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RCES exam Questions and Correct Answers
What is ARVD and when does it occur? Ans: Arrhythmogenic
Right Ventricular dysplasia; occurs when the RV myocardium is
replaced by fatty and fibrotic tissue
What are afterdepolarizations? Ans: Abnormal secondary voltage
depolarizations during the cardiac action potential
What are the two types of afterdepolarizations? Ans: EADs (early
after depolarizations) and DADs (delayed afterdepolarizations
What does the QT interval represent? Ans: ventricular
depolarization and repolarization
What is antedromic conduction? Ans: Antedromic conduction is a
type of AVRT in which the impulse travels down the pathway and
up the AV node--seen in WPW
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What is orthodromic conduction? Ans: A type of AVRT in which
the impulse travels down the AV node and up the pathway--this
type of conduction is more common
What 3 criteria are needed to sustain a reentry circuit? Ans: 1.)
Parallel pathways that are connected proximally and distally,
forming an electrical circuit 2.) One of the pathways needs a
refractory period that's substantially longer than the refractory
period of the other 3.) The pathway with the shorter refractory
period must conduct electrical impulse more slowly than the other
pathway
What is a normal AH interval? Ans: 50-140ms
What is a normal HV interval? Ans: 35-55ms
What is a normal HBE? Ans: <30ms
What is a normal PA interval? Ans: 25-55ms
What is a normal QTc? Ans: For men: <450, For women <470
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What is a normal QRS interval? Ans: <120ms
What is Ohm's Law? Ans: V = IR; V= voltage measured in volts, I=
current measured in amps and R= resistance ohms
What is the most likely rhythm is capture beats or fusion beats are
seen on the EKG? Ans: Ventricular Tachycardia because both beats
demonstrate AV dissociation
When do EADs occur? Ans: EADs are seen in phase 2 or phase 3 of
the action potential
What is the formula for converting Fahrenheit to Celsius? Ans: C=
(5/9) (F-32)
What is the formula for converting Celsius to Fahrenheit? Ans: F=
(9/5)C +32
What is the formula for calculating HR? Ans: 60,000msec/ RR
What is the most common location of outflow tract VT? Ans: RVOT
© 2025 All rights reserved
RCES exam Questions and Correct Answers
What is ARVD and when does it occur? Ans: Arrhythmogenic
Right Ventricular dysplasia; occurs when the RV myocardium is
replaced by fatty and fibrotic tissue
What are afterdepolarizations? Ans: Abnormal secondary voltage
depolarizations during the cardiac action potential
What are the two types of afterdepolarizations? Ans: EADs (early
after depolarizations) and DADs (delayed afterdepolarizations
What does the QT interval represent? Ans: ventricular
depolarization and repolarization
What is antedromic conduction? Ans: Antedromic conduction is a
type of AVRT in which the impulse travels down the pathway and
up the AV node--seen in WPW
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
What is orthodromic conduction? Ans: A type of AVRT in which
the impulse travels down the AV node and up the pathway--this
type of conduction is more common
What 3 criteria are needed to sustain a reentry circuit? Ans: 1.)
Parallel pathways that are connected proximally and distally,
forming an electrical circuit 2.) One of the pathways needs a
refractory period that's substantially longer than the refractory
period of the other 3.) The pathway with the shorter refractory
period must conduct electrical impulse more slowly than the other
pathway
What is a normal AH interval? Ans: 50-140ms
What is a normal HV interval? Ans: 35-55ms
What is a normal HBE? Ans: <30ms
What is a normal PA interval? Ans: 25-55ms
What is a normal QTc? Ans: For men: <450, For women <470
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 3 | Page
What is a normal QRS interval? Ans: <120ms
What is Ohm's Law? Ans: V = IR; V= voltage measured in volts, I=
current measured in amps and R= resistance ohms
What is the most likely rhythm is capture beats or fusion beats are
seen on the EKG? Ans: Ventricular Tachycardia because both beats
demonstrate AV dissociation
When do EADs occur? Ans: EADs are seen in phase 2 or phase 3 of
the action potential
What is the formula for converting Fahrenheit to Celsius? Ans: C=
(5/9) (F-32)
What is the formula for converting Celsius to Fahrenheit? Ans: F=
(9/5)C +32
What is the formula for calculating HR? Ans: 60,000msec/ RR
What is the most common location of outflow tract VT? Ans: RVOT
© 2025 All rights reserved
