GCU Bio 182 Exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Green Algae - CORRECT ANSWERS ____________ called charophytes are the closest
relatives of land plants.
Land plants share four key traits with only charophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS • Rings
of cellulose-synthesizing complexes
• Peroxisome enzymes
• Structure of flagellated sperm
• Formation of a phragmoplast
Sporopollenin - CORRECT ANSWERS In charophytes a layer of a durable polymer called
_____________ prevents exposed zygotes from drying out
Sporopollenin - CORRECT ANSWERS ______________ is also found in plant spore
walls
Four key traits appear in nearly all land plants but are absent in the charophytes - CORRECT
ANSWERS • Alternation of generations and multicellular, dependent embryos
• Walled spores produced in sporangia
• Multicellular gametangia
• Apical meristems
Alternation of Generations - CORRECT ANSWERS Plants alternate between two
multicellular stages, a reproductive cycle called ___________
Gametophyte - CORRECT ANSWERS The ____________ is haploid and produces
haploid gametes by mitosis
,Placental transfer cells - CORRECT ANSWERS Nutrients are transferred from parent to
embryo through ___________________
Embryophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Land plants are called ____________ because of
the dependency of the embryo on the parent
Sporangia - CORRECT ANSWERS The sporophyte produces spores in organs called
____________
Sporocytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Diploid cells called ___________ undergo meiosis to
generate haploid spores
Sporopollenin - CORRECT ANSWERS Spore walls contain _______________, which
makes them resistant to harsh environments
Gametangia - CORRECT ANSWERS Gametes are produced within organs called
______________
Archegonia - CORRECT ANSWERS Female gametangia, called ____________, produce
eggs and are the site of fertilization
Antheridia - CORRECT ANSWERS Male gametangia, called ____________, produce and
release sperm
Apical meristems - CORRECT ANSWERS Plants sustain continual growth in their
____________
Cuticle - CORRECT ANSWERS A waxy covering of the epidermis
Vascular tissue - CORRECT ANSWERS Land plants can be informally grouped based on
the presence or absence of _____________
, Vascular plants - CORRECT ANSWERS Most plants have vascular tissue; these constitute
the _______________
Bryophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Nonvascular plants are commonly called ________
Bryophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS _____________ are not a monophyletic group; their
relationships to each other and to vascular plants is unresolved
Lycophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Club mosses and their relatives
Seed - CORRECT ANSWERS A _________ is an embryo and nutrients surrounded by a
protective coat
Gymnosperms - CORRECT ANSWERS The "naked seed" plants, including the conifers
Angiosperms - CORRECT ANSWERS The flowering plants
Pterophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Ferns and their relatives
Bryophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Refers to all nonvascular plants
Bryophyta - CORRECT ANSWERS Refers only to the phylum of mosses
Protonema - CORRECT ANSWERS A spore germinates into a gametophyte composed of
a ____________ and gamete-producing gametophore.
Rhizoids - CORRECT ANSWERS Anchor gametophytes to substrate
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Green Algae - CORRECT ANSWERS ____________ called charophytes are the closest
relatives of land plants.
Land plants share four key traits with only charophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS • Rings
of cellulose-synthesizing complexes
• Peroxisome enzymes
• Structure of flagellated sperm
• Formation of a phragmoplast
Sporopollenin - CORRECT ANSWERS In charophytes a layer of a durable polymer called
_____________ prevents exposed zygotes from drying out
Sporopollenin - CORRECT ANSWERS ______________ is also found in plant spore
walls
Four key traits appear in nearly all land plants but are absent in the charophytes - CORRECT
ANSWERS • Alternation of generations and multicellular, dependent embryos
• Walled spores produced in sporangia
• Multicellular gametangia
• Apical meristems
Alternation of Generations - CORRECT ANSWERS Plants alternate between two
multicellular stages, a reproductive cycle called ___________
Gametophyte - CORRECT ANSWERS The ____________ is haploid and produces
haploid gametes by mitosis
,Placental transfer cells - CORRECT ANSWERS Nutrients are transferred from parent to
embryo through ___________________
Embryophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Land plants are called ____________ because of
the dependency of the embryo on the parent
Sporangia - CORRECT ANSWERS The sporophyte produces spores in organs called
____________
Sporocytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Diploid cells called ___________ undergo meiosis to
generate haploid spores
Sporopollenin - CORRECT ANSWERS Spore walls contain _______________, which
makes them resistant to harsh environments
Gametangia - CORRECT ANSWERS Gametes are produced within organs called
______________
Archegonia - CORRECT ANSWERS Female gametangia, called ____________, produce
eggs and are the site of fertilization
Antheridia - CORRECT ANSWERS Male gametangia, called ____________, produce and
release sperm
Apical meristems - CORRECT ANSWERS Plants sustain continual growth in their
____________
Cuticle - CORRECT ANSWERS A waxy covering of the epidermis
Vascular tissue - CORRECT ANSWERS Land plants can be informally grouped based on
the presence or absence of _____________
, Vascular plants - CORRECT ANSWERS Most plants have vascular tissue; these constitute
the _______________
Bryophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Nonvascular plants are commonly called ________
Bryophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS _____________ are not a monophyletic group; their
relationships to each other and to vascular plants is unresolved
Lycophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Club mosses and their relatives
Seed - CORRECT ANSWERS A _________ is an embryo and nutrients surrounded by a
protective coat
Gymnosperms - CORRECT ANSWERS The "naked seed" plants, including the conifers
Angiosperms - CORRECT ANSWERS The flowering plants
Pterophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Ferns and their relatives
Bryophytes - CORRECT ANSWERS Refers to all nonvascular plants
Bryophyta - CORRECT ANSWERS Refers only to the phylum of mosses
Protonema - CORRECT ANSWERS A spore germinates into a gametophyte composed of
a ____________ and gamete-producing gametophore.
Rhizoids - CORRECT ANSWERS Anchor gametophytes to substrate
