Evidence-Based Practice Notes
Comprehensive Quiz Guide: Verified Questions with 100% confirmed
Answers
Section 1: Foundations of Evidence-Based Practice (Questions 1-15)
1. What is evidence-based practice (EBP)?
Answer: The conscientious, explicit, and judicious integration of the best
current research evidence with clinical expertise and patient
values/preferences to guide healthcare decisions. EBP combines three
essential components: best available evidence, clinical expertise, and
patient preferences/values.
2. What are the three pillars of evidence-based practice?
Answer: (1) Best available research evidence from systematic research, (2)
Clinical expertise and judgment from healthcare professionals' experience
and skills, (3) Patient values, preferences, and circumstances. All three must
be integrated for optimal patient-centered, evidence-based care.
3. What are the five steps of the EBP process?
Answer: (1) Ask: formulate a clinical question using PICO(T), (2) Acquire:
search for the best evidence, (3) Appraise: critically evaluate the evidence
for validity and applicability, (4) Apply: integrate evidence with clinical
expertise and patient preferences, (5) Assess: evaluate outcomes and
effectiveness.
4. Why is evidence-based practice important in nursing?
Answer: Improves patient outcomes and safety, reduces practice variation,
promotes quality care, increases nurse confidence and autonomy, reduces
healthcare costs, keeps practice current with latest research, promotes
critical thinking, supports professional accountability, advances nursing as a
profession.
,5. What is the difference between research and evidence-based practice?
Answer: Research generates new knowledge through systematic
investigation to answer questions. EBP uses existing research findings and
translates them into clinical practice. Research asks "what works?" EBP asks
"how do we implement what works?" Research creates evidence; EBP
applies evidence to practice.
6. What is the PICO format for clinical questions?
Answer: P = Patient/Population (specific patient group or problem), I =
Intervention (treatment, diagnostic test, exposure), C = Comparison
(alternative intervention or control), O = Outcome (measurable results).
Sometimes includes T = Time frame. PICO helps formulate answerable,
searchable clinical questions.
7. What is an example of a PICO question?
Answer: "In elderly hospitalized patients (P), does hourly rounding by
nurses (I) compared to PRN rounding (C) reduce patient falls (O)?" This
format identifies specific population, intervention, comparison, and
outcome, making it easier to search literature and find relevant evidence.
8. What is the difference between foreground and background questions?
Answer: Background questions seek general knowledge about conditions,
diseases, or processes (e.g., "What is diabetes?"). Use textbooks, UpToDate.
Foreground questions ask about specific clinical management, are more
complex, and use PICO format (e.g., "In diabetic patients, does insulin pump
therapy reduce A1C?"). Use research databases.
9. What are barriers to implementing evidence-based practice?
Answer: Individual: lack of knowledge/skills, resistance to change, time
constraints. Organizational: lack of resources, unsupportive culture,
inadequate staffing, lack of access to evidence. System: policies not
supporting EBP, lack of mentorship, competing priorities, outdated
protocols. Requires multilevel strategies to address.
, 10. What facilitates successful EBP implementation?
Answer: Administrative support, access to research databases and journals,
protected time for EBP activities, EBP mentors/champions, organizational
culture valuing inquiry and innovation, education and training, collaboration
with librarians/researchers, recognition/rewards for EBP, adequate
resources, clear policies.
11. What is the difference between EBP and quality improvement?
Answer: EBP focuses on using best evidence to guide clinical decisions and
interventions. Quality improvement (QI) focuses on improving processes
and systems to enhance outcomes. EBP asks "what is the best practice?" QI
asks "are we doing it well?" Both use data but have different purposes.
Often work together.
12. What is clinical expertise in EBP?
Answer: Healthcare professional's accumulated experience, education,
clinical skills, critical thinking, and judgment. Includes pattern recognition,
assessment abilities, decision-making skills, knowledge of patient context.
Essential for interpreting and applying evidence to individual patients,
recognizing when evidence doesn't fit specific situations.
13. What are patient values and preferences in EBP?
Answer: Patient's unique concerns, expectations, cultural beliefs, personal
experiences, and preferences regarding healthcare decisions. Includes what
matters most to patient, their goals, tolerance for risk, treatment
preferences. EBP requires incorporating patient voice into decisions, not
just applying evidence to patients.
14. What is translational research?
Answer: Process of moving research findings from laboratory to clinical
practice (bench to bedside). T1: basic science to clinical trials. T2: clinical
trials to practice guidelines. T3: guidelines to implementation in practice.
Comprehensive Quiz Guide: Verified Questions with 100% confirmed
Answers
Section 1: Foundations of Evidence-Based Practice (Questions 1-15)
1. What is evidence-based practice (EBP)?
Answer: The conscientious, explicit, and judicious integration of the best
current research evidence with clinical expertise and patient
values/preferences to guide healthcare decisions. EBP combines three
essential components: best available evidence, clinical expertise, and
patient preferences/values.
2. What are the three pillars of evidence-based practice?
Answer: (1) Best available research evidence from systematic research, (2)
Clinical expertise and judgment from healthcare professionals' experience
and skills, (3) Patient values, preferences, and circumstances. All three must
be integrated for optimal patient-centered, evidence-based care.
3. What are the five steps of the EBP process?
Answer: (1) Ask: formulate a clinical question using PICO(T), (2) Acquire:
search for the best evidence, (3) Appraise: critically evaluate the evidence
for validity and applicability, (4) Apply: integrate evidence with clinical
expertise and patient preferences, (5) Assess: evaluate outcomes and
effectiveness.
4. Why is evidence-based practice important in nursing?
Answer: Improves patient outcomes and safety, reduces practice variation,
promotes quality care, increases nurse confidence and autonomy, reduces
healthcare costs, keeps practice current with latest research, promotes
critical thinking, supports professional accountability, advances nursing as a
profession.
,5. What is the difference between research and evidence-based practice?
Answer: Research generates new knowledge through systematic
investigation to answer questions. EBP uses existing research findings and
translates them into clinical practice. Research asks "what works?" EBP asks
"how do we implement what works?" Research creates evidence; EBP
applies evidence to practice.
6. What is the PICO format for clinical questions?
Answer: P = Patient/Population (specific patient group or problem), I =
Intervention (treatment, diagnostic test, exposure), C = Comparison
(alternative intervention or control), O = Outcome (measurable results).
Sometimes includes T = Time frame. PICO helps formulate answerable,
searchable clinical questions.
7. What is an example of a PICO question?
Answer: "In elderly hospitalized patients (P), does hourly rounding by
nurses (I) compared to PRN rounding (C) reduce patient falls (O)?" This
format identifies specific population, intervention, comparison, and
outcome, making it easier to search literature and find relevant evidence.
8. What is the difference between foreground and background questions?
Answer: Background questions seek general knowledge about conditions,
diseases, or processes (e.g., "What is diabetes?"). Use textbooks, UpToDate.
Foreground questions ask about specific clinical management, are more
complex, and use PICO format (e.g., "In diabetic patients, does insulin pump
therapy reduce A1C?"). Use research databases.
9. What are barriers to implementing evidence-based practice?
Answer: Individual: lack of knowledge/skills, resistance to change, time
constraints. Organizational: lack of resources, unsupportive culture,
inadequate staffing, lack of access to evidence. System: policies not
supporting EBP, lack of mentorship, competing priorities, outdated
protocols. Requires multilevel strategies to address.
, 10. What facilitates successful EBP implementation?
Answer: Administrative support, access to research databases and journals,
protected time for EBP activities, EBP mentors/champions, organizational
culture valuing inquiry and innovation, education and training, collaboration
with librarians/researchers, recognition/rewards for EBP, adequate
resources, clear policies.
11. What is the difference between EBP and quality improvement?
Answer: EBP focuses on using best evidence to guide clinical decisions and
interventions. Quality improvement (QI) focuses on improving processes
and systems to enhance outcomes. EBP asks "what is the best practice?" QI
asks "are we doing it well?" Both use data but have different purposes.
Often work together.
12. What is clinical expertise in EBP?
Answer: Healthcare professional's accumulated experience, education,
clinical skills, critical thinking, and judgment. Includes pattern recognition,
assessment abilities, decision-making skills, knowledge of patient context.
Essential for interpreting and applying evidence to individual patients,
recognizing when evidence doesn't fit specific situations.
13. What are patient values and preferences in EBP?
Answer: Patient's unique concerns, expectations, cultural beliefs, personal
experiences, and preferences regarding healthcare decisions. Includes what
matters most to patient, their goals, tolerance for risk, treatment
preferences. EBP requires incorporating patient voice into decisions, not
just applying evidence to patients.
14. What is translational research?
Answer: Process of moving research findings from laboratory to clinical
practice (bench to bedside). T1: basic science to clinical trials. T2: clinical
trials to practice guidelines. T3: guidelines to implementation in practice.
