PKG 221 CORE EXAM SET UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Lehr - ✔✔- used for annealing
- hold bottle at high temp to allow glass to relax and cool
- relieves inside pressure
✔✔annealing - ✔✔heating up the glass then cooling it down to relieve the stress of the
container
✔✔hot end coating - ✔✔- preserve strength of container
- facilitate flow on fill line/mfr
- tin is a great hot end coating, primer for cold end
✔✔cold end coating - ✔✔- makes sure bottles don't scratch in passing
- amount of scratches/friction throughout processing and distribution is reduced
- applied after bottle cools
- food grade polyethylene is used to prove lubricity (glide) when containers are dry
✔✔press and blow - ✔✔- used for wide mouth jars
- gob falls into mold, plunger presses molten glass to sides of mold making a blank,
blank rotated and air is blown into blank
✔✔narrow neck press and blow - ✔✔- wall thickness
- used for bottles </= 1.5 inch
- uniform
- similar to press and blow, just a narrower neck
✔✔blow and blow - ✔✔- used for large vessels/heavy containers
- could cause uneven distribution at the bottom of bottle
- gob comes down into a mold, neck gets formed and air is blown, bottle rotated to
upright position and air is blown again
✔✔limestone, silica, soda ash... what is each used for - ✔✔- components of glass
- cant use only silica because it would be hard to melt, fine, and mold
- limestone: improves chemical durability
- soda ash: reduces the melting temperature
- silica: sand, glass forming oxide
✔✔light weighting - ✔✔- keep integrity
*how to lightweight*
- reduce punt size
- finish
- change shoulder design
- change blow and blow to press and blow
, - round out any sharp edges/corners
- need to consider for MFR and PROD teams
- will light weight affect marketability? consider
✔✔ROPP - ✔✔- used for carbonated soft drinks (beer, frit juice, liquor, food)
- resealable
- tamper evident
✔✔continuous thread - ✔✔- used for liquids, powders, tablets, food/bev, cosmetics
- resealable
- can be tamper evident
✔✔cork - ✔✔- still wine, champagne
✔✔bar top - ✔✔- used for ? whiskey maybe
✔✔crown - ✔✔- used for beer, soft drinks
- single use seal
- crimp/crown
✔✔lug- press on - ✔✔- used for prepared meats, vegetables, baby food
- prevents contaminants even when seal is broken
✔✔lug- screw on - ✔✔- used for sauces, jellies, pickles
- resealable
✔✔vacuum seal - ✔✔pressed or twisted into place while steam flushes the headspace
making a vacuum
✔✔pressure seal - ✔✔- used for carbonated beverages
- metal, cork, or plastic
✔✔normal seal - ✔✔- made/applied w/ pressure, induction, conduction
✔✔parting line - ✔✔
✔✔heel radii - ✔✔- should be 3 heel radii
- high abuse area
- better glass distribution on wall and base
- base of container should be 2X thickness of wall
✔✔finish - ✔✔- sealing method
- special features
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Lehr - ✔✔- used for annealing
- hold bottle at high temp to allow glass to relax and cool
- relieves inside pressure
✔✔annealing - ✔✔heating up the glass then cooling it down to relieve the stress of the
container
✔✔hot end coating - ✔✔- preserve strength of container
- facilitate flow on fill line/mfr
- tin is a great hot end coating, primer for cold end
✔✔cold end coating - ✔✔- makes sure bottles don't scratch in passing
- amount of scratches/friction throughout processing and distribution is reduced
- applied after bottle cools
- food grade polyethylene is used to prove lubricity (glide) when containers are dry
✔✔press and blow - ✔✔- used for wide mouth jars
- gob falls into mold, plunger presses molten glass to sides of mold making a blank,
blank rotated and air is blown into blank
✔✔narrow neck press and blow - ✔✔- wall thickness
- used for bottles </= 1.5 inch
- uniform
- similar to press and blow, just a narrower neck
✔✔blow and blow - ✔✔- used for large vessels/heavy containers
- could cause uneven distribution at the bottom of bottle
- gob comes down into a mold, neck gets formed and air is blown, bottle rotated to
upright position and air is blown again
✔✔limestone, silica, soda ash... what is each used for - ✔✔- components of glass
- cant use only silica because it would be hard to melt, fine, and mold
- limestone: improves chemical durability
- soda ash: reduces the melting temperature
- silica: sand, glass forming oxide
✔✔light weighting - ✔✔- keep integrity
*how to lightweight*
- reduce punt size
- finish
- change shoulder design
- change blow and blow to press and blow
, - round out any sharp edges/corners
- need to consider for MFR and PROD teams
- will light weight affect marketability? consider
✔✔ROPP - ✔✔- used for carbonated soft drinks (beer, frit juice, liquor, food)
- resealable
- tamper evident
✔✔continuous thread - ✔✔- used for liquids, powders, tablets, food/bev, cosmetics
- resealable
- can be tamper evident
✔✔cork - ✔✔- still wine, champagne
✔✔bar top - ✔✔- used for ? whiskey maybe
✔✔crown - ✔✔- used for beer, soft drinks
- single use seal
- crimp/crown
✔✔lug- press on - ✔✔- used for prepared meats, vegetables, baby food
- prevents contaminants even when seal is broken
✔✔lug- screw on - ✔✔- used for sauces, jellies, pickles
- resealable
✔✔vacuum seal - ✔✔pressed or twisted into place while steam flushes the headspace
making a vacuum
✔✔pressure seal - ✔✔- used for carbonated beverages
- metal, cork, or plastic
✔✔normal seal - ✔✔- made/applied w/ pressure, induction, conduction
✔✔parting line - ✔✔
✔✔heel radii - ✔✔- should be 3 heel radii
- high abuse area
- better glass distribution on wall and base
- base of container should be 2X thickness of wall
✔✔finish - ✔✔- sealing method
- special features
