CLINICAL CHEMISTRY - ASCP: Accurate
Solutions For Every Question
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Terms in this set (335)
What chemistry values Glucose, insulin, gastrin, triglycerides, sodium, uric
can recent food acid, iron, LD, calcium (up); chloride phosphate,
ingestion affect? potassium (down)
What chemistry values CK, potassium, phosphate, lactic acid, creatinine,
can activity affect? protein, CK, AST, LD (increase)
What chemistry values ACTH, cortisol, catecholamines (increase)
can stress affect?
Use of isopropyl alcohol, squeezing site of capillary
puncture, pumping fist, tourniquet left on >1min, IV
What preanalytical fluid contamination, incorrect anticoagulant or
factors may affect incorrect order of draw, hemolysis, exposure to
chemistry results? light, temp between collection and testing,
inadequate centrifugation, re-centrifugation, delay
in separating serum/plasma, storage temp
spectrophotometry, atomic absorption
Photometric methods spectrophotometry, fluorometry,
chemiluminescence, turbidimetry, nephelometry
Chemical reaction produces colored substance that
Spectrophotometry absorbs light of a specific wavelength. amount of
principle light absorbed is directly proportional to
concentration of analyte
Light source (tungsten lamp for visible range,
Spectrophotometry -
deuterium lamp for UV), monochromator (diffraction
component parts
grating), cuvette, photodetector, readout device
,Atomic absorption Measures light absorbed by ground-state atoms
spectrophotometry
principle
Atomic absorption Hollow cathode lamp, atomizer, flame, mixing
spectrophotometry - chamber, chopper, monochromator, detector,
component parts readout device
Atoms absorb light of specific wavelength & emit
Fluorometry principle
light of longer wavelength (lower energy)
Light source (mercury or xenon arc lamp), primary
Fluorometry - monochromator, sample holder (quartz cuvettes),
component parts secondary monochromator, detector, readout
device
Chemical reaction that produces light. usually
Chemiluminescence
involves oxidation of luminol, acridinium esters or
principle
dioxetanes
Chemiluminescence - reagent probes, sample & reagent cuvette,
Component parts photomultiplier tube, readout device
measures reduction in light transmission by particles
Turbidimetry principle
in suspension
Turbidimetry - light source, lens, cuvette, photodetector, readout
Component parts device
similar to turbidity, but light is measured at angle
Nephelometry principle
from light source
nephelometry - light source, collimator, monochromator, cuvette,
component parts photo detector, readout device
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), High-
Chromatography (types) performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Gas
chromatography (GC)
Thin layer Screening test for drugs of abuse in urine
chromatography (TLC)
use
Thin-layer sorbent-coated glass or plastic plate, closed
chromatography (TLC) - container, solvent
Components
, High-performance liquid Separation of thermolabile compounds
chromatography (HPLC)
use
High-performance liquid solvent, pump, injection port, column, detector,
chromatography (HPLC) recorder
- components
separation of volatile compounds or compounds
Gas chromatography
that can be made volatile (therapeutic & toxic
(GC) use
drugs)
Gas chromatography gas, injection port, column, oven, detector, recorder
(GC) - components
Ion selective electrodes Potential difference between 2 electrodes directly
principle related to concentration of the analyte
determines osmolality (measurement of the number
of dissolved particles in solution, irrespective of
Osmometry principle molecular weight, size, density, or type) based on
freezing point depression. (vapor depression
osmometers not widely used in clinical labs)
separation of charged particles in an electrical field.
anions move to positively charged pole (anode);
Electrophoresis principle
cations move to negatively charged pole (cathode).
the greater the charge, the faster the migration
Ion-selective electrodes reference electrode, indicator electrode, liquid
- component parts junction, measuring device
Osmometry - component cooling bath, thermistor probe, stirring wire,
parts galvanometer
Electrophoresis - power supply, support medium, buffer, stain,
component parts densitometer
Ion-selective electrode pH PCO2, PO2, Na, K, Ca, Li, Cl
use:
Osmometry use: serum & urine osmolality
serum protein electrophoresis, hemoglobin
Electrophoresis use:
electrophoresis
Solutions For Every Question
Save
Terms in this set (335)
What chemistry values Glucose, insulin, gastrin, triglycerides, sodium, uric
can recent food acid, iron, LD, calcium (up); chloride phosphate,
ingestion affect? potassium (down)
What chemistry values CK, potassium, phosphate, lactic acid, creatinine,
can activity affect? protein, CK, AST, LD (increase)
What chemistry values ACTH, cortisol, catecholamines (increase)
can stress affect?
Use of isopropyl alcohol, squeezing site of capillary
puncture, pumping fist, tourniquet left on >1min, IV
What preanalytical fluid contamination, incorrect anticoagulant or
factors may affect incorrect order of draw, hemolysis, exposure to
chemistry results? light, temp between collection and testing,
inadequate centrifugation, re-centrifugation, delay
in separating serum/plasma, storage temp
spectrophotometry, atomic absorption
Photometric methods spectrophotometry, fluorometry,
chemiluminescence, turbidimetry, nephelometry
Chemical reaction produces colored substance that
Spectrophotometry absorbs light of a specific wavelength. amount of
principle light absorbed is directly proportional to
concentration of analyte
Light source (tungsten lamp for visible range,
Spectrophotometry -
deuterium lamp for UV), monochromator (diffraction
component parts
grating), cuvette, photodetector, readout device
,Atomic absorption Measures light absorbed by ground-state atoms
spectrophotometry
principle
Atomic absorption Hollow cathode lamp, atomizer, flame, mixing
spectrophotometry - chamber, chopper, monochromator, detector,
component parts readout device
Atoms absorb light of specific wavelength & emit
Fluorometry principle
light of longer wavelength (lower energy)
Light source (mercury or xenon arc lamp), primary
Fluorometry - monochromator, sample holder (quartz cuvettes),
component parts secondary monochromator, detector, readout
device
Chemical reaction that produces light. usually
Chemiluminescence
involves oxidation of luminol, acridinium esters or
principle
dioxetanes
Chemiluminescence - reagent probes, sample & reagent cuvette,
Component parts photomultiplier tube, readout device
measures reduction in light transmission by particles
Turbidimetry principle
in suspension
Turbidimetry - light source, lens, cuvette, photodetector, readout
Component parts device
similar to turbidity, but light is measured at angle
Nephelometry principle
from light source
nephelometry - light source, collimator, monochromator, cuvette,
component parts photo detector, readout device
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC), High-
Chromatography (types) performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Gas
chromatography (GC)
Thin layer Screening test for drugs of abuse in urine
chromatography (TLC)
use
Thin-layer sorbent-coated glass or plastic plate, closed
chromatography (TLC) - container, solvent
Components
, High-performance liquid Separation of thermolabile compounds
chromatography (HPLC)
use
High-performance liquid solvent, pump, injection port, column, detector,
chromatography (HPLC) recorder
- components
separation of volatile compounds or compounds
Gas chromatography
that can be made volatile (therapeutic & toxic
(GC) use
drugs)
Gas chromatography gas, injection port, column, oven, detector, recorder
(GC) - components
Ion selective electrodes Potential difference between 2 electrodes directly
principle related to concentration of the analyte
determines osmolality (measurement of the number
of dissolved particles in solution, irrespective of
Osmometry principle molecular weight, size, density, or type) based on
freezing point depression. (vapor depression
osmometers not widely used in clinical labs)
separation of charged particles in an electrical field.
anions move to positively charged pole (anode);
Electrophoresis principle
cations move to negatively charged pole (cathode).
the greater the charge, the faster the migration
Ion-selective electrodes reference electrode, indicator electrode, liquid
- component parts junction, measuring device
Osmometry - component cooling bath, thermistor probe, stirring wire,
parts galvanometer
Electrophoresis - power supply, support medium, buffer, stain,
component parts densitometer
Ion-selective electrode pH PCO2, PO2, Na, K, Ca, Li, Cl
use:
Osmometry use: serum & urine osmolality
serum protein electrophoresis, hemoglobin
Electrophoresis use:
electrophoresis
