NU160 Exam 2 Renal – Questions & Accurate
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Terms in this set (61)
Kidneys (pyelonephritis)
Ureters (ureteritis)
Upper UTI
Bladder (cystitis)
Lower UTI
Urethra (urethritis)
GFR normal rate > 90-120 mL/min
measure of how well your kidneys are filtering waste
What is GFR test?
and excess fluids from your blood
What is glomerular first step in urine formation, where the kidneys filter
filtration? blood to remove waste, excess fluids, and toxins.
Measures level of waste product from muscle
metabolism.
What is Creatinine
(Creatinine is released into bloodstream and
serum? Cr
excreted by ONLY kidneys = more accurate kidney
function test)
Cr normal lab values 0.6-1.2 mg/dL
Measures waste product (Urea) in the blood that
What is Blood Urea comes from protein metabolism.
Nitrogen? BUN (Urea detoxified in the liver first THEN to kidneys for
filtering)
10-20 mg/dL
BUN normal lab values &
why abnormal?
dehydration, infection, chemo, high protein intake
, -Checks for protein leakage
Purpose of UA for kidney
-Should be low or none
function
Protein in urine = kidney damage
Hct measures the proportion of RBCs in the blood.
CKD can lower hct -> kidneys produce
erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone that tells the bone
marrow to make RBCs.
Why test hematocrit
(Hct) for kidney function?
If kidneys are damaged, they produce less EPO, ->
to low hct (anemia).
Anemia reduces O2 supply to kidneys -> more
damage
Males: 42-52%
Normal Hct levels
Females: 37-47%
Lower UTI (bladder)
Manifestations: urgency,
Acute uncomplicated
dysuria, and suprapubic pain
cystitis
Happens to relatively healthy
person
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria UTI positive urine culture but asymptomatic
UTIs are usually caused E. Coli
by (blank) bacteria that
travel up the urethra into
the bladder.
-High blood sugar → sugar in urine = bacterial
growth.
Why are diabetics at risk -Bladder Dysfunction due to nerve damage.
for UTIs? -Decreased Sensation --> urine retention and
infections.
-Weakened Immune System
Trimethoprim (Bactrim)
1st line antibiotic tx for Contraindicated: sulfate allergy & pregnancy
UTIs Adverse reaction: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (rare,
severe skin reaction)
Answers
Save
Terms in this set (61)
Kidneys (pyelonephritis)
Ureters (ureteritis)
Upper UTI
Bladder (cystitis)
Lower UTI
Urethra (urethritis)
GFR normal rate > 90-120 mL/min
measure of how well your kidneys are filtering waste
What is GFR test?
and excess fluids from your blood
What is glomerular first step in urine formation, where the kidneys filter
filtration? blood to remove waste, excess fluids, and toxins.
Measures level of waste product from muscle
metabolism.
What is Creatinine
(Creatinine is released into bloodstream and
serum? Cr
excreted by ONLY kidneys = more accurate kidney
function test)
Cr normal lab values 0.6-1.2 mg/dL
Measures waste product (Urea) in the blood that
What is Blood Urea comes from protein metabolism.
Nitrogen? BUN (Urea detoxified in the liver first THEN to kidneys for
filtering)
10-20 mg/dL
BUN normal lab values &
why abnormal?
dehydration, infection, chemo, high protein intake
, -Checks for protein leakage
Purpose of UA for kidney
-Should be low or none
function
Protein in urine = kidney damage
Hct measures the proportion of RBCs in the blood.
CKD can lower hct -> kidneys produce
erythropoietin (EPO), a hormone that tells the bone
marrow to make RBCs.
Why test hematocrit
(Hct) for kidney function?
If kidneys are damaged, they produce less EPO, ->
to low hct (anemia).
Anemia reduces O2 supply to kidneys -> more
damage
Males: 42-52%
Normal Hct levels
Females: 37-47%
Lower UTI (bladder)
Manifestations: urgency,
Acute uncomplicated
dysuria, and suprapubic pain
cystitis
Happens to relatively healthy
person
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria UTI positive urine culture but asymptomatic
UTIs are usually caused E. Coli
by (blank) bacteria that
travel up the urethra into
the bladder.
-High blood sugar → sugar in urine = bacterial
growth.
Why are diabetics at risk -Bladder Dysfunction due to nerve damage.
for UTIs? -Decreased Sensation --> urine retention and
infections.
-Weakened Immune System
Trimethoprim (Bactrim)
1st line antibiotic tx for Contraindicated: sulfate allergy & pregnancy
UTIs Adverse reaction: Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (rare,
severe skin reaction)
