Test Bank for Fundamentals of Nursing, 3rd Edition by Barbara L. Yoost – All Chapters Covered | Complete Exam Prep & Study Guide

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FundamentalsofNursing
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ActiveLearningforCollaborativePractice 3rd
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Edition
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By
Barbara L. Yoost, Lynne R. Crawford
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,Chapter01:Nursing,Theory,andProfessionalPractice
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Yoost&Crawford:FundamentalsofNursing:ActiveLearningforCollaborative Practice,
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3rd Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE jt




1. A group of nursing students are discussing the impact of nonnursing theories in clinical
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practice. Thestudents would be correct iftheychose which theoryto prioritizepatientcare?
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a. Erikson‘s Psychosocial Theory jt jt




b. Paul‘sCritical-ThinkingTheory jt jt




c. Maslow‘sHierarchyofNeeds jt jt jt




d. Rosenstock‘sHealth BeliefModel jt jt jt




ANS: C jt




Maslow‘s hierarchy of needs specifies the psychological and physiologic factors that affect each
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person‘s physical and mental health. The nurse‘s understanding of these factors helps with
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formulating Nursing diagnoses that address the patient‘s needs and values to prioritize care.
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Erikson‘s Psychosocial Theory of Development and Socialization is based on individuals‘
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interactingand learningabout theirworld.Nursesuseconcepts of developmental theory to critically
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think in providing care for their patients at various stages of their lives.
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Rosenstock(1974)developedthepsychologicalHealthBeliefModel. Themodeladdresses possible jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt




reasons for why a patient may not comply with recommended health promotion behaviors. This
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model is especially useful to nurses as they educate patients.
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DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.5 TOP: Planning j t j t j t




MSC: NCLEXClientNeedsC Na te g R
o ry : ISafG
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d E.C M
ffective CareEnvironment:ManagementofCareNOT: jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt j t jt jt j t jt jt jt jt jt jt




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Concepts: Care Coordinati on jt jt




2. A nursing student is preparingstudynotes from a recent lecture in nursing history. The
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student would credit Florence Nightingale for which definition of nursing?
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a. Theimbalancebetween thepatientand theenvironment decreases the capacityfor
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health. jt




b. Thenurseneeds to focus on interpersonal processes between nurseand patient.
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c. Thenurseassists the patient with essential functions towardindependence.
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d. Humanbeings areinteractingin continuous motion as energyfields. jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt




ANS: A jt




Florence Nightingale‘s (1860) concept of the environment emphasized prevention and clean air,
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water, and housing. This theory states that the imbalance between the patient and the
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environment decreases thecapacityforhealth and does notallow forconservation ofenergy.
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Hildegard Peplau (1952) focused on the roles played by the nurse and the interpersonal process
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between a nurse and a patient. Virginia Henderson described the nurse‘s role as substitutive
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(doing for the person), supplementary (helping the person), or complementary (working with the
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person), with the goal of independence for the patient. Martha Rogers (1970) developed the
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Science of Unitary Human Beings. She stated that human beings and their environments are
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interacting in continuous motion as infinite energy fields.
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DIF: Understanding OBJ: 1.4 TOP:Planning j t jt




MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance NOT:
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Concepts: Health Promotion
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,3. Thenurseidentifies which nurseestablished the American Red Cross duringthe Civil War?
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a. DorotheaDix jt




b. LindaRichards jt




c. LenaHigbee jt




d. ClaraBarton jt




ANS: D jt




Clara Barton practiced nursing in the Civil War and established the American Red Cross.
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DorotheaDix was the head of theU.S. SanitaryCommission, which was a forerunner ofthe Army
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Nurse Corps. Linda Richards was America‘s first trained nurse, graduating from Boston‘s
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Women‘s Hospital in 1873, and Lena Higbee, superintendent of the U.S. Navy Nurse Corps, was
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awarded the Navy Cross in 1918.
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DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.3 TOP:Assessment j t jt




MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance
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NOT: Concepts: Professionalism
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4. Thenursinginstructor isresearchingthefiveproficiencies regardedas essential forstudents and
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professionals. The nursing instructor identifies which organization would be found to have
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added safety as a sixth competency?
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a. Qualityand SafetyEducation forNurses (QSEN) jt jt jt jt jt jt




b. Instituteof Medicine (IOM) jt jt jt




c. American Association of Colleges ofNursing(AACN) jt jt jt jt jt jt




d. National League forNursing(NLN) jt jt jt jt




ANS: A jt




TheInstituteof Mediciner e pNo rt,RHe I
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five core competencies. These include
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Ua lt hGPrpatient-centered
oBfe.ssCio n M
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s Education:ABridgetoQuality(2003),outlines
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care, interdisciplinary
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teamwork, use of evidence-based medicine, quality improvement, and use of information
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technology. QSEN added safety as a sixth competency. The Essentials of Baccalaureate
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Education for Professional Nursing Practice are provided and updated by the American
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AssociationofColleges ofNursing(AACN) (2008). Thedocument offers aframeworkforthe
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education of professional nurses with outcomes for students to meet. The National League for
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Nursing (NLN) outlines and updates competencies for practical, associate, baccalaureate, and
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graduate nursing education programs.
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DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Planning j t j t j t




MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care NOT:
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Concepts: Care Coordination
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5. The nurse manager is interviewing graduate nurses to fill existing staffing vacancies. When
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hiring graduate nurses, the nurse manager realizes that theywill probablynot be considered
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―competentǁuntiltheycomplete whichtask? jt jt jt jt jt




a. Theygraduate and pass NCLEX. jt jt jt jt




b. Theyhave worked 2 to 3 years. jt jt jt jt jt jt




c. Their last year of nursing school. jt jt jt jt jt




d. Theyareactually hired. jt jt jt




ANS: B jt

, DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Assessment j t j t j t




MSC: NCLEXClient NeedsCategory:SafeandEffectiveCareEnvironment:Management ofCare NOT:
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Concepts: Care Coordination
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8. The nurse is caring for a patient who refuses two units of packed red blood cells. When the nurse
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jt notifies the health care provider of the patient’s decision, the nurse is acting in which role?
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a. Manager
b. Changeagent jt




c. Advocate
d. Educator
ANS: C jt




As the patient’s advocate, the nurse interprets information and provides the necessary
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education. The nurse then accepts and respects the patient’s decisions even if they are different
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from the nurse’s own beliefs. The nurse supports the patient’s wishes and communicates them
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to other health care providers. A nurse manages all of the activities and treatments for patients.
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In the role of change agent, the nurse works with patients to address theirhealth concerns and
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with staffmembersto address changein an organization orwithin a community. The nurse ensures
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that the patient receives sufficient information on which to base consent for care and related
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treatment. Education becomes a major focus of discharge planning so that patients will be
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prepared to handle their own needs at home.
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DIF: Applying OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Implementation j t j t j t




MSC: NCLEXClient NeedsCategory:SafeandEffectiveCareEnvironment:Management ofCare NOT:
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Concepts: Care Coordination
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9. The nursing student develops a plan of care based on a recently published article describing the
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effects of bed rest on a patient’s calcium blood levels. When creatingthe plan ofcare, the nursing
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student has the obligation to consider which action?
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a. Criticallyappraise the evidence and determine validity. jt jt jt jt jt jt




b. Ensurethat the plan of caredoes not alter current practice. jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt




c. Changethe process even when thereis no problem identified. jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt




d. Maintain theplan of care regardless of initial outcome. jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt




ANS: A jt




Evidence-based practice (EBP) is an integration of the best-available research evidence with jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt jt




clinical judgment about a specific patient situation. The nurse assesses current and past research,
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clinical guidelines,and otherresources to identifyrelevant literature.Theapplication of EBP
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includes critically appraisingthe evidence to assess its validity, designing a change for practice,
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assessing the need for change and identifying a problem, and integrating and maintaining change
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while monitoringprocess and outcomes by reevaluatingthe application of evidence and assessing
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areas for improvement.
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DIF: Applying OBJ: 1.2 TOP: Implementation j t j t j t




MSC: NCLEXClient NeedsCategory:SafeandEffectiveCareEnvironment:Management ofCare NOT:
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Concepts: Care Coordination
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