the vesicle within. It is
independent of concentration gradient
Exocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -Substances (secretion/waste/etc.) transported via vesicle
(membrane-bound bubble). It fuses to membrane and opens to outside. Independent of
concentration gradient
Sagittal plane - CORRECT ANSWERS -Divides the body into left and right sections
Midsagittal plane - CORRECT ANSWERS -Divides the body into equal right and left sections
Parasagittal plane - CORRECT ANSWERS -Divides the body into unequal right and left sections
Verified Answers
Cytology - CORRECT ANSWERS -the study of cells
What can cells do? - CORRECT ANSWERS -1. Concentrate needed molecules
2. Expel waste
3. Synthesize large molecules with complex functions
4. Generate, store, and use energy for metabolic purposes
5. Move
Diseases usually begin at the _______ level - CORRECT ANSWERS -Cellular
Germ/gametes - CORRECT ANSWERS -Sex cells, sperm & egg
Somatic cell - CORRECT ANSWERS -Cells of the body
Cytosol - CORRECT ANSWERS -Intracellular fluid (ICF)
Cytoplasm - CORRECT ANSWERS -Made up of cytosol and organelles
Extracellular fluid - CORRECT ANSWERS -Usually a watery fluid (such as interstitial fluid)
-It is the matrix of connective tissue
-Little intercellular space in some tissues
-Provides medium
Plasma Membrane - CORRECT ANSWERS --Surrounds every cell
-Separates cell contents from its surroundings (separates ICF from ECF)
-Controls movement of molecules into and out of cell (selectively permeable surface)
Functions of the plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWERS --Physical isolation of cell contents
from the extracellular fluid
-Sensitivity to changes in the extracellular fluid
-Structural support of the cell (depending on the cell)
-Regulation of exchange of materials between the cell and the extracellular fluid
Cholesterol - CORRECT ANSWERS -Contributes to fluidity and stability of cell membrane
, Proteins - CORRECT ANSWERS -lowers levels of lipids in the membrane
Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWERS -Only found on the outer surface of the membrane
Structure of phospholipid molecule - CORRECT ANSWERS -A negatively charged, polar,
hydrophilic head and two fatty acid tails that are uncharged and hydrophobic. One tail consists
of saturated fats and is straight whilst the other is unsaturated and bent
Only _________ substances are able to pass the phospholipid bilayer - CORRECT ANSWERS -
Lipid soluble
Water soluble molecules must pass the bilayer through ______ channels - CORRECT ANSWERS -
integral protein
glyco- = - CORRECT ANSWERS -carbo- = sugar
Passive process - CORRECT ANSWERS -No ATP used by cell, is concentration dependent (high ->
low concentration until system reaches equilibrium)
Active process - CORRECT ANSWERS -ATP use is required, not concentration dependent
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS -Substance moves from higher concentration to lower
concentration by way of kinetic (thermal) energy. A type of passive process
Facilitated diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS -Lipid-insoluble substances helped by membrane
carrier proteins (like a swinging door) down a concentration gradient. Passive process
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -Movement of water molecules across a membrane -> high H2O
concentration to low H2O concentration. Passive process
Filtration - CORRECT ANSWERS -Dissolved solutes (and water) moved across a membrane by
external mechanical forces (gravity, hydrostatic (blood pressure). Passive process
Active transport - CORRECT ANSWERS -Substances transported via membrane carrier protein
usually against concentration gradient. ATP is used
Endocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -Cell membrane engulfs (wraps around) a molecule,
organism, etc. It forms a vesicle by pinching off and bringing the vesicle within. It is
independent of concentration gradient
Exocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -Substances (secretion/waste/etc.) transported via vesicle
(membrane-bound bubble). It fuses to membrane and opens to outside. Independent of
concentration gradient
Sagittal plane - CORRECT ANSWERS -Divides the body into left and right sections
Midsagittal plane - CORRECT ANSWERS -Divides the body into equal right and left sections
Parasagittal plane - CORRECT ANSWERS -Divides the body into unequal right and left sections
