BID
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twice a day
,side effects
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predictable and often unavoidable secondary effects produced at a
usual therapeutic drug dose. They can be harmless or can cause injury,
depending on the dose of the medication.
Common side effect examples: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness,
drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, and diarrhea.
Excretion
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the process of medications exiting the body through the lungs, exocrine
glands, bowel, kidneys, and liver.
A medication's chemical makeup determines the organ of excretion. Nurses
should know the method of excretion for their patients' medications, in
order to properly provide care.
Preparing a Vial
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, •Remove cap - If already used wipe surface with alcohol swab and allow it
to dry
•Take cap off needle and draw back amount of air equal to the desired
amount of medication.
•With vial on flat surface insert tip of needle through center of rubber seal
•Inject air into air space of the vial, holding on to the plunger.
•Invert vial while holding syringe and plunger; Withdraw medication (keep
tip of needle in fluid). Allow air pressure to gradually fill syringe.
•When desired volume is obtained. Move needle in vial's air space and tap
any bubble out and eject any remaining air.
•Remove needle from vial (or needleless vial access device)
•Hold syringe at eye level, at 90 degree angle to ensure correct volume w/
no bubbles
•If bubbles persist, tap barrel then draw back slightly, then push forward
expelling bubbles but no fluid - recheck volume.
**If using a powdered medication: inject diluent into vial and then roll in
palms to mix - continue as liquid medication
Topical
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applications on the skin absorb slowly
Absorption
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the passage of medication molecules into the blood from the site of
administration.
, SubQ
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absorb faster than oral, but not as fast as IM or IV
Techniques for buccal medication administration
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Have patient place medication in mouth against mucous membranes of
cheek and gums until it dissolves.
faster
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A medication in contact with a large surface area (e.g., small intestine) will
absorb _______ than those in contact with smaller surface area (e.g.,
stomach).
Trough Levels
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The point at which the lowest level of serum concentration of a drug.
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twice a day
,side effects
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predictable and often unavoidable secondary effects produced at a
usual therapeutic drug dose. They can be harmless or can cause injury,
depending on the dose of the medication.
Common side effect examples: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dizziness,
drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, and diarrhea.
Excretion
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the process of medications exiting the body through the lungs, exocrine
glands, bowel, kidneys, and liver.
A medication's chemical makeup determines the organ of excretion. Nurses
should know the method of excretion for their patients' medications, in
order to properly provide care.
Preparing a Vial
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, •Remove cap - If already used wipe surface with alcohol swab and allow it
to dry
•Take cap off needle and draw back amount of air equal to the desired
amount of medication.
•With vial on flat surface insert tip of needle through center of rubber seal
•Inject air into air space of the vial, holding on to the plunger.
•Invert vial while holding syringe and plunger; Withdraw medication (keep
tip of needle in fluid). Allow air pressure to gradually fill syringe.
•When desired volume is obtained. Move needle in vial's air space and tap
any bubble out and eject any remaining air.
•Remove needle from vial (or needleless vial access device)
•Hold syringe at eye level, at 90 degree angle to ensure correct volume w/
no bubbles
•If bubbles persist, tap barrel then draw back slightly, then push forward
expelling bubbles but no fluid - recheck volume.
**If using a powdered medication: inject diluent into vial and then roll in
palms to mix - continue as liquid medication
Topical
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applications on the skin absorb slowly
Absorption
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the passage of medication molecules into the blood from the site of
administration.
, SubQ
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absorb faster than oral, but not as fast as IM or IV
Techniques for buccal medication administration
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Have patient place medication in mouth against mucous membranes of
cheek and gums until it dissolves.
faster
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A medication in contact with a large surface area (e.g., small intestine) will
absorb _______ than those in contact with smaller surface area (e.g.,
stomach).
Trough Levels
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The point at which the lowest level of serum concentration of a drug.
