ACN-HAEM302: Advanced Clinical Nursing –
Haematopoietic System & Blood Disorders
Exam (With Answers)
1
Q
why is anaemia common in cats?
A
cats mask illness and disease so are diagnosed later
lifespan of cat RBC is shorter than that of a dog
total RBC mass lower in cats than dogs
feline haemoglobin has low affinity for O2
2
Q
what is the effect of the shortened lifespan of feline RBC?
A
anaemia is a clinical issue more quickly as functional RBC are lost
quicker
3
Q
what does it mean if RBC have low affinity for oxygen?
A
O2 is given up to tissues easily
4
Q
what is the effect of low feline haemoglobin affinity for oxygen?
,A
anaemia better tolerated
5
Q
what are the clinical signs of anaemia?
A
pale MM
less commonly: yellow MM
lethargic
weak
hyperdynamic pulses
tachycardia
heart murmur
tachypnoea
enlarged LN and spleen
pica
6
Q
why is heart murmur seen with anaemia?
A
altered viscosity of blood changes the flow of blood through the heart
7
Q
what is the murmur seen with anaemia known as?
A
haemic murmur
,8
Q
when is an enlarged spleen seen with anaemia?
A
when it is linked to RBC breakdown and removal
9
Q
what is the first investigation used for anaemia?
A
haematology (PCV)
blood smear
10
Q
what effect does acute haemorrhage have on blood and RBC volume?
A
PCV will appear normal as volume has been lost
11
Q
are animals anaemic following acute haemorrhage?
A
yes - reduced O2 carrying capacity
12
Q
what is seen on PCV with chronic anaemia?
A
reduced proportion of RBC to plasma
PCV low
, 13
Q
what is seen on PCV with volume overload?
A
normal RBC volume but increased blood volume so PCV appears low
14
Q
what is the fundamental issue seen with anaemia?
A
not enough RBC
15
Q
what are the 2 types of anaemia?
A
regenerative
non regenerative
16
Q
what are the signs seen on blood smear of regenerative anaemia?
A
reticulocytes >50x10^9/L
anisocytosis
polychromasia
MCV increased
MCHC increased
17
Haematopoietic System & Blood Disorders
Exam (With Answers)
1
Q
why is anaemia common in cats?
A
cats mask illness and disease so are diagnosed later
lifespan of cat RBC is shorter than that of a dog
total RBC mass lower in cats than dogs
feline haemoglobin has low affinity for O2
2
Q
what is the effect of the shortened lifespan of feline RBC?
A
anaemia is a clinical issue more quickly as functional RBC are lost
quicker
3
Q
what does it mean if RBC have low affinity for oxygen?
A
O2 is given up to tissues easily
4
Q
what is the effect of low feline haemoglobin affinity for oxygen?
,A
anaemia better tolerated
5
Q
what are the clinical signs of anaemia?
A
pale MM
less commonly: yellow MM
lethargic
weak
hyperdynamic pulses
tachycardia
heart murmur
tachypnoea
enlarged LN and spleen
pica
6
Q
why is heart murmur seen with anaemia?
A
altered viscosity of blood changes the flow of blood through the heart
7
Q
what is the murmur seen with anaemia known as?
A
haemic murmur
,8
Q
when is an enlarged spleen seen with anaemia?
A
when it is linked to RBC breakdown and removal
9
Q
what is the first investigation used for anaemia?
A
haematology (PCV)
blood smear
10
Q
what effect does acute haemorrhage have on blood and RBC volume?
A
PCV will appear normal as volume has been lost
11
Q
are animals anaemic following acute haemorrhage?
A
yes - reduced O2 carrying capacity
12
Q
what is seen on PCV with chronic anaemia?
A
reduced proportion of RBC to plasma
PCV low
, 13
Q
what is seen on PCV with volume overload?
A
normal RBC volume but increased blood volume so PCV appears low
14
Q
what is the fundamental issue seen with anaemia?
A
not enough RBC
15
Q
what are the 2 types of anaemia?
A
regenerative
non regenerative
16
Q
what are the signs seen on blood smear of regenerative anaemia?
A
reticulocytes >50x10^9/L
anisocytosis
polychromasia
MCV increased
MCHC increased
17
