Chapter 19: Structural Steel Construction
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Steel detailing is - - the assembly details—details of the connections between steel
components—are not prepared by the architect or the structural engineer, but by the steel
detailer
- Therefore, a specialized expertise
- steel detailing may be done either by an independent detailing company or by an in-house
outfit of a steel fabricator.
preliminary framing layout of a steel-frame building - - involves careful integration of
structural considerations with several nonstructural considerations, such as HVAC, the building
envelope, fire resistance, interior finishes, aesthetics, and cost. Because of its integrative nature,
preparation of the preliminary framing layout is at the heart of an architect's expertise and is
generally undertaken during the design development phase
a framing plan - - The framing layout of a structure is usually prepared in plan view
In preparing the framing plans, establishing the - structural grid is the first step. A majority of
buildings are either rectangular in plan or rectangle-based, such as an L-shape, T-shape, and so
on.
a floor or roof in a steel-frame building consists of: - - (a) beams or beamlike members, such
as girders, joist girders, and joists; and (b) floor and roof deck panels. In most buildings, the deck
panels are the tertiary components of the floor or roof, while the beams or beamlike members
form the primary and secondary components
, - The primary components span along one direction of the grid and support the secondary
components that span along the other grid direction. The secondary elements support the
tertiary elements—the deck panels—which span perpendicular to the secondary elements.
Thus, the load from a roof or floor is transferred from the deck panels to secondary
components, and then to the primary components, and finally to the columns. Thus, an
important feature of the framing of a floor or roof of a steel building is that all components are
one-way components, that is, they span along one direction only. This is in contrast to cast-in-
place concrete slabs, which may either be one-way or two-way slabs.
In a steel-frame building, the choice is between the use of the following alternatives or their
combinations: - - Rigid frames
- Braced frame
- Reinforced concrete shear walls
- Steel shear walls
Steel bolts are of two types: - - Unfinished (or common or ordinary) bolts are made from
carbon steel and generally have the same stress-strain characteristics as A36 steel. As per ASTM
specifications, they are classified as A307 bolts. The use of A307 bolts has decreased
significantly since the introduction of high-strength bolts.
- High-strength bolts are based on ASTM specification A325 or A490. A325 bolts are made from
heat-treated carbon steel and have an approximate yield stress of 85 ksi. A490 bolts are made
from a heat-treated steel alloy and have a yield strength of 120 ksi. A325 bolts are more
commonly used because they cost less.
snug-tight condition - - For most structural steel connections, bolts are tightened to what is
called a
- This condition is obtained when the connected members have been bolted together using a
spud wrench with the full force of a person,
- The load transfer between members in a snug-tight connection (also called a bearing
connection) occurs through shear in the bolts.
Exam with question and answer
100%correct
Steel detailing is - - the assembly details—details of the connections between steel
components—are not prepared by the architect or the structural engineer, but by the steel
detailer
- Therefore, a specialized expertise
- steel detailing may be done either by an independent detailing company or by an in-house
outfit of a steel fabricator.
preliminary framing layout of a steel-frame building - - involves careful integration of
structural considerations with several nonstructural considerations, such as HVAC, the building
envelope, fire resistance, interior finishes, aesthetics, and cost. Because of its integrative nature,
preparation of the preliminary framing layout is at the heart of an architect's expertise and is
generally undertaken during the design development phase
a framing plan - - The framing layout of a structure is usually prepared in plan view
In preparing the framing plans, establishing the - structural grid is the first step. A majority of
buildings are either rectangular in plan or rectangle-based, such as an L-shape, T-shape, and so
on.
a floor or roof in a steel-frame building consists of: - - (a) beams or beamlike members, such
as girders, joist girders, and joists; and (b) floor and roof deck panels. In most buildings, the deck
panels are the tertiary components of the floor or roof, while the beams or beamlike members
form the primary and secondary components
, - The primary components span along one direction of the grid and support the secondary
components that span along the other grid direction. The secondary elements support the
tertiary elements—the deck panels—which span perpendicular to the secondary elements.
Thus, the load from a roof or floor is transferred from the deck panels to secondary
components, and then to the primary components, and finally to the columns. Thus, an
important feature of the framing of a floor or roof of a steel building is that all components are
one-way components, that is, they span along one direction only. This is in contrast to cast-in-
place concrete slabs, which may either be one-way or two-way slabs.
In a steel-frame building, the choice is between the use of the following alternatives or their
combinations: - - Rigid frames
- Braced frame
- Reinforced concrete shear walls
- Steel shear walls
Steel bolts are of two types: - - Unfinished (or common or ordinary) bolts are made from
carbon steel and generally have the same stress-strain characteristics as A36 steel. As per ASTM
specifications, they are classified as A307 bolts. The use of A307 bolts has decreased
significantly since the introduction of high-strength bolts.
- High-strength bolts are based on ASTM specification A325 or A490. A325 bolts are made from
heat-treated carbon steel and have an approximate yield stress of 85 ksi. A490 bolts are made
from a heat-treated steel alloy and have a yield strength of 120 ksi. A325 bolts are more
commonly used because they cost less.
snug-tight condition - - For most structural steel connections, bolts are tightened to what is
called a
- This condition is obtained when the connected members have been bolted together using a
spud wrench with the full force of a person,
- The load transfer between members in a snug-tight connection (also called a bearing
connection) occurs through shear in the bolts.
