,TEST BANK FOR PHARMACOLOGY CLEAR AND SIMPLE A
GUIDE TO DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS AND DOSAGE
CALCULATIONS 4TH EDITION BY CYNTHIA J. WATKINS |
CHAPTER 1 – 20-LATEST
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TOPIC
Chapter 1 History of Pharmacology
Chapter 2 Basics of Pharmacology
Chapter 3 Patient Safety in Medication Administration
Chapter 4 Regulations
Chapter 5 Prescriptions and Labels
Chapter 6 Basic Review of Mathematics
Chapter 7 Measurement Systems
Chapter 8 Dosage Calculations
Chapter 9 Enteral Medications and Administration
Chapter 10 Parental Medications and Administration
Chapter 11 Integumentary System Medications
Chapter 12 Musculoskeletal System Medications
Chapter 13 Nervous System Medications
Chapter 14 Eye and Ear Medications
Chapter 15 Endocrine System Medications
Chapter 16 Cardiovascular System Medications
Chapter 17 Immunologic System Medications
, Chapter 18 Pulmonary System Medications
Chapter 19 Gastrointestinal System Medications
Chapter 20 Reproductive and Urinary System Medications
Chapter 1. History of Pharmacology
1. Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of pharmacology as a scientific discipline?
A. To study the human body’s anatomy and physiology
B. To understand how drugs interact with living organisms to produce therapeutic effects
C. To investigate chemical reactions that occur in laboratories
D. To examine how diseases are transmitted among populations
Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacology focuses on how drugs act on biological systems and how the body responds. It bridges
chemistry, biology, and medicine to ensure safe and effective drug use.
2. Which ancient civilization is credited with first recording herbal remedies and using opium as pain relief?
A. Chinese
B. Greek
C. Egyptian
D. Roman
Answer: C
Rationale: Ancient Egyptians documented herbal and mineral remedies, including opium, in the Ebers Papyrus
around 1500 BCE—one of the earliest medical texts in pharmacology.
3. Which scientist is known as the “Father of Modern Pharmacology”?
A. Hippocrates
B. Claude Bernard
, C. Oswald Schmiedeberg
D. Paracelsus
Answer: C
Rationale: Oswald Schmiedeberg (1838–1921) established pharmacology as an independent scientific discipline,
linking drug action to physiological processes and toxicology.
4. Paracelsus’ major contribution to pharmacology was his belief that:
A. Diseases were caused by evil spirits.
B. Only natural remedies should be used.
C. The dose makes the poison.
D. Drugs act only through divine will.
Answer: C
Rationale: Paracelsus (1493–1541) introduced the principle of dose-response relationships, recognizing that all
substances can be toxic depending on dosage—core to modern pharmacology.
5. The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928 marked the beginning of which era in pharmacology?
A. Genetic pharmacology
B. Antibiotic era
C. Synthetic drug era
D. Hormone therapy era
Answer: B
Rationale: Fleming’s discovery revolutionized medicine by introducing antibiotics, leading to a dramatic
reduction in infectious disease mortality worldwide.
6. Which 20th-century event significantly advanced drug regulation and safety monitoring in the United States?
A. Thalidomide tragedy
B. Spanish influenza
C. World War I
D. The Industrial Revolution
Answer: A
Rationale: The thalidomide tragedy (1960s), causing birth defects, prompted global drug safety reforms and
establishment of stricter FDA approval processes.
7. What was the primary role of apothecaries in early pharmacologic history?
A. Diagnosing diseases
B. Manufacturing and dispensing medicinal preparations
C. Conducting clinical drug trials
D. Practicing surgery and anatomy
Answer: B
Rationale: Apothecaries were the precursors to pharmacists, responsible for formulating and dispensing
medicines using herbal and chemical ingredients.
GUIDE TO DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS AND DOSAGE
CALCULATIONS 4TH EDITION BY CYNTHIA J. WATKINS |
CHAPTER 1 – 20-LATEST
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER TOPIC
Chapter 1 History of Pharmacology
Chapter 2 Basics of Pharmacology
Chapter 3 Patient Safety in Medication Administration
Chapter 4 Regulations
Chapter 5 Prescriptions and Labels
Chapter 6 Basic Review of Mathematics
Chapter 7 Measurement Systems
Chapter 8 Dosage Calculations
Chapter 9 Enteral Medications and Administration
Chapter 10 Parental Medications and Administration
Chapter 11 Integumentary System Medications
Chapter 12 Musculoskeletal System Medications
Chapter 13 Nervous System Medications
Chapter 14 Eye and Ear Medications
Chapter 15 Endocrine System Medications
Chapter 16 Cardiovascular System Medications
Chapter 17 Immunologic System Medications
, Chapter 18 Pulmonary System Medications
Chapter 19 Gastrointestinal System Medications
Chapter 20 Reproductive and Urinary System Medications
Chapter 1. History of Pharmacology
1. Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of pharmacology as a scientific discipline?
A. To study the human body’s anatomy and physiology
B. To understand how drugs interact with living organisms to produce therapeutic effects
C. To investigate chemical reactions that occur in laboratories
D. To examine how diseases are transmitted among populations
Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacology focuses on how drugs act on biological systems and how the body responds. It bridges
chemistry, biology, and medicine to ensure safe and effective drug use.
2. Which ancient civilization is credited with first recording herbal remedies and using opium as pain relief?
A. Chinese
B. Greek
C. Egyptian
D. Roman
Answer: C
Rationale: Ancient Egyptians documented herbal and mineral remedies, including opium, in the Ebers Papyrus
around 1500 BCE—one of the earliest medical texts in pharmacology.
3. Which scientist is known as the “Father of Modern Pharmacology”?
A. Hippocrates
B. Claude Bernard
, C. Oswald Schmiedeberg
D. Paracelsus
Answer: C
Rationale: Oswald Schmiedeberg (1838–1921) established pharmacology as an independent scientific discipline,
linking drug action to physiological processes and toxicology.
4. Paracelsus’ major contribution to pharmacology was his belief that:
A. Diseases were caused by evil spirits.
B. Only natural remedies should be used.
C. The dose makes the poison.
D. Drugs act only through divine will.
Answer: C
Rationale: Paracelsus (1493–1541) introduced the principle of dose-response relationships, recognizing that all
substances can be toxic depending on dosage—core to modern pharmacology.
5. The discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming in 1928 marked the beginning of which era in pharmacology?
A. Genetic pharmacology
B. Antibiotic era
C. Synthetic drug era
D. Hormone therapy era
Answer: B
Rationale: Fleming’s discovery revolutionized medicine by introducing antibiotics, leading to a dramatic
reduction in infectious disease mortality worldwide.
6. Which 20th-century event significantly advanced drug regulation and safety monitoring in the United States?
A. Thalidomide tragedy
B. Spanish influenza
C. World War I
D. The Industrial Revolution
Answer: A
Rationale: The thalidomide tragedy (1960s), causing birth defects, prompted global drug safety reforms and
establishment of stricter FDA approval processes.
7. What was the primary role of apothecaries in early pharmacologic history?
A. Diagnosing diseases
B. Manufacturing and dispensing medicinal preparations
C. Conducting clinical drug trials
D. Practicing surgery and anatomy
Answer: B
Rationale: Apothecaries were the precursors to pharmacists, responsible for formulating and dispensing
medicines using herbal and chemical ingredients.
