CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and
Treatment 2026
65th Edition
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1 — 5: Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
1) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Recommended Immunizations
Question Stem
A 68-year-old man with well-controlled type 2 diabetes
presents for routine care. Which vaccine should the nurse
,prioritize discussing to reduce his risk of invasive pneumococcal
disease and why?
Options
A. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) intranasal
B. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20 or PCV15 + PPSV23
sequence as indicated)
C. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine
D. Varicella zoster live vaccine (single dose)
Correct Answer
B
Rationales
• Correct (B): CMDT recommends pneumococcal conjugate
vaccination strategies for older adults and those with
chronic conditions (eg, diabetes) to reduce invasive
pneumococcal disease; contemporary regimens use PCV20
or a PCV15→PPSV23 sequence depending on availability
and patient factors.
• A: LAIV is contraindicated in older adults and those with
chronic medical conditions; inactivated influenza vaccine is
preferred.
• C: HPV vaccine is not routinely indicated at age 68.
• D: Live varicella vaccine is generally not appropriate for
older adults—herpes zoster recombinant subunit vaccine
(RZV) is recommended instead.
,Teaching Point
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccination is prioritized for older
adults with chronic disease.
Citation (Simplified APA)
Papadakis et al. (2026). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1.
2) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Screening
Recommendations
Question Stem
A 54-year-old woman with no symptoms and no personal
cancer history asks whether she should continue
mammography. Using evidence-based screening principles,
which approach best balances benefit and harm?
Options
A. Stop screening at 50 because harms exceed benefits after 50
B. Continue regular screening (mammography every 1–2 years)
until individualized life-expectancy considerations suggest
otherwise
C. Screen only if she requests it; routine screening is not
recommended
D. Replace mammography with breast MRI for all women over
50
, Correct Answer
B
Rationales
• Correct (B): CMDT emphasizes shared decision-making and
continuing age-appropriate screening (mammography
every 1–2 years) while individualizing based on life
expectancy and comorbidity.
• A: Incorrect—50 is not an automatic stop; many guidelines
continue screening into the 70s with individualized
decisions.
• C: Routine screening remains recommended; passive
waiting is not evidence-based.
• D: MRI is reserved for high-risk patients (eg, BRCA
mutation carriers), not for population screening.
Teaching Point
Screening decisions should be individualized based on age, risk,
and life expectancy.
Citation (Simplified APA)
Papadakis et al. (2026). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1.
3) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Smoking
Cessation & Counseling
Treatment 2026
65th Edition
Author(s)Maxine A. Papadakis; Michael
W. Rabow; Kenneth R. McQuaid; Paul L.
Nadler; Erika Leemann Price
TEST BANK
1 — 5: Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion
1) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion —
Recommended Immunizations
Question Stem
A 68-year-old man with well-controlled type 2 diabetes
presents for routine care. Which vaccine should the nurse
,prioritize discussing to reduce his risk of invasive pneumococcal
disease and why?
Options
A. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) intranasal
B. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20 or PCV15 + PPSV23
sequence as indicated)
C. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine
D. Varicella zoster live vaccine (single dose)
Correct Answer
B
Rationales
• Correct (B): CMDT recommends pneumococcal conjugate
vaccination strategies for older adults and those with
chronic conditions (eg, diabetes) to reduce invasive
pneumococcal disease; contemporary regimens use PCV20
or a PCV15→PPSV23 sequence depending on availability
and patient factors.
• A: LAIV is contraindicated in older adults and those with
chronic medical conditions; inactivated influenza vaccine is
preferred.
• C: HPV vaccine is not routinely indicated at age 68.
• D: Live varicella vaccine is generally not appropriate for
older adults—herpes zoster recombinant subunit vaccine
(RZV) is recommended instead.
,Teaching Point
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccination is prioritized for older
adults with chronic disease.
Citation (Simplified APA)
Papadakis et al. (2026). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1.
2) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Screening
Recommendations
Question Stem
A 54-year-old woman with no symptoms and no personal
cancer history asks whether she should continue
mammography. Using evidence-based screening principles,
which approach best balances benefit and harm?
Options
A. Stop screening at 50 because harms exceed benefits after 50
B. Continue regular screening (mammography every 1–2 years)
until individualized life-expectancy considerations suggest
otherwise
C. Screen only if she requests it; routine screening is not
recommended
D. Replace mammography with breast MRI for all women over
50
, Correct Answer
B
Rationales
• Correct (B): CMDT emphasizes shared decision-making and
continuing age-appropriate screening (mammography
every 1–2 years) while individualizing based on life
expectancy and comorbidity.
• A: Incorrect—50 is not an automatic stop; many guidelines
continue screening into the 70s with individualized
decisions.
• C: Routine screening remains recommended; passive
waiting is not evidence-based.
• D: MRI is reserved for high-risk patients (eg, BRCA
mutation carriers), not for population screening.
Teaching Point
Screening decisions should be individualized based on age, risk,
and life expectancy.
Citation (Simplified APA)
Papadakis et al. (2026). CURRENT Medical Diagnosis &
Treatment 2026 (65th Ed.). Ch. 1.
3) Reference
Ch. 1 — Disease Prevention & Health Promotion — Smoking
Cessation & Counseling
