Anatomy and Physiology: Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8w0ej
1. Functions of -Resistance to trauma and infection
the Integumen- -Prevents loss or gain of water
tary System -Vitamin D synthesis
-Sensory receptors for heat, cold, touch, texture, pressure, vibration, and tissue
injury
-Thermoregulation
2. How does skin re- -Skin has low pH to reduce bacteria and fungi
sist trauma and -Cells are packed closely together with tough protein called keratin
infection?
3. Name 3 ways -Glands release sweat for evaporative cooling
the integumen- - Vasoconstriction
tary system ther- - Vasodilation
moregulates?
4. Define: Vasocon- narrowing of blood vessels, reduces heat loss
striction
5. Define: Vasodila- widening of blood vessels, increases heat loss
tion
6. What are the 2 Epidermis- outer layer
main parts of Dermis- underlying connective tissue
the integumen- *Hypodermis not really part of the skin!*
tary system?
7. What does the keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
epidermis pri-
marily consist of?
8. glands, hair, nails
, Anatomy and Physiology: Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8w0ej
What are the
epidermal deriv-
atives?
9. What are the 4 - Karatinocytes
main cell types in - Melanocytes
the epidermis? - Tactile (Merkel) cells
- Dendritic (Langerhans) cells
10. Keratinocytes most numerous cell type, make fibrous protein keratin
(functions)
11. Melanocytes synthesize pigment called melanin
(functions)
12. Tactile cells (func- also called Merkel cells, receptors for the sense of touch, associated with a dermal
tions and 2nd nerve fiber
name)
13. Dendritic cells macrophages (big phagocytic cells) that kill microbes
(functions and
2nd name)
14. What are the lay- - Stratum basale
ers of the epider- - Stratum spinosum
mis (list from bot- - Stratum granulosum
tom up)? - Stratum lucidum
- Stratum corneum
15. What layer of the Straum lucidum
epidermis is only
found in thick
skin?
, Anatomy and Physiology: Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8w0ej
16. How many layers 1 layer
are found in the
stratum basale?
17. What cells are stem cells, keratinocytes, melanocytes, tactile (merkel) cells
found in the stra-
tum basale?
18. What is the im- makes it mitotically active, the stem cells divide and give rise to keratinocytes
portance of the
stem cells in the
stratum basale?
19. How many layers 8-10 layers
are in the stra-
tum spinosum?
20. What is the ap- The cells are flattened, which happens as they are pushed upward
pearance of the
cells in the stra-
tum spinosum,
and why?
21. What is con- Keratinocytes, dendridic (langerhans) cells
tained in the stra-
tum spinosum?
22. In which epider- Stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum
mis layers do ker-
atinocytes pro-
duce waterproof-
ing substances?
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8w0ej
1. Functions of -Resistance to trauma and infection
the Integumen- -Prevents loss or gain of water
tary System -Vitamin D synthesis
-Sensory receptors for heat, cold, touch, texture, pressure, vibration, and tissue
injury
-Thermoregulation
2. How does skin re- -Skin has low pH to reduce bacteria and fungi
sist trauma and -Cells are packed closely together with tough protein called keratin
infection?
3. Name 3 ways -Glands release sweat for evaporative cooling
the integumen- - Vasoconstriction
tary system ther- - Vasodilation
moregulates?
4. Define: Vasocon- narrowing of blood vessels, reduces heat loss
striction
5. Define: Vasodila- widening of blood vessels, increases heat loss
tion
6. What are the 2 Epidermis- outer layer
main parts of Dermis- underlying connective tissue
the integumen- *Hypodermis not really part of the skin!*
tary system?
7. What does the keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
epidermis pri-
marily consist of?
8. glands, hair, nails
, Anatomy and Physiology: Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8w0ej
What are the
epidermal deriv-
atives?
9. What are the 4 - Karatinocytes
main cell types in - Melanocytes
the epidermis? - Tactile (Merkel) cells
- Dendritic (Langerhans) cells
10. Keratinocytes most numerous cell type, make fibrous protein keratin
(functions)
11. Melanocytes synthesize pigment called melanin
(functions)
12. Tactile cells (func- also called Merkel cells, receptors for the sense of touch, associated with a dermal
tions and 2nd nerve fiber
name)
13. Dendritic cells macrophages (big phagocytic cells) that kill microbes
(functions and
2nd name)
14. What are the lay- - Stratum basale
ers of the epider- - Stratum spinosum
mis (list from bot- - Stratum granulosum
tom up)? - Stratum lucidum
- Stratum corneum
15. What layer of the Straum lucidum
epidermis is only
found in thick
skin?
, Anatomy and Physiology: Exam 2
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_8w0ej
16. How many layers 1 layer
are found in the
stratum basale?
17. What cells are stem cells, keratinocytes, melanocytes, tactile (merkel) cells
found in the stra-
tum basale?
18. What is the im- makes it mitotically active, the stem cells divide and give rise to keratinocytes
portance of the
stem cells in the
stratum basale?
19. How many layers 8-10 layers
are in the stra-
tum spinosum?
20. What is the ap- The cells are flattened, which happens as they are pushed upward
pearance of the
cells in the stra-
tum spinosum,
and why?
21. What is con- Keratinocytes, dendridic (langerhans) cells
tained in the stra-
tum spinosum?
22. In which epider- Stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum
mis layers do ker-
atinocytes pro-
duce waterproof-
ing substances?
