NURS 620 EXAM II (Cardiovascular and Respiratory) ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Exam with accurate detailed answers ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Sarah, who is postmenopausal, has controlled asthma and hypertension being effectively
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
treated with medication, and she smokes cigarettes. She has a low-density lipoprotein
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
(LDL) cholesterol level of 170 mg/dL and a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level of 40
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
mg/dL. To reduce Sarah's risk of a coronary event, the treatment plan would focus on:
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Lowering her LDL cholesterol level.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. Lowering her HDL cholesterol level.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. aggressively treating and controlling her hypertension and asthma.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. getting Sarah to stop smoking. - correct answer✔✔A. Lowering her LDL cholesterol
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
level.
The most common cause of elevated total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
the United States ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. heredity
||\\|//||
B. Hypothyroidism
||\\|//||
C. Diabetes
||\\|//||
D. A diet high in saturated fat. - correct answer✔✔D. A diet high in saturated fat.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Which of the following statements about hypertension is true? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. It is frequently caused by pheochromocytoma.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. It is usually the result of an underlying correctable problem.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. The cause is unknown in approximately 95% of cases.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
,D. It has a higher incidence among adult white men than any other group. - correct
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
answer✔✔C. The cause is unknown in approximately 95% of cases. ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
What value on the ABI diagnoses PAD? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Less than 0.25
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. Less than 0.5
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. Less than 0.9
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. 1 or greater - correct answer✔✔D. 1 or greater.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Harry, age 54, comes to your office with waxing and waning ischemic symptoms over a
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
period of days and weeks, an increase in angina while at rest, and transient ST changes on
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
his echocardiogram. This presentation leads you to believe that he is experiencing.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. A brain attack (stroke/CVA).
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. A myocardial infarction.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. Stable angina.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. Unstable angina. - correct answer✔✔D. Unstable angina
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Pharmacological therapy for mitral valve disease in adults include: ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Treatment of dyspnea with diuretics to relieve congestion.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. Reduction of fast ventricular rates with beta blockers or calcium channel blockers
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. Preload reduction with antihypertensive agents to decrease regurgitant flow.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. Daily antibiotic use to ward off bacterial infections. - correct answer✔✔A. Treatment of
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
dypsnea with diuretics to relieve congestion. ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
,Some older adults develop postural hypotension with hypertensive drug therapy. What is
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
included in your teaching with these individuals? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Drug therapy will be discontinued as soon as their blood pressure stabilizes to prevent
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
this problem from recurring.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. Slight dehydration will prevent postural hypotension from occurring.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. Clients should sleep in a high Fowler's position to prevent this from happening.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. Clients should be taught to sit on the edge of the bed before standing. - correct
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
answer✔✔D. Clients should be taught to sit on the edge of the bed before standing. ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
When a client is getting ready for a cardiac catheterization, which question is essential to
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
ask?
A. Are you allergic to shellfish?
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. Have you ever had a catheterization before?
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. Have you completed an advance directive?
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. What current medications are you on? - correct answer✔✔A. Are you allergic to
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
shellfish?
Which would be the last step you would consider in a client with long-term chronic
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
ischemic heart disease? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Use of ASA.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. Use of beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. Risk factor and lifestyle modification.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. A coronary angiogram. - correct answer✔✔D. A coronary angiogram.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
, When teaching a client with hypertension about restricting dietary sodium, you would
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
include which of the following instructions? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Sodium restriction can cause serious adverse effects.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. Diets with markedly reduced intake of sodium may be associated with other beneficial
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
aspects beyond blood pressure control. ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. Seventy-five percent of sodium intake is derived from processed food.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. A goal of 3 g of sodium chloride or 1.2 g of sodium per day is easily achievable. - correct
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
answer✔✔C. Seventy-five percent of sodium intake is derived from processed food.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Margie, age 45, comes into your office as a new patient and says that she has been on ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
nicotinic acid to treat her serum hyperlipidemia for years. What do you tell her? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. There has been no evidence to show that this works. Let's change you to a statin.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. Boy, your old provider is antiquated.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. If you've been on it for years, and it's working, let's just keep monitoring your levels.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. Let's eliminate the nicotinic acid for a few months to determine your baseline
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
cholesterol levels. - correct answer✔✔C. If you've been on it for years, and it's working, ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
let's just keep monitoring your levels. ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
You are managing a client with CHF. The client is presently on Carvedilol 12. 5 mg PO
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
BID, Lisinopril 2.5 mg PO daily, Lasix 80 mg PO daily, and spironolactone (Aldactone) 25
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
mg po daily. He is in to see you for a 2-week follow-up and shares he has gained 7 lb. in
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
the past week. He shares he has been faithful to his fluid and dietary restrictions and that
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
his urinary output is somewhat less than it has been. What medication could you add to
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
optimize the response to the loop diuretic? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Bumex ||\\|//||
B. Metoloazone
||\\|//||
Exam with accurate detailed answers ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Sarah, who is postmenopausal, has controlled asthma and hypertension being effectively
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
treated with medication, and she smokes cigarettes. She has a low-density lipoprotein
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
(LDL) cholesterol level of 170 mg/dL and a high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level of 40
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
mg/dL. To reduce Sarah's risk of a coronary event, the treatment plan would focus on:
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Lowering her LDL cholesterol level.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. Lowering her HDL cholesterol level.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. aggressively treating and controlling her hypertension and asthma.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. getting Sarah to stop smoking. - correct answer✔✔A. Lowering her LDL cholesterol
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
level.
The most common cause of elevated total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
the United States ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. heredity
||\\|//||
B. Hypothyroidism
||\\|//||
C. Diabetes
||\\|//||
D. A diet high in saturated fat. - correct answer✔✔D. A diet high in saturated fat.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Which of the following statements about hypertension is true? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. It is frequently caused by pheochromocytoma.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. It is usually the result of an underlying correctable problem.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. The cause is unknown in approximately 95% of cases.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
,D. It has a higher incidence among adult white men than any other group. - correct
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
answer✔✔C. The cause is unknown in approximately 95% of cases. ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
What value on the ABI diagnoses PAD? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Less than 0.25
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. Less than 0.5
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. Less than 0.9
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. 1 or greater - correct answer✔✔D. 1 or greater.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Harry, age 54, comes to your office with waxing and waning ischemic symptoms over a
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
period of days and weeks, an increase in angina while at rest, and transient ST changes on
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
his echocardiogram. This presentation leads you to believe that he is experiencing.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. A brain attack (stroke/CVA).
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. A myocardial infarction.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. Stable angina.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. Unstable angina. - correct answer✔✔D. Unstable angina
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
Pharmacological therapy for mitral valve disease in adults include: ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Treatment of dyspnea with diuretics to relieve congestion.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. Reduction of fast ventricular rates with beta blockers or calcium channel blockers
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. Preload reduction with antihypertensive agents to decrease regurgitant flow.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
D. Daily antibiotic use to ward off bacterial infections. - correct answer✔✔A. Treatment of
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
dypsnea with diuretics to relieve congestion. ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
,Some older adults develop postural hypotension with hypertensive drug therapy. What is
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
included in your teaching with these individuals? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Drug therapy will be discontinued as soon as their blood pressure stabilizes to prevent
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
this problem from recurring.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
B. Slight dehydration will prevent postural hypotension from occurring.
||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. Clients should sleep in a high Fowler's position to prevent this from happening.
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D. Clients should be taught to sit on the edge of the bed before standing. - correct
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answer✔✔D. Clients should be taught to sit on the edge of the bed before standing. ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
When a client is getting ready for a cardiac catheterization, which question is essential to
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ask?
A. Are you allergic to shellfish?
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B. Have you ever had a catheterization before?
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C. Have you completed an advance directive?
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D. What current medications are you on? - correct answer✔✔A. Are you allergic to
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shellfish?
Which would be the last step you would consider in a client with long-term chronic
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ischemic heart disease? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Use of ASA.
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B. Use of beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers.
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C. Risk factor and lifestyle modification.
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D. A coronary angiogram. - correct answer✔✔D. A coronary angiogram.
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, When teaching a client with hypertension about restricting dietary sodium, you would
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include which of the following instructions? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Sodium restriction can cause serious adverse effects.
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B. Diets with markedly reduced intake of sodium may be associated with other beneficial
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aspects beyond blood pressure control. ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
C. Seventy-five percent of sodium intake is derived from processed food.
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D. A goal of 3 g of sodium chloride or 1.2 g of sodium per day is easily achievable. - correct
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answer✔✔C. Seventy-five percent of sodium intake is derived from processed food.
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Margie, age 45, comes into your office as a new patient and says that she has been on ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
nicotinic acid to treat her serum hyperlipidemia for years. What do you tell her? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. There has been no evidence to show that this works. Let's change you to a statin.
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B. Boy, your old provider is antiquated.
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C. If you've been on it for years, and it's working, let's just keep monitoring your levels.
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D. Let's eliminate the nicotinic acid for a few months to determine your baseline
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cholesterol levels. - correct answer✔✔C. If you've been on it for years, and it's working, ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
let's just keep monitoring your levels. ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
You are managing a client with CHF. The client is presently on Carvedilol 12. 5 mg PO
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BID, Lisinopril 2.5 mg PO daily, Lasix 80 mg PO daily, and spironolactone (Aldactone) 25
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mg po daily. He is in to see you for a 2-week follow-up and shares he has gained 7 lb. in
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the past week. He shares he has been faithful to his fluid and dietary restrictions and that
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his urinary output is somewhat less than it has been. What medication could you add to
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optimize the response to the loop diuretic? ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//|| ||\\|//||
A. Bumex ||\\|//||
B. Metoloazone
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